SECONDARY EFFECTS OF CANOPY DIEBACK: THE EPIGEAL CARABID FAUNA IN QUÉBEC APPALACHIAN MAPLE FORESTS

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martel ◽  
Y. Mauffette ◽  
S. Tousignant
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Negative Response ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractThe impact of canopy dieback on the activity and diversity of epigeal Carabidae was studied during the summers of 1987 and 1988 in 18 maple stands in southeastern Québec, using pitfall traps. A canopy thinning index (CTI) based on severity and incidence of dieback, and on tree basal area was calculated for each of the 72 stations sampled. An analysis of variance shows that canopy dieback had a significant effect on carabid beetle activity in 1988. The CTI was negatively correlated with the carabid species richness and diversity in 1988. The number of individuals caught per station was negatively correlated with the CTI for all species combined, except for the dominant Pterostichus coracinus Newm. in 1988. These results indicate a negative response of carabid beetles to canopy dieback in 1988; the climate may have tempered the effects of dieback in 1987.

scholarly journals Kettle Holes in the Agrarian Landscape: Isolated and Ecological Unique Habitats for Carabid Beetles (Col.: Carabidae) and Spiders (Arach.: Araneae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Platen ◽  
Thomas Kalettka ◽  
Christian Ulrichs
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Depressional Wetlands ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Kettle Hole ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Kettle holes are small depressional wetlands and because of the high variability of site factors they are potential hotspots of biodiversity in the monotone arable land. We investigated eight kettle holes and two agrarian reference biotopes for carabid beetles and spiders. The animals were captured with pitfall traps from May to August 2005, along with surveys of the soil and vegetation. We asked whether each kettle hole has specific ecological properties which match with characteristic carabid beetle and spider coenoses and whether they represent isolated biotopes. Differences in the composition of ecological and functional groups of carabid beetles and spiders between the plots were tested with an ANOVA. The impact of the soil variables and vegetation structure on the distribution of species was analyzed with a Redundancy Analysis. The assemblage similarities between the kettle hole plots were calculated by the Wainstein-Index. Ecological groups and habitat preferences of carabid beetles had maximal expressions in seven different kettle holes whereas most of the ecological characteristics of the spiders had maximal expression in only two kettle holes. High assemblage similarity values of carabid beetle coenoses were observed only in a few cases whereas very similar spider coenoses were found between nearly all of the kettle holes. For carabid beetles, kettle holes represent much more isolated habitats than that for spiders. We concluded that kettle holes have specific ecological qualities which match with different ecological properties of carabid beetles and spiders and that isolation effects affect carabid beetles more than spiders.

scholarly journals Carabid beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) richness, diversity, and community structure in the understory of temporarily flooded and non-flooded Amazonian forests of Ecuador

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
pp. 831-876
Author(s):  
Kathryn N. Riley Peterson ◽  
Robert A. Browne ◽  
Terry L. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Tiger Beetles ◽  
Amazonian Forests ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Although tropical regions harbor the greatest arthropod diversity on Earth, the majority of species are taxonomically and scientifically unknown. Furthermore, how they are organized into functional communities and distributed among habitats is mostly unstudied. Here we examine species richness, diversity, and community composition of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and compare them between flooded (FP) and non-flooded terra firme (TF) forests in the Yasuní area of Ecuador. The forest understory was sampled using flight intercept traps (FITs) and systematic hand collections at night in June and July 2011 and 2012, and FITs in October and November 2011. A total of 1,255 Carabidae representing 20 tribes, 54 genera, and 143 morphospecies was collected. Mean number of individuals and mean species richness did not differ significantly between FP and TF; however, numbers of Cicindelini (tiger beetles) and Pentagonicini were higher in TF forest while numbers of Lachnophorini and Scaritini were higher in FP forest. Overall, FP had significantly higher rarefied richness but extrapolation of rarefaction curves using the Chao1 nonparametric diversity estimator show that this difference may decrease with additional sampling. The inverse Simpson index was significantly higher for FP than TF forest. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination and dissimilarity coefficient values show that FP and TF forests maintain unique assemblages with minimal overlap in community composition. Given ongoing anthropogenic pressures, particularly petroleum extraction, and those resulting from climate change, a greater understanding of the richness, diversity and community assemblages of Yasuní rainforest are needed to better conserve the fauna of this megadiverse area of Amazonia.

scholarly journals A comparison of pitfall trapping and quadrat sampling of Carabidae (Coleoptera) on river banks

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Sample Method ◽  
River Banks

A comparison was made betweeen the "open" pitfall trap method and quadrat sample method in microhabitats on river banks. The latter method was found to give reliable estimates of the absolute abundance of carabid beetle species. In pitfall traps individuals of the carabid beetle Bembidion schuppelii were over-represented in a sub-optimal microhabitat compared with in optimal ones. The niche-overlap between this species and B. bipunctatum was 0.19 in quadrat samples and 0.59 in pitfall traps. There was no correlation between the relative abundance of individuals of species in quadrat samples and in pitfall traps. Individuals of larger carabid species were highly over-represented compared to smaller ones in pitfall traps, an effect that was independent of diurnal rhythm and life cycle category. Biomass of larger carabid species was also overestimated in pitfall traps compared to that of smaller ones. Imagines were more efficiently captured in pitfall traps than larvae. Pitfall traps had a higher number of species than quadrat samples in all investigated sites. In four of five cases the Shannon-Wiener index gave higher species diversity in pitfall traps than in quadrat samples. It is concluded that the "open" pitfall trap method is inappropriate to study dominance ratio, the ecological role of species and perhaps the species diversity within communities. The general insight into the community structure of carabid beetles may therefore be very biased.

scholarly journals Dispersion of the epigeic fauna groups in the agricultural landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Vladimír Langraf ◽  
Kornélia Petrovičová ◽  
Zuzana Krumpálová ◽  
Andrea Svoradová ◽  
Janka Schlarmannová
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Fragmented Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Suburban Landscape ◽  
The City

Abstract Changes in the structure of epigeic animal groups indicate ecological stability, which are influenced by urbanization, agriculture, and forestry. The aim of the paper was to assess the impact of agrarian land in the vicinity of urban and suburban landscape and non-fragmented forest in the vicinity of rural landscape on the occurrence of epigeic groups. We recorded the pitfall traps - 19, 676 individuals belonging to 20 taxonomic groups at 9 localities representing 7 types of habitat. Our results indicate a year-on-year increase in the number of individuals of epigeic groups in the city, with surrounding agrarian land. We found a correlation between eudominant epigeic groups of Aranea and Hymenoptera and rural landscape with the non-fragmented surrounding. Coleoptera has shown a link between the conditions of urban and suburban landscape with the surrounding developed agriculture. We confirmed a statistically significant effect for luminosity (p = 0.002), humidity (p = 0.025) and pH (p = 0.017).

scholarly journals Ant assemblage (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in forest fragment in Mato Grosso Amazonian

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
M. C. Pereira ◽  
O. T. Dall'Oglio ◽  
J. Dambroz
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Ant community studies provide a wealth of information, making reliable estimates of local and regional species richness, biology, behavior and fauna morphology data. This work consists of a survey of litter - associated ant fauna in a forest fragment in the municipality of Sinop - MT, Brazil. The mirmecofauna was sampled using pitfall traps from September 2015 to February 2016, with 10 traps spaced 25 m apart along a transect in each of the collections. A total of 5,066 specimens were collected from 7 subfamilies, 23 genera and 35 morphospecies. Myrmicinae was the richest subfamily, accounting for most of the species collected (51.43%), followed by Ponerinae (17.14%) and Formicinae (14.28%). Pheidole (Westwood, 1839) was the most diverse genus, being represented by 6 morphospecies, followed by the genus Neoponera (Emery, 1901) with 3. Regarding the number of individuals, the most abundant species in the studied environment were one species of Pheidole sp.1. , a species of Trachymyrmex sp.1 and Crematogaster arcuata with 1,343, 1,144 and 897 individuals, respectively. As for the eating habits and biology of the species it was verified the great variety of resources that can be exploited by the studied species, with predominance of omnivorous ants.

The distribution of leaf litter invertebrates along a Neotropical altitudinal gradient

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lowland Rainforest ◽  
Litter Invertebrates ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Leaf Litter Invertebrates

ABSTRACTLeaf litter invertebrates were sampled at eight sites, approximately 250 m apart in elevation, along an altitudinal transect extending from primary lowland rainforest to cloud forest in western Panama. The study focused on several diverse and numerically important litter invertebrate taxa (e.g., ants, spiders, and beetles) that were effectively sampled using a combination of litter sifting and test tube pitfall traps. The mean altitudinal range of species was around 500 m (standard deviation 370 m) and approximately 50% of the species characteristic of a given elevation dropped out after a 500 m change in elevation in either direction. There was no evidence for distinct altitudinal zonation in leaf litter assemblages. Both species richness and number of individuals of most taxa showed a pronounced decline in the vicinity of the upward transition to cloud forests. The data also suggest a broad mid-elevation peak in sample species richness for the litter invertebrate fauna. The implications of the results for biodiversity conservation are discussed.

Pitfall trap designs to maximize invertebrate captures and minimize captures of nontarget vertebrates

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Pearce ◽  
D. Schuurman ◽  
K.N. Barber ◽  
M. Larrivée ◽  
L.A. Venier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Shallow Trap ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Funnel Trap ◽  
Incidental Catch

AbstractPitfall traps containing a preservative have become the standard method of sampling for epigeal invertebrates such as carabid beetles and cursorial spiders. However, they often result in high levels of mortality for small mammals and amphibians. We compared the carabid, spider, and vertebrate captures within five pitfall trap types (conventional trap, funnel trap, shallow trap, Nordlander trap, and the ramp trap) to determine the trap type that would reduce vertebrate incidental catch without compromising the capture of invertebrates. We also examined the effect of a mesh screen over pitfall traps on carabid beetle and vertebrate catches. All modifications to the conventional trap design resulted in a reduction in both small mammal and amphibian captures. The shallow pitfall trap and the funnel trap captured a carabid beetle and spider fauna similar to that captured by the conventional trap. The species compositions of the ramp trap and the Nordlander trap were different from those of the other trap types, but these traps were more efficient, capturing more species per individual captured. The ramp trap appeared to be the method of choice for sampling epigeal spiders. Thus, the choice among trap designs for invertebrates depends on the objectives of the study. However, an alternative to the conventional trap design should always be considered to reduce small mammal mortality.

scholarly journals Effect of plant protection on assemblages of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in beetroot crops in four-year rotation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kosewska ◽  
Katarzyna Nijak ◽  
Mariusz Nietupski ◽  
Renata Kędzior
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Ground beetles (Col., Carabidae) are common predators in agrocenoses. A number of plant pests occurring on arable fields become their feed. Therefore, they contribute to a natural reduction of the occurrence of pests. In addition, they are well-known bioindicators used, among others to determine the state of the habitats and the impact of human activity on entomofauna. In the fields, the use of chemical plant protection products is a very controversial activity. The aim of the study was to investigate assemblages of ground beetles occupying conventional and organic sugar beetroot crops. Therefore, to determine the impact of the application of pesticides on the assemblages of these useful beetles was made. The study was conducted at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Winna Góra near Środa Wielkopolska in Poland from May till September of 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. The experiment was carried out in the field with organic crop of sugar beet, and in the crop, for which an integrated plant protection programme was planned. The area of each field was 0.5 ha. Modified Barber traps were used to catch insects. On each of the selected fields 10 pitfalls were set up, which were emptied every 14 days. Within 4 years of the study a total of 11865 specimens belonging to 52 ground beetle species were recorded. 5582 specimens belonging to 50 species and 6283 specimens belonging to 46 species were caught in the fields under chemical protection and organic, respectively. On a multiannual scale, there were no statistically significant differences in the number of individuals and species of Carabidae on conventional and organic fields. Fluctuation in ground beetles abundance and species richness were observed dependent on the year of study but not of the treatment. Harpalus rufipes was the most represented species in all fields. The main conclusion is that using chemical plant protection on a multiannual scale does not adversely affect the number and species richness of ground beetles.

scholarly journals Impact of different habitat parameters on carabid beetle assemblages in selected areas of a forest-field landscape in Poland – 10 years of data

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (Suppl.) ◽  
pp. 169-184
Author(s):  
Axel Schwerk ◽  
Agata Jojczyk ◽  
Izabela Dymitryszyn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

Long-term data on carabid beetles assemblages on differently managed study sites in forests and open areas were analysed to study the impact of selected environmental factors on the carabid assemblages of both the individual study sites over the years and the set of all study sites in selected years.Ordination separated forest stands from open areas along with the first, and samples of 2011 from those of 2015 along the second axis. For study sites in forest stands in most cases, precipitation was a significant factor, especially precipitation in the year before the inventory. However, for the youngest forest site, the year of the study was most important, indicating a succession process. For study sites in open areas, both precipitation and temperature showed most often significant results. Analysing the impact of environmental factors on carabid assemblages in the full set of study sites in 2011 and 2015 revealed carbon content in the organic layer and distance from the nearest forest as significant factors. The results of the study extend our knowledge on the impact of environmental factors on the formation of carabid beetle assemblages in rural landscapes, which is essential in the framework of developing biodiversity conservation strategies.

CARABID BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Marcel Reeves ◽  
Gary A. Dunn ◽  
Daniel T. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractBarrier-pitfall traps and tree bands were used to sample adult carabid beetles in five forest stands of different tree species composition and spruce budworm infestation levels. Twenty genera and 37 species were collected over the 2-year period. Adult carabid populations were highest in the red spruce stand while carabid species diversity was greater in hardwood and fir stands having the most tree species diversity. Potential adult carabid predators of spruce budworm were identified using 5 criteria: number of individuals, habitat preferences, seasonal abundance, size, and food. We conclude that adults of Pterostichus pensylvanicus (Lec.) had the highest potential as predators of spruce budworm followed by Platynus decentis Say, Calosoma frigidum Kby., Pterostichus tristis (Dej.), Cymindis cribricollis Dej., Pterostichus rostratus (Newm.), Calathus ingratus Dej., and Pterostichus adoxus (Say).

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