GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHORISTONEURA SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) FEEDING ON ABIES, PICEA, AND PSEUDOTSUGA IN WESTERN CANADA AND ALASKA

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Shepherd ◽  
T.G. Gray ◽  
G.T. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Baited Traps

AbstractMale moths of Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, C. biennis Freeman, C. fumiferana (Clemens), and C. orae Freeman were caught in pheromone-baited traps. Ten traps were placed at each site, five baited with an aldehyde lure and five with an acetate lure. This procedure permitted separation of species based on the specific chemical lure and also provided specimens for further study of morphological and isozyme differences. The color of the forewings, presence or absence of spicules on the aedeagus, and a specific allozyme frequency were determined on selected specimens where these characteristics were useful in separating species at a particular site. Distributions of all species were more extensive than previously known, sometimes adding hundreds of kilometres to the recorded range. Areas of sympatry were identified and the fidelity and usefulness of characteristics for separating species in areas of overlap were discussed.

Inonotus weirii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Pegler
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Ring Rot ◽  
Infected Material ◽  
Root Contact

Abstract A description is provided for Inonotus weirii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Abies amabilis, A. grandis, A. lasiocarpa, Chamaecyparis spp., Larix occidentalis, Picea engelmannii, P. sitchensis, Pinus contorta, P. monticola, P. ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla. DISEASE: Laminated butt rot and yellow ring rot of conifers. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (Western Canada, Oregon, Washington); Japan. TRANSMISSION: The disease is spread by root contact with infected material in the soil; there appears to be little spread of the fungus by growth through the soil. It is likely that infection of freshly exposed wounds takes place through airborne basidiospores.

Alternaria cichorii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. David
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Cichorium Endivia ◽  
Airborne Conidia

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria cichorii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cichorium endivia L. (Endive); Cichorium intybus L. (Cichory) and Lactuca sativa L. (Lettuce), all members of the tribe Lactuceae (Cichorieae), Asteraceae. It has recently been reported (69, 1978) as occurring on Acroptilion repens, a member of the Cynareae, growing as a weed in western Canada. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Endive and Cichory. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Egypt. North America: Canada, USA (Florida). South America: Argentina (52, 544). Asia: India, New Guinea, Pakistan. Europe: Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Greece, Italy, Slovenia. TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of airborne conidia.

EFFECT OF TEMPORAL FACTORS ON REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION BETWEEN CHORISTONEURA OCCIDENTALIS AND C. RETINIANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 991-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Liebhold ◽  
W. Jan A. Volney
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Male Attraction ◽  
South Central ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
Temporal Factors

AbstractThe seasonal distributions of Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman and C. retiniana (Walsingham) males attracted to pheromone sources overlapped considerably at two sites in south-central Oregon. Bimodality in the seasonal distributions of trapped males of both species was associated with a period of cool weather. The daily periods of female calling, and attraction of males to female-baited traps and to chemically baited traps overlapped greatly between the two species. However, these three aspects of C. occidentalis mating behavior began 1–2 h before those of C. retiniana. Under laboratory conditions, there was also considerable overlap in the calling periods of the two species; but again, C. occidentalis females initiated calling slightly earlier than did female C. retiniana. Females of both species continued to call many hours past the cessation of male attraction to pheromones in the field. Male attraction to pheromones occurred earlier on cool evenings than on warm evenings. Laboratory studies indicated a similar effect of temperature on timing of female calling. Little intraspecific variation in calling periodicity was observed among field-collected populations of each species. However, a C. occidentalis laboratory colony appeared to have partially lost its circadian rhythm of calling.

THE USE OF MONOTERPENES AS KAIROMONES BY IPS LATIDENS (LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Miller ◽  
J.H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ips Latidens ◽  
Differential Responses ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractThe responses of Ips latidens (LeConte) to multiple-funnel traps baited with various monoterpenes were determined in stands of lodgepole pine in British Columbia. β-Phellandrene was attractive to I. latidens in the absence of the pheromone ipsenol. β-Phellandrene increased the attraction of I. latidens to ipsenol-baited traps while α-pinene, 3-carene, terpinolene, and myrcene reduced trap catches. Differential responses by males and females to sources of ipsenol with or without β-phellandrene suggest that the information conveyed to males differs from that conveyed to females. Species-specific responses to monoterpenes by I. latidens and three sympatric species of scolytids suggest that unique combinations of kairomones could be important in facilitating matings with conspecifics. Pheromones need not be the sole constituent of species-specific chemical messages.

RECORDS OF BUMBLEBEES FROM ALBERTA, CANADA. (BREMIDAE: HYM.)

1928 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 236-238
Author(s):  
Theodore H. Frison
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
The State ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Western North America ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Way

Few political areas in North America offer so much in the way of interest and instruction to the student of the geographical distribution of bumblebees as the Province of Alberta in western Canada. This is due not only to the fact that extremes in elevation between certain portions of Alberta bring together species of pronounced northern and southern tendencies, a condition duplicated in many parts of western North America, but likewise to the fact that Alberta is a meeting ground of species with decided eastern and western affinities. A somewhat similar state of affairs, though less marked, occurs in the Dakotas as attested by a study of approximately 900 specimens of bumblebees from South Dakota submitted to me for determination by Professor H. C. Severin and recorded by him in the “Sixteenth Annual Report of the State Entomologist of South Dakota,” 1925, pp. 17-20.

Ecology and biogeography in the introduction to “De bestiis marinis” by Georg Wilhelm Steller

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Stefano Mattioli
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Modern Biology

The rediscovery of the original, unedited Latin manuscript of Georg Wilhelm Steller's “De bestiis marinis” (“On marine mammals”), first published in 1751, calls for a new translation into English. The main part of the treatise contains detailed descriptions of four marine mammals, but the introduction is devoted to more general issues, including innovative speculation on morphology, ecology and biogeography, anticipating arguments and concepts of modern biology. Steller noted early that climate and food have a direct influence on body size, pelage and functional traits of mammals, potentially affecting reversible changes (phenotypic plasticity). Feeding and other behavioural habits have an impact on the geographical distribution of mammals. Species with a broad diet tend to have a wide distribution, whereas animals with a narrow diet more likely have only a restricted range. According to Steller, both sea and land then still concealed countless animals unknown to science.

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