LARVA OF DATANA, UNKNOWN SPECIES

1902 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
R. E. Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Good Picture ◽  
Unknown Species

During my last week of collecting in the Huachuca Mts., Cochise Co., Arizona, I found, Aug. 11th, 1899, eighteen Datana larvæ on a Manzanita bush (Arctostaphylos glauca) or Western bearleaf. This larva was not known to me, and therefore I was anxions to send it to theartist who made the figures for Prof. A. T. Packard's “Bombycine Moths.” To all appearance the larvæ were nearly full-grown, and I had a negative taken of them by an ornithologist camping near by, so as to have a memento left in case they should transform before reaching their destination. Cloudy rveather and drizzling rain late in the day made it difficult to obtain a good picture. I had to mail the insects early the next morning from Fort Huachuca, which is 12 miles from Ramsey Canyon, and further delay was hazardous.

scholarly journals Integrative Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of the Plant-Parasitic Nematode Genus Paratylenchus (Nematoda: Paratylenchinae): Linking Species with Molecular Barcodes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Phougeishangbam Rolish Singh ◽  
Gerrit Karssen ◽  
Marjolein Couvreur ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin ◽  
Wim Bert
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
New Gene ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Pin nematodes of the genus Paratylenchus are obligate ectoparasites of a wide variety of plants that are distributed worldwide. In this study, individual morphologically vouchered nematode specimens of fourteen Paratylenchus species, including P. aculentus, P. elachistus, P. goodeyi, P. holdemani, P. idalimus, P. microdorus, P. nanus, P. neoamblycephalus, P. straeleni and P. veruculatus, are unequivocally linked to the D2-D3 of 28S, ITS, 18S rRNA and COI gene sequences. Combined with scanning electron microscopy and a molecular analysis of an additional nine known and thirteen unknown species originating from diverse geographic regions, a total of 92 D2-D3 of 28S, 41 ITS, 57 18S rRNA and 111 COI new gene sequences are presented. Paratylenchus elachistus, P. holdemani and P. neoamblycephalus are recorded for the first time in Belgium and P. idalimus for the first time in Europe. Paratylenchus is an excellent example of an incredibly diverse yet morphologically minimalistic plant-parasitic genus, and this study provides an integrated analysis of all available data, including coalescence-based molecular species delimitation, resulting in an updated Paratylenchus phylogeny and the corrective reassignment of 18 D2-D3 of 28S, 3 ITS, 3 18S rRNA and 25 COI gene sequences that were previously unidentified or incorrectly classified.

scholarly journals Animal welfare risks of global aquaculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. eabg0677
Author(s):  
Becca Franks ◽  
Christopher Ewell ◽  
Jennifer Jacquet
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Aquatic Animal ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Extreme Risk ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
High Production ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The unprecedented growth of aquaculture involves well-documented environmental and public-health costs, but less is understood about global animal welfare risks. Integrating data from multiple sources, we estimated the taxonomic diversity of farmed aquatic animals, the number of individuals killed annually, and the species-specific welfare knowledge (absence of which indicates extreme risk). In 2018, FAO reported 82.12 million metric tons of farmed aquatic animals from six phyla and at least 408 species—20 times the number of species of farmed terrestrial animals. The farmed aquatic animal tonnage represents 250 to 408 billion individuals, of which 59 to 129 billion are vertebrates (e.g., carps, salmonids). Specialized welfare information was available for 84 species, only 30% of individuals; the remaining 70% either had no welfare publications or were of an unknown species. With aquaculture growth outpacing welfare knowledge, immediate efforts are needed to safeguard the welfare of high-production, understudied species and to create policies that minimize welfare risks.

scholarly journals Multilocus phylogenies reveal three new truffle-like taxa and the traces of interspecific hybridization in Octaviania (Boletaceae, Boletales)

IMA Fungus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamichi Orihara ◽  
Rosanne Healy ◽  
Adriana Corrales ◽  
Matthew E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Gene Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Network ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Tree Comparison ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
The Usa

ABSTRACTAmong many convergently evolved sequestrate fungal genera in Boletaceae (Boletales, Basidiomycota), the genus Octaviania is the most diverse. We recently collected many specimens of Octaviania subg. Octaviania, including several undescribed taxa, from Japan and the Americas. Here we describe two new species in subgenus Octaviania, O. tenuipes and O. tomentosa, from temperate to subtropical evergreen Fagaceae forests in Japan based on morphological observation and robust multilocus phylogenetic analyses (nrDNA ITS and partial large subunit [LSU], translation elongation factor 1-α gene [TEF1] and the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene [RPB1]). Based on specimens from the Americas as well as studies of the holotype, we also taxonomically re-evaluate O. asterosperma var. potteri. Our analysis suggests that O. asterosperma var. potteri is a distinct taxon within the subgenus Octaviania so we recognize this as O. potteri stat. nov. We unexpectedly collected O. potteri specimens from geographically widespread sites in the USA, Japan and Colombia. This is the first verified report of Octaviania from the South American continent. Our molecular analyses also revealed that the RPB1 sequence of one O. tenuipes specimen was identical to that of a closely related species, O. japonimontana, and that one O. potteri specimen from Minnesota had an RPB1 sequence of an unknown species of O. subg. Octaviania. Additionally, one O. japonimontana specimen had an unusually divergent TEF1 sequence. Gene-tree comparison and phylogenetic network analysis of the multilocus dataset suggest that these heterogenous sequences are most likely the result of previous inter- and intra-specific hybridization. We hypothesize that frequent hybridization events in Octaviania may have promoted the high genetic and species diversity found within the genus.

scholarly journals Rediscovery of Vanzolini’s Bald-Faced Saki, Pithecia vanzolinii Hershkovitz, 1987 (Primates, Pitheciidae): first record since 1956

Check List ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
André V. Nunes ◽  
José E. Serrano-Villavicencio
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
First Record ◽  
The State ◽  
Extractive Reserve ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Local Inhabitant

We report the rediscovery of Pithecia vanzolinii in the upper Juruá River Basin, in the State of Acre, Brazil. An individual was collected after being hunted by a local inhabitant of an extractive community in the Riozinho da Liberdade Extractive Reserve. This is the first record of this species in the last 60 years and highlights the importance of intensifying studies of this almost unknown species.

A Preliminary Report of Changing Quaternary Mammal Faunas in Subalpine New Guinea

1993 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Hope ◽  
Tim Flannery ◽  
Boeardi
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Holocene Record ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Mammal Faunas

AbstractThe faunas found in the mountains of central Irian Jaya have experienced dramatic changes through the late Quaternary. Remains of two previously unknown species of large marsupial, Maokopia ronaldi and Protemnodon hopei, have been recovered from unrelated cave and fluvial deposits which today occur in dense upper montane forest. Direct dating of the finds has not as yet been possible, but stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and palynologic evidence indicates that these species lived near a climatic treeline in subalpine grassland in the late Pleistocene. At higher altitudes a rockshelter provided the second known mid-Holocene record of Thylogale christenseni and Thylogale sp. cf. brunii, apparently extinct grassland wallabies. The two largest remaining subalpine mammal species are being locally exterminated by hunting, leaving only a large murid, Mallomys gunung, which weighs less than 2.0 kg. The area thus records the disappearance of a grassland-adapted fauna. The possum Pseudocheirops cupreus dominates in modem hunting returns, although this species is totally absent from the local fossil records. It may thus be in the process of invading a vacated and disturbed niche from the upper montane forest.

scholarly journals Observations of the genus Muelleria (Bacillariophyceae) from the Republic of North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-312
Author(s):  
Zlatko Levkov ◽  
Danijela Vidaković ◽  
Aleksandra Cvetkoska ◽  
Danijela Mitić-Kopanja ◽  
Svetislav Krstić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
The North ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Valve Size ◽  
Extreme Habitats ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Background and aims – An increased interest in the diatom flora from subaerial habitats in the Republic of North Macedonia has revealed the presence of a large number of interesting and often unknown, species. During a recent biodiversity survey, seven Muelleria species were recorded, several of which could not be identified based on the available literature. Methods – Using both Light Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy techniques, the morphology of several Muelleria species has been analysed. The morphology of all taxa is described, illustrated and compared with other possible similar Muelleria taxa, known worldwide. Key results – Four already documented Muelleria species, M. gibbula, M. islandica, M. terrestris and M. undulata (= Navicula gibbula f. undulata) were identified, while two distinct species are described as new. These new species belong to the M. gibbula complex, and can be differentiated by valve size, stria density, shape of the proximal raphe ends and the shape of external areola foramina. The identity of one taxon remains uncertain due to a low number of observed specimens in the samples. As their ultrastructure is almost entirely unknown, they are briefly discussed. Conclusions – The diversity of Muelleria in Europe and the North Hemisphere is most likely underestimated and some of the previous records of M. gibbula belong to other species. Observations of diatoms from “extreme” habitats such as intermittent ponds, wet mosses and soils can reveal the existence of interesting and new species.

scholarly journals Peran Baitul Mall Wattamwil sebagai Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan melalui Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Supanji Setyawan ◽  
Chaidir Iswanaji
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Business Group ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Good Picture ◽  
Industry Group ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Poverty is one of the macroeconomic indicators in which Indonesia's economic development in aggregate shows a good picture and a decrease in the poverty level of the poor, but in terms of economic structure, segments of Indonesian society are still relatively lagging behind and relatively do not get real benefits from the results of development. Magelang Regency is one of the districts that have poverty problems. This poverty problem can be overcome by developing micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), especially in the industrial sector, where this sector is the leading sector in Magelang Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of financing on the income of MSEs as customers of BMT Bima industrial business group and how the role of BMT in overcoming the problem of poverty through the functions of baitul mall and baitul tamwil. This study uses a simple linear regression analysis tool. The results obtained (1) the financing variable does not have a significant effect on the income variable of MSME customers of BMT Bima Magelang industrial business group, this is because there are still customers who use financing for personal economic activities, (2) BMT is able to reduce poverty levels by providing assistance that comes from zakat, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf and still persists by providing financing to MSME customers of the BMT Bima Magelang industry group

scholarly journals Contribution to the scythridid fauna of southern Buryatia, with description of seven new species (Lepidoptera: Scythrididae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Nupponen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
The Family

A list of 26 species embracing 673 specimens of the family Scythrididae collected during 13.–29.VI.2002 from southern Buryatia is presented. Seven new species are described: Scythris erinacella sp. n., S. gorbunovi sp. n., S. hamardabanica sp. n., S. malozemovi sp. n., S. ninae sp. n., S. potatorella sp. n. and S. sinevi sp. n. Two unknown species are mentioned but not described because only females are available. In addition, S. penicillata Chrétien, 1900 is reported as new for Russia, S. emichi (Anker, 1870) as new for the Asiatic part of Russia and seven further species as new for the Baikal region. The known distribution range of each species is given as well as further notes on some poorly known taxa.

scholarly journals The endophytic community of Dactylis glomerata

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Sánchez Márquez ◽  
G.F. Bills ◽  
I. Zabalgogeazcoa
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Species Accumulation ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Ecological Roles ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Endophytic Community

Morphological and molecular methods were used to identify the endophytic mycobiota of the grass Dactylis glomerata. Fungal endophytes belonging to 109 different species were isolated from asymptomatic plants sampled in different ecosystems in Spain. Species accumulation curves showed that most species commonly infecting this grass have been identified, but the number of singleton species occasionally infecting the plants is likely to increase with more sampling effort. A large endophytic assemblage consisting of fungi with diverse ecological roles, and potentially unknown species was found in a small number of plants. Keywords: endophytes, Dactylis glomerata, diversity, abundance

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of nearshore barnacle cyprids in southern California through the 2015–16 El Niño

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malloree L. Hagerty ◽  
Nathalie Reyns ◽  
Jesús Pineda ◽  
Annette F. Govindarajan
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Southern California ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Balanus Glandula ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
La Jolla

Abundance, species diversity, and horizontal distributions of barnacle cyprids offshore of La Jolla, southern California were described from May 2014 to August 2016 to determine how the nearshore barnacle larval assemblage changed before, during, and after the 2015–16 El Niño. The entire water column was sampled at five stations located within one km of shore with water depths of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 m during 33 cruises that encompassed the time when El Niño conditions impacted the area. Nearshore temperature and thermal stratification was concurrently measured using a CTD. Six identified cyprid species, including Chthamalus fissus, Pollicipes polymerus, Megabalanus rosa, Tetraclita rubescens, Balanus glandula, and B. trigonus, along with four unknown species, were collected in our samples. DNA barcoding was used to confirm identifications in a subset of the larvae. C. fissus was more than eight times more abundant than any other species, and while abundance varied by species, cyprid density was highest for all species except for M. rosa before and after the El Niño event, and lower during the environmental disturbance. There were significant differences in cross-shore distributions among cyprid species, with some located farther offshore than others, along with variability in cross-shore distributions by season. C. fissus cyprids were closest to shore during spring-summer cruises when waters were the most thermally stratified, which supports previous findings that C. fissus cyprids are constrained nearshore when thermal stratification is high. Relative species proportions varied throughout the study, but there was no obvious change in species assemblage or richness associated with El Niño. We speculate that barnacle cyprid species diversity did not increase at our study site during the 2015–16 El Niño, as it has in other areas during previous El Niño Southern Oscillation events, due to the lack of anomalous northward flow throughout the 2015–16 event.

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