RESISTANCE AGAINST WHITE PINE WEEVIL: EFFECTS ON WEEVIL REPRODUCTION AND HOST FINDING

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Sahota ◽  
J.F. Manville ◽  
F.G. Peet ◽  
E.E. White ◽  
A.I. Ibaraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Ovarian Maturation ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevils ◽  
White Pine Weevil

AbstractFeeding on leaders of resistant Sitka spruce trees, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr., Led to ovarian regression in white pine weevils, Pissodes strobi Peck., that contained already mature eggs at the time of caging on leaders. Such feeding also led to inhibition or a virtual blockage of ovarian development in weevils that did not contain already mature eggs at the time of caging. Ovarian maturation in such weevils was restored by application of juvenile hormone to female weevils. Effects of three levels of resistance were consistent within the experiments and with the field performance of the tested clones. These results indicate that the effects of resistance were postingestive, i.e., resistance was a form of antibiosis. How antibiosis can cause the weevils to concentrate oviposition on susceptible trees is discussed. Results also provide a means of selecting and ranking resistance of individual spruce trees for tree breeding and reforestation.

Relationship between cortical resin acids and resistance of Sitka spruce to the white pine weevil

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth S. Tomlin ◽  
John H. Borden ◽  
Harold D. Pierce Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Resin Acid ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Resin Acids ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
White Pine Weevil

Cortical resin acids were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively among 10 provenances and 11 genotypes of Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis Bong (Carr.), putatively resistant to the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi (Peck), and compared with susceptible trees. Trees in 5 of the 11 resistant genotypes had significantly greater amounts of cortical resin acid than susceptible trees. Of seven individual acids analyzed, pimaric, isopimaric, levopimaric, dehydroabietic, abietic, and neoabietic acid, but not palustric acid, were found in significantly greater amounts in trees from resistant than susceptible provenances. Eighteen percent of the variation in resin acid content could be accounted for by variation in the capacity of cortical resin ducts, indicating that the other 82% of variation is a result of differences in resin acid concentration in the resin. Trees with very high resin acid levels may have a greater capacity for resinosis than susceptible trees, may deter feeding, or may produce resin that is toxic to eggs and larvae. Canonical discriminant analysis revealed that several resistant clones, particularly two from the Kitwanga provenance, could be distinguished from others on the basis of their resin acid profiles. Because it separated trees on the basis of genotype, but not according to degree of resistance, canonical discriminant analysis may be more useful in "chemotyping" trees than in screening for resistance. Keywords: Picea, cortex, resin acids, Pissodes strobi, resistance.

PREDATION BY LONCHAEA CORTICIS (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE) ON THE WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Alfaro ◽  
J. H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Granary Weevil ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
White Pine Weevil

AbstractThe predatory behavior of Lonchaea corticis Taylor on the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck, in Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr., was studied by temporal sampling and dissection of terminal leaders, and by laboratory experiments. L. corticis oviposition occurred when mining P. strobi larvae were consolidating the feeding ring, an event that segregates the weevil larvae into healthy front-feeders and weak, starving "followers." The number of L. corticis within a Sitka spruce terminal was highly correlated with the number of weak and dying P. strobi larvae, but not with healthy larvae.L. corticis larvae experimentally deprived of dead P. strobi larvae, behaved as an effective predator, consuming both weak P. strobi larvae and healthy pupae, but apparently not healthy larvae. The transition of L. corticis from second to third instar appeared to occur only after sufficient weevils had been consumed. When an excess of prey was present, L. corticis larvae consumed a mean of 2.9 P. strobi pupae over their entire life cycle. In choice experiments, L. corticis larvae searched for and located mining P. strobi larvae, and fed preferentially on P. strobi pupae rather than granary weevil pupae, Sitophilus granarius L. Under certain circumstances, L. corticis could be an important regulatory agent of P. strobi populations.

Control of white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi, on Sitka spruce using implants containing systemic insecticide

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Fraser ◽  
D. G. Heppner
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Systemic Insecticide ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Alternative Delivery ◽  
White Pine Weevil

Young Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr., trees in three stands were treated with either Gelcaps® containing oxydemeton-methyl or Acecaps® containing acephate to test their effectiveness in protecting trees from white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi (Peck) attack. All treatments were applied in late March 1989. Weevil attack was recorded in early September 1989, 1990 and 1991. Attack was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in all but one stand/treatment combination in 1989. Gelcaps provided significant protection (P < 0.01) in two of three stands after two years. Stem implants containing systemic insecticide can protect young Sitka spruce from weevil attack. Alternative delivery systems, such as the Ezect® lance, should be evaluated as they may improve the speed and lower the cost of operational treatments. Keywords: acephate, oxydemeton-methyl, stem implants, systemic insecticides, white pine weevil

ASSESSING NATURAL SELECTION IN WHITE PINE WEEVILS (PISSODES STROBI PECK) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) FOR OVERCOMING RESISTANCE IN TREES: AN EVOLUTIONARY MODEL

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Tree Resistance ◽  
Pine Weevils ◽  
Evolution Of Tolerance

AbstractAn evolutionary model was constructed for the white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck). This weevil attacks Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bongard) Carriere], and Sitka spruce trees have two forms, one being susceptible to the insect attacks and the other being resistant to attack. There is a fear that insects may develop tolerance to the resistant trees. The strategy of interplanting susceptible and resistant trees to minimize the likelihood of the insects developing tolerance mechanisms to circumvent the resistance is examined. It is found that if only one gene locus is involved, the development of tolerance occurs more quickly than if resistance is governed by two independent loci. The rate of evolution of tolerance to tree resistance is retarded by increased adult survivorship, the degree of recessiveness of the gene, preferential attack of susceptible trees, redistribution of intolerant insects from resistant to susceptible trees, and the immigration of wild-type insects.

PINE OIL, A FEEDING DETERRENT FOR THE WHITE PINE WEEVIL, PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Alfaro ◽  
J. H. Borden ◽  
L. J. Harris ◽  
W. W. Nijholt ◽  
L. H. McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Feeding Deterrent ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Feeding Bioassay ◽  
White Pine Weevil

AbstractPine oil effectively reduced feeding by the white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck, in a laboratory feeding bioassay utilizing agar discs containing dry, powdered bark of its host Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. Possible utilization of pine oil under field conditions is discussed.

Oviposition biology of Pissodes strobi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on white pine (Pinaceae) under laboratory conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Trudel ◽  
Robert Lavallée ◽  
Éric Bauce
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevil ◽  
Pine Weevils ◽  
Old Females ◽  
White Pine Weevil

AbstractStudies were conducted to document the oviposition biology of female white pine weevil, Pissodes strobi Peck. Data were recorded on female fecundity and daily feeding and oviposition activities. In addition, we compared fecundity of 1- and 2-year-old females. Female white pine weevils laid a mean ± SE total number of 132.3 ± 7.5 eggs (range 40–344 eggs) during an average oviposition period of 5.8 ± 0.4 weeks. It is during the first 5 weeks that white pine weevils lay the most eggs, with an egg-laying peak in the second week of the oviposition period. For a few females, egg production did not cease until the 22nd week. There was no difference between the number of eggs laid in the photophase and in the scotophase, but higher numbers of feeding punctures were observed during the night than during the day. The oviposition and feeding results for 2-year-old female white pine weevils were similar to those for 1-year-old females. This information contributes to the management of white pine weevils by providing a better understanding of some of the mechanisms of its population dynamics.

Conifer defense against insects: Proteome analysis of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) bark induced by mechanical wounding or feeding by white pine weevils (Pissodes strobi)

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin Lippert ◽  
Sunita Chowrira ◽  
Steven Gregory Ralph ◽  
Jun Zhuang ◽  
Dana Aeschliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Sitka Spruce ◽  
Picea Sitchensis ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Pine Weevils ◽  
Conifer Defense
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