FECUNDITY OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Laboratory Colonies

Egg-laying data are available for laboratory colonies of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Bariola 1969; Khattat and Stewart 1977; Fleischer and Gaylor 1988), but there is no information on egg-laying for females from field populations in Canada. This paper presents egg-laying data for field-collected, overwintered and first-generation females of L. lineolaris from southern Manitoba in 1990 through 1992.

Inbreeding effects among inbred and outbred laboratory colonies of Peromyscus maniculatus

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Ribble ◽  
John S. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Outbreeding Depression ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Laboratory Colonies ◽  
And Control

We examined the effects of sibling matings upon reproductive performance among inbred and outbred laboratory colonies of Peromyscus maniculatus. The inbred colony was founded by 12 females collected from one locality in Alberta and bred for 20 generations, with 35–45 pairs each generation. The outbred colony consisted of first-generation mice born of wild-caught females from diverse areas in Alberta. Consistent with theoretical expectations, there were no differences in reproductive performance between sibling and control (outbred) pairs within the inbred colony of mice. In contrast, sibling pairs had significantly fewer young per litter than control pairs within the outbred colony. Reproductive performance measures (proportion breeding, days from pairing to first litter, number of litters, and total number of offspring produced) were also significantly lower among sibling pairs from the outbred colony than among sibling pairs from the inbred colony. Lastly, we predicted that reproductive performance of the control pairs from the outbred colony would be less than that of control pairs from the inbred colony, due to outbreeding depression. Contrary to our predictions, average litter survival rates were greatest among the outbred colony control pairs. We suggest that the benefits of inbreeding or outbreeding extend broadly across the inbreeding–outbreeding continuum in natural populations of northern Peromyscus.

scholarly journals Eggs of the Blind Snake,Liotyphlops albirostris, Are Incubated in a Nest of the Lower Fungus-Growing Ant,  Apterostigmacf.goniodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspar Bruner ◽  
Hermógenes Fernández-Marín ◽  
Justin C. Touchon ◽  
William T. Wcislo
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Lower Fungus ◽  
Lower Vertebrates ◽  
Optimal Oviposition ◽  
Small Colony ◽  
Laboratory Colonies ◽  
Fungus Growing Ants ◽  
Central Panama ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Parental care is rare in most lower vertebrates. By selecting optimal oviposition sites, however, mothers can realize some benefits often associated with parental care. We found three ovoid reptilian eggs within a mature nest of a relatively basal fungus-growing ant,Apterostigmacf.goniodes(Attini), in central Panama. In laboratory colonies,A.cf.goniodesworkers attended and cared for the eggs. Two blind snakes,Liotyphlops albirostris(Anomalepididae), successfully hatched, which is the first rearing record for this species. The ants did not disturb the snakes, and the snakes did not eat the ants; we found no ants in the dissected stomachs of the snakes. We review other associations between nesting fungus-growing ants and egg-laying vertebrates, which together suggest that attine nests may provide a safe, environmentally buffered location for oviposition, even in basal attine taxa with relatively small colony sizes.

SYNCHRONY BETWEEN POPULATIONS OF THE TARNISHED PLANT BUG, LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS) (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE), AND ITS EGG PARASITOIDS IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Robin K. Stewart ◽  
Guy Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Tarnished Plant Bug ◽  
Coronilla Varia ◽  
Adult Parasitoid ◽  
Anaphes Iole

AbstractThe seasonal occurrence of four species of egg parasitoids of the tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris) was determined in three different habitais: fields of mixed weeds. alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). and crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) in southwestern Quebec in 1991 and 1992. Parasitoids studied were the mymarids Anaphes iole Girault, Polynema pratensiphagum (Walley), and Erythmelus miridiphagus Dozier and a scelionid, Telenomus sp. Adult populations of these parasitoids showed three or four population peaks in all habitats throughout the season. Adult parasitoid activity started during the first egg-laying period of L. lineolaris at a temperature accumulation of 73 degree-days (DD). The overwintering period began in mid-October at 1277 and 1058 DD for 1991 and 1992, respectively. All the parasitoids had a strong synchrony with L. lineolaris populations; specifically, marked peaks in the adult population of all species were in synchrony with the egg-laying periods of L. lineolaris.

scholarly journals Parameters of the seasonal cycle of Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) in the plains and foothills of the Northwestern Caucasus

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-128
Author(s):  
В.И. Щуров ◽  
А.С. Замотайлов
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
The Third ◽  
Female Immigrant ◽  
Northwestern Caucasus

Развитие первой генерации Corythucha arcuata в предгорьях и низкогорьях Северо-Западного Кавказа начинается в первых числах мая. При нижнем пороге пост-диапаузного развития имаго +11°С и при естественной длине дня ей требуется не менее 43 суток (аккумуляция 333-404 гр.-дн.). Гибель перезимовавших самок в этой зоне наблюдается к концу июня, совпадая с сокращением общей доли самок до 2-7%. В высокогорьях перезимовавшие имаго расселяются и в июне, доживая до июля на ивах и березах. Пик выхода имаго первого поколения приходится на конец июня. Массовая яйцекладка самками первого поколения (начало второго поколения) предваряется миграцией оплодотворенных самок на новые кормовые растения. Развитие преимагиальных стадий второго поколения (без смены кормовых растений) протекает с середины июня. Метаморфоз длится не менее 16-23 суток (361-430 гр.-дн.). Пик выхода имаго второго поколения в конце июля совпадает с массовым расселением, в котором всегда преобладают самки. Третье поколение развивается в августе. Метаморфоз занимает 19-28 суток (329-350 гр.-дн.). Пик выхода имаго третьего поколения приходится на первую декаду сентября. Его предваряет более ранний выход самцов, определяемый по их локальным и региональным миграциями с конца августа. Четвертое поколение является факультативным и развивается (без смены кормовых растений) с конца августа до третьей декады сентября. Развитие преимагиальных стадий этого поколения занимает не менее 26 суток (378 гр.-дн.). Последняя миграция клопов наблюдается в начале-середине октября. Самки третьего поколения первыми уходят в места зимовки в предгорьях и низкогорьях уже в середине сентября. Здесь, в дубовых лесах, зимуют имаго третьего и четвертого поколений обычно с преобладанием самок. В среднегорьях с ними могут зимовать особи-иммигранты второго поколения, но с преобладанием самцов, сохраняющимся с сентября. Development of the first generation of Corythucha arcuata in the climate of the foothills and lowlands of the Northwest Caucasus starts in the early May. With a natural day length and the threshold for post-diapause imago development of 11 °C, it requires 333-404 degree-days and at least 43 days. The death of the overwintered females in this zone is observed by the end of June, coinciding with the reduction of the total portion of females to 2-7%. In the highlands imagoes are dispersing in June as well, surviving until July on willows and birch trees. Peak of the first-generation imago outcome occurs at the end of June. Migration of fertilized females of the first generation to new forage plants is followed by mass egg laying (i.e. beginning of the second generation). During the formation of large nests in the foothills, the flight of bugs is observed even in treeless highlands. Development of the preadult stages of the second generation (without changing feed plants) takes place starting at mid-June. Metamorphosis requires 361-430 degree-days and takes at least 16-23 days. The peak of the emergence of the second generation imagoes at the end of July coincides with their dispersal, which is also dominated by females. The third generation develops in August. It requires 329-350 degree-days and takes 19-28 days. The peak of the emergence of the G3 imagoes falls on the first third of September. It is preceded by anearlier emergence of males, determined by their mass local and regional migrations since the end of August. The fourth generation is obligated and develops (without changing feed plants) from the end of August to the end of September. It requires at least 378 degree-days and takes at least 26 days. Late nymphs resulting from female immigrant of the third generation (on new trees) give imagoes only by mid-October. The last migration of bugs is observed in early to mid-October. Imagoes of the third and fourth generations with the predominance of females hibernate in the oak forests of the foothills and low-mountain. In the midlands they may be accompanied by the overwintering immigrants of the second generation, with the predominance of males, formed in September.

SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND NUMBER OF GENERATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS AND L. BOREALIS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Gerber ◽  
I.L. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe seasonal occurrence and number of generations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) were studied on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), everbearing strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in field plots at Winnipeg, Manitoba, and in commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields throughout the agricultural areas of Manitoba in 1990–1993. Lygus borealis (Kelton) was studied only during 1993. Lygus lineolaris had two non-overlapping generations in southern Manitoba. Overwintered adults migrated onto host plants during die first 3 weeks of May, and females containing chorionated eggs were found in relatively small numbers for 5–6 weeks until the last 3 weeks of June. First-generation nymphs were present from the last half of May until the last half of July. During the last 2 weeks of June, the overwintered adults disappeared suddenly and were replaced completely by first-generation adults. First-generation adults eclosed during the last 2 weeks of June and in July, and first-generation females containing chorionated eggs were present for about 6–7 weeks until mid-August. Second-generation nymphs first appeared in late July or early August and most completed development by the end of September. Second-generation adults were found from the first half of August until they hibernated in October and November. Most second-generation females contained previtellogenic eggs and. therefore, were in reproductive diapause. In 3 of the 4 years, the overwintered adults appeared to include all second-generation adults plus 0–20% of the first-generation adults. The data from commercial alfalfa and oilseed rape fields indicated that the seasonal occurrence of L. lineolaris was relatively uniform in most or all agricultural areas of Manitoba. Lygus lineolaris has one generation (the second generation) on oilseed rape, and the eclosion and dispersal of reproductively active first-generation adults were well synchronized with the bud and flower stages of this host plant in southern Manitoba. In 1993, L. borealis had two generations and its seasonal occurrence was similar to that of L. lineolaris.

Reproductive phenology of Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) in northern New Zealand pastures

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Barker ◽  
R. A. Prestidge ◽  
R. P. Pottinger
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Reproductive Maturity ◽  
The North ◽  
Listronotus Bonariensis

AbstractThe reproductive phenology of Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) in the north of North Island, New Zealand, was studied by dissection of adults collected at intervals from several sites. First-generation adults exhibited reproductive development and activity, followed by gonad atrophication and death. Most second-generation adults entered directly into oligopause in the autumn. Some early emergent weevils of this generation oviposited before onset of winter and reproductive dormancy. Oligopause was not intense, and reproductive maturity was gradually attained over the winter, with resumption of egg laying in early spring. These results are discussed in relation to population reproductive biology and survival.

DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT AND NYMPHAL POPULATIONS OF LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS), L. ELISUS VAN DUZEE, AND L. BOREALIS (KELTON) (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) IN RELATION TO SEEDING DATE AND STAGE OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT ON CANOLA (BRASSICACEAE) IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Leferink ◽  
G.H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractThe development of adult and nymphal populations of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), L. elisus Van Duzee, and L. borealis (Kelton) was studied in relation to seeding date and stage of plant development in four seedings of canola (cv. Westar) in field plots at Glenlea, Manitoba, in 1988 and 1989. Lygus lineolaris was the dominant species in all seedings and in both years. Colonizing adults (first-generation adults) of the three Lygus spp. first invaded the plots at about the same time from the late rosette to the early flowering stages of plant development, and Lygus adult numbers reached maxima during flowering in all seedings. The stage of plant development, and not seeding date, was important in attracting colonizing adults of Lygus to canola. Second-generation nymphs first appeared at the flowering stage of canola. All nymphal instars reached maxima and median abundances during the late flowering and pod development stages in all seedings. Second-generation adults were present from early to late pod development stages. Median abundances of second-generation adults of L. lineolaris, L. elisus, and L. borealis usually were reached at the same plant growth stage in each seeding.

scholarly journals BT Corn Performance Against First- and Second-Generation Infestations of European Corn Borer, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
K. R. Ostlie ◽  
K. M. Helgeson
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Neonate Larvae

Abstract Six transgenic corn hybrids expressing insecticidal proteins produced by genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) were evaluated at the Rosemount Experiment Station in separate experiments that targeted first and second generations. The hybrids representing 5 different insertion events, and their non-Bt isolines were evaluated in a RCB design with tour replications. Test hybrids were planted in the center 2 rows of a 4-row plot (22 ft long, 30-inch row spacing). Border rows were planted to NK 4640Bt to preclude inter-plot movement of larvae. Plots were planted on 21 May using a cone planter and thinned to 30,000 plants/A. In view of extensive natural first generation infestation, the second-generation experiment was treated with Warrier 1 E (zeta cypermethrin) @ 3.8 fl oz/acre on 15 Jul. In each plot, 15 consecutive plants were tested for Bt expression and non-expressers were rogued on 29 Jul. The plants intended for first generation evaluation were infested at the V6 with neonate larvae in grits deposited in the whorl on 14 Jul. Heavy natural egg laying from second generation eliminated the need for manually infesting second-generation plots. First generation evaluations included: number and length of tunnels on 21 Aug and % of plants with leaf injury and a leaf injury rating on 24 Sep. On 9 Oct the second generation measurements were recorded: number of overwintering larvae, tunnel number and length, and shank and ear damage.

Field evaluation of the suitability of four Brassica and two Sinapis species (Brassicaceae) as host plants of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Lygus Lineolaris ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Field Plots

The relative suitability of Sinapis alba L., Sinapis arvensis L., Brassica carinata A. Braun, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern, Brassica napus L., and Brassica rapa L. as host plants for Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) was measured by comparing the numbers of colonizing adults (first generation), nymphs (second generation), and new-generation adults (second generation) on these species in field plots during flowering and seed development in July and August 1994. The mean numbers of first-generation adults and second-generation nymphs were not significantly different on the six species of Brassica and Sinapis. The mean number of second-generation adults differed significantly on these species, but the differences were relatively small. The results indicate that the six species of Brassica and Sinapis tested are suitable host plants of L. lineolaris and have similar levels of suitability. Key words: Insecta, Miridae, Lygus lineolaris, host plants, Brassica, Sinapis

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