ROOSTING, PERCHING, AND HABITAT SELECTION IN ARGIA VIVIDA HAGEN AND AMPHIAGRION ABBREVIATUM (SELYS) (ODONATA: COENAGRIONIDAE), TWO DAMSELFLIES INHABITING GEOTHERMAL SPRINGS

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Pritchard ◽  
Andrea Kortello
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Competitive Pressure ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Temperature Conductivity

AbstractAlthough Amphiagrion abbreviatum (Selys) and Argia vivida Hagen often occur at the same geothermally heated springs in western Canada and the United States, they differ markedly in their abundance at any particular site. There is no relationship between crude data on water temperature, conductivity, or aquatic vegetation and the relative abundance of the two species, but there is a striking correlation with presence or absence of trees. The absence of A. abbreviatum from heavily treed areas is associated with the paucity of suitable daytime perching sites, and there may be competitive pressure exerted by A. vivida for the perching sites that are available. Argia vivida does not live at open sites because it requires trees for night-time roosts. Argia vivida roosted higher than A. abbreviatum in cages and held the body at a greater angle from the cage wall. The roosting posture of A. vivida is probably related to interception of solar radiation in the morning, and the body positions of both species possibly provide defence against predation.

Hunting the eagle killer: A cyanobacterial neurotoxin causes vacuolar myelinopathy

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6536) ◽  
pp. eaax9050
Author(s):  
Steffen Breinlinger ◽  
Tabitha J. Phillips ◽  
Brigette N. Haram ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
José A. Martínez Yerena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Bald Eagles ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species

Vacuolar myelinopathy is a fatal neurological disease that was initially discovered during a mysterious mass mortality of bald eagles in Arkansas in the United States. The cause of this wildlife disease has eluded scientists for decades while its occurrence has continued to spread throughout freshwater reservoirs in the southeastern United States. Recent studies have demonstrated that vacuolar myelinopathy is induced by consumption of the epiphytic cyanobacterial species Aetokthonos hydrillicola growing on aquatic vegetation, primarily the invasive Hydrilla verticillata. Here, we describe the identification, biosynthetic gene cluster, and biological activity of aetokthonotoxin, a pentabrominated biindole alkaloid that is produced by the cyanobacterium A. hydrillicola. We identify this cyanobacterial neurotoxin as the causal agent of vacuolar myelinopathy and discuss environmental factors—especially bromide availability—that promote toxin production.

Comparative Funeral Practices

1969 ◽  
Vol os-16 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Vanderlyn R. Pine
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Religious Ritual ◽  
Funeral Practices ◽  
Funeral Practice

By comparing funeral practices in Bali, Japan, Russia, England, and the United States, the author shows that funeral practices are designed to provide socially sanctioned solutions to deep psychological needs at the time of bereavement. Suggested universal features of funeral practice across cultures include the provision of social support for the bereaved, religious ritual, funeral expenditure, sanitary disposal of the body, visual confrontation, and the funeral procession, which is generally conceived as a family parade.

scholarly journals First Report of Phytophthora infestans Genotype US23 Causing Late Blight in Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 873-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Kawchuk ◽  
R. J. Howard ◽  
R. D. Peters ◽  
K. I. Al-Mughrabi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Metalaxyl Sensitivity ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Late blight is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary and is one of the most devastating diseases of potato and tomato. Late blight occurs in all major potato- and tomato-growing regions of Canada. Its incidence in North America increased during 2009 and 2010 (2). Foliar disease symptoms appeared earlier than usual (June rather than July) and coincided with the identification of several new P. infestans genotypes in the United States, each with unique characteristics. Prior to 2007, isolates collected from potato and tomato crops were mainly US8 or US11 genotypes (1). However, P. infestans populations in the United States have recently experienced a major genetic evolution, producing isolates with unique genotypes and epidemiological characteristics in Florida and throughout the northeastern states (2). Recent discoveries of tomato transplants with late blight for sale at Canadian retail outlets prompted an examination of the genotypes inadvertently being distributed and causing disease in commercial production areas in Canada. Analysis of isolates of P. infestans from across Canada in 2010 identified the US23 genotype for the first time from each of the four western provinces (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia) but not from eastern Canada. Allozyme banding patterns at the glucose phosphate isomerase (Gpi) locus indicated a 100/100 profile consistent with US6 and US23 genotypes (4). Mating type assays confirmed the isolates to be A1 and in vivo metalaxyl sensitivity was observed. Restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis of 50 isolates from western Canada with the multilocus RG57 sequence and EcoRI produced the DNA pattern 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24, 24a, 25 that was indicative of US23 (3). The recently described P. infestans genotype US23 appears to be more aggressive on tomato, and although isolates were recovered from both tomato and potato, disease symptoms were often more severe on tomato. Results indicate that movement and evolution of new P. infestans genotypes have contributed to the increased incidence of late blight and that movement of the pathogen on retail plantlets nationally and internationally may provide an additional early season source of inoculum. A major concern is that the introduced new A1 populations in western Canada have established a dichotomy with the endogenous A2 populations in eastern Canada, increasing the potential for sexual recombination producing oospores and additional genotypes should these populations merge. References: (1) Q. Chen et al. Am. J. Potato Res. 80:9, 2003. (2) K. Deahl. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 100(suppl.):S161, 2010. (3) S. B. Goodwin et al. Curr. Genet. 22:107, 1992. (4) S. B. Goodwin et al. Phytopathology 88:939, 2004.

The future of maternity wear: Generation Z's expectations of dressing for pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Anne Weigle ◽  
Laura McAndrews
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate Generation Z's physical expectations of being pregnant and their outlook for maternity wear shopping.Design/methodology/approachFemales in this cohort (n = 207) participated in an online survey that included questions about perceptions of pregnancy, physical self-concept and forecasted shopping behaviors.FindingsResults indicated that this group is concerned with physical changes of pregnancy and expect to treat each area of the body in a different way. Women's expected physical concerns of pregnancy predict how much they anticipate accentuating their pregnant body. Gen Z anticipates wearing loose maternity garments and they envision a thoughtful, in-store shopping experience for styles that are equally fashionable and comfortable, such as dresses.Research limitations/implicationsThis study should be extended to future generational cohorts like Generation Alpha, along with Gen Z outside of the United States and women in the United States who are non-white. Further studies should take a longitudinal approach to gauge changes in this cohort's expectations as they progress through pregnancy.Practical implicationsThis paper provides maternity wear retail brands and designers a foundation for product development and marketing geared toward this large cohort.Originality/valueThe study is the first to inquire about Gen Z's outlook on pregnancy, specifically their envisioned changes to each body area and the role of maternity garments to fulfill needs and concerns.

John Muir and the Roots of American Environmentalism

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Worster
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Early America ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
John Muir ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Almost All

In the wild garden of an early America there coiled and crawled the devil’s own plenty of poisonous vipers—cottonmouths, copperheads, coral snakes, the whole nasty family of rattlers and sidewinders. A naturalist roaming far from the settlements regularly ran the risk of a fatal snake bite. Fortunately, he was reassured by the field experts of the day, the deadly reptile always furnishes its own antidote. It conceals itself in the very plants whose roots can counteract its poison, plants like the so-called “Indian snakeroot.” As the viper sank its sharp fangs into your leg, you simply pulled up the roots of that plant, quickly chewed them down, and laughed in the viper’s face. You were instantly immune. How many backwoods naturalists and hunters died from believing that bit of advice is not known. Science, ever improving its hypotheses, now suggests carrying a snakebite kit in your pack or calling in a helicopter. But before we dismiss the old advice as completely foolish, we might ask whether it might not have had some useful, genuine logic in it. Sometimes the remedy for wounds does indeed lie near at hand among the shrubs and weeds in which the reptile lives; and sometimes dangerous forces do indeed suggest, or even contain, their own antidote. Take, for instance, the case of North America’s continuing environmental degradation. What we humans have done over the past five hundred years to maim this continent and tear apart its fabric of life is in large degree the consequence of the Judeo-Christian religious ethos and its modern secular offspring—science, industrial capitalism, and technology. I would put almost all the blame on the modern secular offspring, but I have to agree that religion too has been a deadly viper that has left its marks on the body of nature. Paradoxically, I would add what no one else seems to have noticed: an Indian snakeroot for this venom has appeared in the reptile’s own nest. The antidote for environmental destruction has been a movement called environmentalism and that movement has, in the United States, owed much of its program, temperament, and drive to the influence of Protestantism.

“Guard Your Heart!”

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-150
Author(s):  
Katherine Dugan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Family Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Ethics ◽  
Humanae Vitae ◽  
Theology Of The Body ◽  
The Us ◽  
Personal Ethics

This chapter examines missionaries’ romantic relationships and argues that the way these young adults date, marry, and procreate shapes their position in the US Catholic landscape. These emerging adults develop wide-ranging and gendered interpretations of chastity. They discipline themselves and their co-missionaries to follow Catholic dictums articulated in Humanae Vitae and Pope John Paul II's Theology of the Body More than personal ethics, however, this chapter posits that missionaries’ practices of Catholic romance are part of their pro-life politics. How and why these Catholic millennials embody the transitions from singlehood to family life proclaims their proud, dynamically orthodox Catholic alternative to contemporary sexual ethics in the United States.

scholarly journals Making the Body Electric: The Politics of Body-Worn Cameras and Facial Recognition in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Hood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
Rapid Deployment

This paper explores the rapid deployment of police body-worn cameras (BWCs) and the subsequent push for the integration of biometric technologies (i.e., facial recognition) into these devices. To understand the political dangers of these technologies, I outline the concept of “making the body electric” to provide a critical language for cultural practices of identifying, augmenting, and fixing the body through technological means. Further, I argue how these practices reinforce normative understandings of the body and its political functionality, specifically with BWCs and facial recognition. I then analyze the rise of BWCs in a cultural moment of high-profile police violence against unarmed people of color in the United States. In addition to examining the ethics of BWCs, I examine the politics of facial recognition and the dangers that this form of biometric surveillance pose for marginalized groups, arguing against the interface of these two technologies. The pairing of BWCs with facial recognition presents a number of sociopolitical dangers that reinforce the privilege of perspective granted to police in visual understandings of law enforcement activity. It is the goal of this paper to advance critical discussion of BWCs and biometric surveillance as mechanisms for leveraging political power and racial marginalization.

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