Suitability of felt traps to monitor oviposition by cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Dixon ◽  
R.J. West ◽  
K.B. McRae ◽  
D. Spaner
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Cabbage Maggot

AbstractThe effectiveness of felt egg traps to detect oviposition by the cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.), was studied under field conditions for cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. (Brassicaceae), and rutabaga, Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica (L.) Reichenb. (Brassicaceae), in 1994 and 1995. The numbers of eggs laid on traps were compared with the numbers deposited in the soil next to the plant. Also, the incidence of oviposition (i.e., the percentage of samples with eggs) on soil and traps was compared. A total of 5160 eggs was collected from 5208 samples, but just 16% of all samples had eggs. For cabbage, early in the 1994 season, the incidence of oviposition in soil samples was double that on traps, and the number of eggs per sample was greater also. Oviposition incidence and the number of eggs per sample during the rest of the summer were similar. In the 1995 cabbage trial, the incidence of oviposition early in the season was again higher in soil samples than on traps, and there were fewer eggs per trap than per soil sample. For rutabaga, the number of eggs was similar using both methods early in the second generation, but from mid-August there were more eggs per trap than per soil sample. The incidence of oviposition in the rutabaga trial was similar on traps and in soil through most of the experiment. In this study, felt traps did not adequately detect the timing of cabbage maggot oviposition in the critical early season.

Film-Coating Seeds with Chlorpyrifos for Germination and Control of Cabbage Maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) on Cabbage Transplants

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Jyoti ◽  
A. M. Shelton ◽  
A. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Control Practice ◽  
Cabbage Maggot

The cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.), is an important chronic pest of cabbage in the northern U.S. The maggots of this species cause damage to young plants by feeding on roots and stems, resulting in plant stand and yield losses or rendering the crop unmarketable. In New York, the nation's largest producer of cabbage, the most common control practice is to apply a drench or banded spray of chlorpyrifos at transplanting. As an alternative to this practice, we investigated the duration of insecticidal activity of chlorpyrifos film-coated seeds on cabbage transplants. Seeds of the cabbage var. ‘Fresco F-1’ were film-coated with chlorpyrifos at the rates of 0, 9.6, 19.2 or 28.8 g [Al]/kg seed and then examined for phytotoxic effects on germination in the laboratory as well as effectiveness against immature stages of D. radicum under greenhouse and field conditions. Chlorpyrifos film-coated seed treatments did not adversely affect germination in the laboratory tests when plants were grown with peat soil in transplant cell trays and provided significant plant protection against immature stages of cabbage maggot through several weeks after transplanting seedlings with associated soil under greenhouse and field conditions. These results agree with previous European studies showing the potential of seed treatments to reduce damage by D. radicum while at the same time dramatically reducing the amount of insecticide compared with a banded spray or drench application.

KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM FOSFATASE TANAH DAERAH PERAKARAN TANAMAN OBAT DARI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliasih Suliasih
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

A study was undertaken to investigate to occurance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soil samples of medicine plants in Cibodas Botanical Garden. 13 soil samples of medicine plants are collected randomly The result shows that 71 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated, and 10 species of these organism was identified as Azotobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chromobacterium sp, C.violaceum, Citrobacter sp. , Enterobacter sp., E. liquefaciens. Nitrosomonas sp., Serratia rubidaea, Sphaerotillus natans. Azotobacter sp. And Bacillus sp. Are found in all of soil tested. Conversely, Serratia rubidaea is only in the sample from rhizosphere of Plantago mayor The activity of acid alkaline phosphatase in soil tested ranged from 0.78 – 60,18 ugp nitrophenole/g/h, with the higest values being recorded in soil sample from rhizosphere of “Lavender”.Keywords : phosphate solubilizing bacteria, soil enzyme phosphatase

Resynthesis of Brassica napus with Brassica oleracea or Brassica rapa Cytoplasm

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1280-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun LI ◽  
Li-Xia LUO ◽  
Zhuan WANG ◽  
Jun LI ◽  
Kun-Rong CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Rapa

Evaluation of Nanotechniques and Conventional Techniques for the Removal of Dioxins

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Vaishali V. Shahare ◽  
Rajni Grover ◽  
Suman Meena
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Palladized Iron ◽  
The Impact

Background: The persistent dioxins/furans has caused a worldwide concern as they influence the human health. Recent research indicates that nonmaterial may prove effective in the degradation of Dioxins/furans. The nanomaterials are very reactive owing to their large surface area to volume ratio and large number of reactive sites. However, nanotechnology applications face both the challenges and the opportunities to influence the area of environmental protection. Objective: i) To study the impact of oil mediated UV-irradiations on the removal of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 2,3,7,8-TCDF, OCDD and OCDF in simulated soil samples. ii) To compare the conventional treatment methods with the modern available nanotechniques for the removal of selected Dioxins/furans from soil samples. Methods: The present work has investigated an opportunity of the degradation of tetra and octachlorinated dioxins and furans by using oil mediated UV radiations with subsequent extraction of respective dioxins/furans from soils. The results have been compared with the available nanotechniques. Results: The dioxin congeners in the simulated soil sample showed decrease in concentration with the increase in the exposure time and intensity of UV radiations. The dechlorination of PCDD/Fs using palladized iron has been found to be effective. Conclusion: Both the conventional methods and nanotechnology have a dramatic impact on the removal of Dioxins/furans in contaminated soil. However, the nanotechniques are comparatively costlier and despite the relatively high rates of PCDDs dechlorination by Pd/nFe, small fraction of the dioxins are recalcitrant to degradation over considerable exposure times.

Assessment of Irrigation Quality of Disposal Water of Ashuganj-Polash Agro-Irrigation Project, Brahmanbaria Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUR RAZZAK ◽  
PARSA SANJANA ◽  
BELAL HOSSAIN ◽  
DEBJIT ROY ◽  
BIDHAN CHANDRA NATH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Initial Soil

The study was conducted at Ashuganj-Polash agro-irrigation project (APAIP), Brahmanbaria,aim to determine the chemical properties of power plant disposal water and to assess its suitability for irrigation. Initial soil samples (before irrigating crop field) and final soil samples (after crop harvesting) were collected. During irrigation ten water samples (six from crop field and four from irrigation canals) were collected for analysis. All soil samples were analyzed in Humboldt soil testing laboratory and water samples in bio-chemistry laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University and compared to FAO irrigation standard. Results show thatthe sodium absorption ratio (SAR) (0.53 to 0.88), residual sodium bi-carbonate (0.8 to 1.3meq L-1), Kelly’s ratio (0.31 to 0.6) and total hardness (85 to 150) found in normal range and largely suitable for irrigation. Soluble sodium percentage values found in satisfactory (20.26 to 41.1) level and magnesium absorption (57.1 to 76.4) found unsuitable for irrigation. Statistically similar value of pH, EC, total nitrogen, organic carbon, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in initial and final soil sample were observed. But potassium and sulfur value reduced in final soil sample from initial soil. The water samples fall within the permissible limit and found suitable for crop production

scholarly journals A Simple Procedure for Mesophyll Protoplast Culture and Plant Regeneration in Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica napus L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. Kaur ◽  
M. Vyvadilová ◽  
M. Klíma ◽  
M. Bechyně
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Brassica Napus L

An improved protocol for Brassica protoplast culture and plant regeneration was developed. Isolated protoplasts from four-weeks-old in vitro shoot tip culture of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis cv. Siria F1 and Brassica napus doubled haploid of breeding line OP-1 were cultured at a density of 9.8&ndash;11.2 &times; 10<sup>4 </sup>protoplasts/ml in darkness at 25&deg;C in a modified medium containing 2% glucose, 0.25 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l NAA. The first divisions of protoplasts were observed on the third day of culture in B. oleracea and on the fourth day in B. napus. The protoplast cultures were diluted with low osmotic medium on 7<sup>th</sup> and 11<sup>th</sup> day. The frequency of dividing cells was about 80% in B. oleracea and 50% in B. napus. After one month, the microcalli of approximately 0.5&ndash;1 mm in size were transferred into an induction medium with various combinations of growth regulators. Minimum duration of enzyme treatment time and extended dark period in the initial phase of culture increased the survival rate of protoplasts. Organogenesis started when the calli enlarged in size on an induction medium (1 mg/l NAA, 0.02 mg/l GA<sub>3</sub>, 1 mg/l 2iP) with 2% sucrose and 0.8% agar. Regeneration frequency of calli was found to be 69&ndash;75% in B. oleracea and 2&ndash;3% in B. napus. Well-developed shoots were transferred for rooting to a half-strength MS medium without growth regulators. More than 100 B. oleracea regenerants were transferred into soil, and they produced normal heads and set seeds. This very simple procedure is efficient and suitable mainly for B. oleracea var. botrytis and represents a background for fusion experiments. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Oviposition Preference of the Cabbage Root Fly towards Some Chinese Cabbage Cultivars: A Search for Future Trap Crop Candidates

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Lamy ◽  
Laura Bellec ◽  
Amélie Rusu-Stievenard ◽  
Pauline Clin ◽  
Claire Ricono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Trap Crop ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Trap Crops ◽  
Cabbage Root Fly ◽  
Highly Sensitive

The development of integrated pest management strategies becomes more and more pressing in view of potential harmful effects of synthetic pesticides on the environment and human health. A promising alternative strategy against Delia radicum is the use of trap crops. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis and subsp. chinensis) is a highly sensitive Brassicaceae species previously identified as a good candidate to attract the cabbage root fly away from other crops. Here, we carried out multi-choice experiments both in the laboratory and in field conditions to measure the oviposition susceptibilities of different subspecies and cultivars of Chinese cabbages as compared to a broccoli reference. We found large differences among subspecies and cultivars of the Chinese cabbage, which received three to eleven times more eggs than the broccoli reference in field conditions. In laboratory conditions, the chinensis subspecies did not receive more eggs than the broccoli reference. We conclude that D. radicum largely prefers to lay eggs on the pekinensis subspecies of Chinese cabbage compared to the chinensis subspecies or broccoli. Some pekinensis cultivars, which received over ten times more eggs than broccoli in the field, appear especially promising candidates to further develop trap crop strategies against the cabbage root fly.

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