EVALUATION OF MONOSODIUM METHANE ARSENATE FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLES, HYLURGOPINUS RUFIPES (EICHHOFF) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Pines ◽  
A.R. Westwood
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
Ophiostoma Ulmi ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

AbstractThe native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichhoff), is the major vector of Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Nannf., in Manitoba. The herbicide Glowon™, monosodium methane arsenate (MSMA), was applied to a chainsaw cut in American elm, Ulmus americana L., tree stems to determine if the treated elms would become effective trap trees for H. rufipes. Three treatments were compared: treated with herbicide and girdled, girdled, and control. All herbicide-treated elms died within 18 days after application. Significantly higher numbers (P < 0.01) of native elm bark beetles were attracted to the herbicided elms, compared with the other treatments. Beetles bred only in the elms treated with herbicide. Of the total brood galleries constructed, 72% had no egg hatch while the remaining 28% had larval tunnels. Progeny adults emerged from less than 1% of the larval tunnels. MSMA application could supplement the Dutch elm disease management program in Manitoba.

scholarly journals A Mark-recapture Technique for the Dutch Elm Disease Vector the Native Elm Bark Beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Irene Pines ◽  
Richard Westwood
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Fluorescent Powder ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

Six mark-recapture experiments were conducted in Manitoba, Canada, to determine the effectiveness of fluorescent powder to mark emerging native elm bark beetle adults, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichoff) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), the vector of Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi (Brazier), after departure from overwintering sites in spring and emergence from broodwood in summer. Native elm bark beetles marked themselves on emergence from overwintering sites and summer trap logs. The spring and summer periods of flight activity for unmarked and marked beetles were similar. Marked beetles were captured over 1 month after peak emergence in the spring and 2 months after emergence from trap logs in the summer. Marked beetles were captured up to 1 km (0.6 mi) from release sites. Where integrated Dutch elm disease management activities are implemented in buffer zones to minimize the number of elm bark beetles entering community urban forests, buffer zones should be a minimum of 1 km (0.6 mi) in width.

SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF THE NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE, HYLURGOPINUS RUFIPES, IN CENTRAL ONTARIO (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

AbstractDaily trapping of native elm bark beetles, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.), in central Ontario showed that the population is divided into fairly discrete overwintering adult and larval groups. Group proportions depend on the stage of development of the local beetle infestation and disease infection. Both beetles and disease are spread by mass movement of beetles, in late summer and fall, in search of living elm trees in which to feed and overwinter.

TRAPPING ELM BARK BEETLES IN THE CITY OF WINNIPEG, WITH A NEW RECORD FOR SCOLYTUS MULTISTRIATUS, (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN MANITOBA

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Buth ◽  
R. A. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
South Central ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Primary Vector ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
The City

The first outbreak of Dutch elm disease in Manitoba was recorded in 1975 in Brandon, Selkirk, and Winnipeg (Hildahl 1977). The primary vector of the disease in Canada is the native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.). The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.), is considered the primary vector in most of the United States. In Canada, the latter species occurs throughout most of southern Ontario, parts of south-central Quebec, and has been recorded in New Bmnswick (Sterner et al. 1976).

STRIDULATION AND ASSOCIATED BEHAVIOR OF THE NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE HYLURGOPINUS RUFIPES (EICHHOFF) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Swedenborg ◽  
Richard L. Jones ◽  
Lee C. Ryker
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Resident Male ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Attractive Female ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

AbstractMale native elm bark beetles, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichhoff), had distinctive simple multipulse stress and rivalry chirps, and a bimodally patterned premating stridulation at the gallery site. Males were strongly arrested at attractive female galleries. Not all female galleries were attractive to males. For a short period after the arrival of the first (resident) male, conspecific males often contested the resident male. Stridulation by females was not detected.

Barrier zone formation in host and nonhost trees inoculated with Ophiostoma ulmi. I. Anatomy and histochemistry

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2055-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Rioux ◽  
G. B. Ouellette
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Ophiostoma Ulmi ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Zone Cell ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Barrier Zone

Barrier zone formation was studied in small branches of Ulmus americana L., Prunus pensylvanica L.f., and Populus balsamifera L. following inoculation with Ophiostoma ulmi (Buism.) Nannf. (the Dutch elm disease pathogen). Barrier zones were continuous in the nonhosts whereas they were generally discontinuous in U. americana; barrier zone formation also occurred at a later stage of infection in the latter than in the former. Barrier zones were formed of parenchyma cells and fibers in U. americana, mainly of parenchyma cells in Prunus pensylvanica, and of fibers in Populus balsamifera. Fibers as a principal component of barrier zones are described for the first time. Histochemical tests revealed that the proportion of lignin was higher in barrier zone cell walls than in elements of the noninvaded xylem. Barrier zones contained suberized cells, the number of which was progressively greater in the order U. americana, Prunus pensylvanica, and Populus balsamifera. However, many fibers of U. americana occasionally formed a continuous barrier zone and had an internal layer that was slightly suberized. In addition, phenolic compounds were usually detected within barrier zone cells of these species. Key words: Dutch elm disease, nonhost plants, Ophiostoma ulmi, Ulmus americana, anatomy, histochemistry.

Hylurgopinus rufipes. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.) (Hylastes rufipes[Hylurgopinus rufipes] Eichh.) (Col., Scolytidae) (Native Elm Bark Beetle). Host Plants: Ulmus spp. (A vector of Dutch Elm Disease) Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

Ceratocystis ulmi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Scolytus Scolytus ◽  
Root Grafts ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Marked Resistance

Abstract A description is provided for Ceratocystis ulmi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Ulmus spp., Zelkova serrara; U. glabra and U. americana are highly susceptible, U. procera is susceptible, while Asian elms, U. parvifolia, U. pumila and U. pumila pennato-ramosa, have marked resistance. Zelkova serrata is highly susceptible; the reactions of other species of Zelkova are not known. DISEASE: Dutch Elm Disease. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (throughout, to a northern limit in central Scotland, central Norway, central Sweden. Absent from north Russia). N. America (eastern Canada, central and eastern USA) (CMI Map 36, ed. 4, 1970). TRANSMISSION: By the bark beetles Scolytus scolytus, S. multistriatus and (in N. America) by Hylurgopinus rufipes. The fungus fruits in the larval galleries and spores are carried internally and externally to young shoots where beetles emerge and migrate. Infection of the vessels, which leads to the disease, takes place during the period before breeding, when the beetles feed, cutting grooves and boring in the thin bark of twigs. Transmission by root grafts is known (15, 266) and direct infection by airborne spores is theoretically possible but does not take place under natural conditions.

scholarly journals Molecular and cellular aspects of Dutch elm disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Sticklen ◽  
M.G. Bolyard ◽  
R.K. Hajela ◽  
L.C. Dufresne
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Biochemical Level ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

The folio wing review gives an overview of current research in the area of molecular and cellular interactions in Dutch elm disease. This vascular wilt disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma ulmi and is transmitted from diseased to healthy trees by the elm bark beetles. Fungal toxins are described which are associated with pathogenesis, one of which, ceratoulmin, is under investigation at the molecular level, particularly regarding its mode of action and localization. The fungus has also been examined at the molecular level to differentiate between aggressive and non-aggressive isolates on the basis of protein and nucleic acid profiles. Genetic linkage maps are being developed to correlate disruption of certain genes with the loss of pathogenicity. Viral and bacterial antagonists of the fungus, which may serve as biological control mechanisms for Dutch elm disease, have been characterized, as have several of the active molecules responsible for control. Host responses are also discussed at the molecular and biochemical level, including phytoalexins and defense mechanism elicitors. Several Unes of investigation are discussed to provide an overview of molecular approaches to understanding and manipulating the organisms involved with the ultimate goal of controlling Dutch elm disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document