RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES OF MALE CORN EARWORM MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), EGG NUMBERS, AND PHENOLOGY IN CORN

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Latheef ◽  
J.A. Witz ◽  
J.D. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Time Differential ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractRelationships among catches of corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa (= Heliothis) zea (Boddie), in pheromone traps, numbers of corn earworm eggs, and corn ears with fresh silks were investigated in eight corn fields during a 2-year period in Brazos River Valley, Texas. Cross-correlation analysis indicated that the catches of corn earworm moths in pheromone traps were closely associated with egg numbers in seven of eight fields with a time differential varying between −1 to +2 days. Cross-correlation peaks for new silks versus eggs occurred with time differentials being mostly positive, indicating that corn earworm egg numbers reached a maximum after corn produced large numbers of fresh silks on ears.There was a weak but significant linear relationship between egg numbers and corn earworm catches in pheromone traps when corn was in the whorl stage of growth. A stepwise regression model of the form: log (eggs/ha + 1) = 3.71 + 0.22*log(S + 1)*log(T + 1) − 0.3*log(S + 1), where S = numbers of corn ears with new silks per hectare, and T = mean corn earworm moths per trap, explained 52.5% of the variance. These results emphasize the mediating effects of fresh silks on corn earworm oviposition on corn.

The influence of behaviour modifying chemicals on mating success of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hmps. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Malawi

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe synthetic sex pheromone (dicastalure) of the red bollworm of cotton, Diparopsis castanea Hmps., in Central and Southern Africa, and an inhibitor of male sexual attraction (trans-9-dodecenyl acetate,=IIA), were used in an enclosed 0·2 ha cotton field-cage to reduce successful female matings. Over one month dicastalure at 21·0 and 42·3 g/ha produced average reductions in mating of 47·9% and 72·5% respectively and 37·9 g IIA/ha produced an overall reduction in mating of 71·5%, or 79·5% in released moth populations, over the same period. The proportion of virgin females present in disruption situations was significantly greater than in untreated populations and was density-independent for moth populations of up to 2 200/ha. The proportion of fertile eggs in disruption situations was correspondingly reduced to 30·2% from an average of 67·9% in control cycles. Reduction in sex pheromone trap catches is an unsatisfactory indicator of the extent to which males are prevented from inseminating females and considerably over-estimates the true degree of disruption. This is the first time that a naturally occurring inhibitor has been used successfully to disrupt mating in a field population of insects and it indicates the potential of the method for the control of high density pest populations in cotton. However, use of polyethylene dispensing mechanisms similar to those used in the field-cage disruption experiments would be unsuitable as a practical method of dispensing behaviour modifying chemicals and it is suggested that, for suitably controlled release of such chemicals, currently available microencapsulation technology offers the best prospects.

scholarly journals Flight initiation and flight activity in Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Scholz ◽  
C. Borgemeister ◽  
R. H. Markham ◽  
H. M. Poehling
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Prostephanus Truncatus ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Flight Initiation

AbstractIn an outdoor experimental set-up, the number of Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) flying from maize cobs was recorded over 38 observation weeks. Flight activity in the field was recorded for 50 weeks with three pheromone traps, each placed at c. 100–300 m from the first experimental set-up. Multiple regression analyses revealed that both flight initiation and flight activity were partly influenced by mean temperatures, but were not directly related. Flight initiation was mainly dependent on population density. An additional experiment showed that sex ratios among pheromone trap catches were not correlated with the number of beetles caught; sex ratios were female-biased throughout the year. Seasonal fluctuations in flight activity recorded with pheromone traps are mainly dependent on changes in the number and sizes of beetle populations in a given area, as well as on breeding site availability and suitability.

THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE). AN ESTIMATE OF LIGHT AND PHEROMONE TRAP EFFICIENCY BASED ON CAPTURES OF NEWLY EMERGED MOTHS

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Bucher ◽  
G.K. Bracken
Keyword(s):  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Circular Arrays ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Light And Pheromone Traps ◽  
Bertha Armyworm

AbstractEfficiencies of light and pheromone traps were estimated from captures of moths emerging from pupae in the center of circular arrays of traps up to 200 m in radius. Light traps captured 1 insect for every 3.6 that passed through a linear meter at the trap, an efficiency factor of 0.28. This factor was constant for different insect densities. The pheromone traps were 3.5 times as efficient as light traps based on the captures of males only. The low efficiencies imply that the traps have a small zone of influence and several may be needed in a limited area to produce catches within reasonable confidence limits when populations are sparse and detection of increasing numbers has the greatest value.

scholarly journals Selectivity of the oriental fruit moth sex pheromone trap in peach and apricot orchards

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hári ◽  
B. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Male Genital

One of the most important pests of the stone fruit orchards is the oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha 1110/esta B.). Chemical control targeted against the young larvae is the most effective way of protection. so the ti ming of treatments has to be based on the observation of emergence. Emergence may be monitored with sex pheromone traps. It is already known from former publications, that the traps for oriental fruit moth are also effective in the case of the plum moth (Grapholitha f1111ebra11a Tr.), which external morphology is very similar to the oriental fruit moth. As the emergence of the oriental fruit moth in peach and apricot orchards has not been observed in detaib in Hungary, we started a s1Udy in this field. Our aim was to measure the selectivity of the sex pheromone traps. On the basis of examining more than 5000 males caught and the investigation of male genital ia. it could be established that the pheromone traps. Csalomon and Deltastop, for oriental fruit moth, caught the plum moth in the same ratio. The ratio of the oriental fruit moth and the plum moth trapped in the peach orchards was I: I . while in the apricot orchards the number of the caught plum moth males was seven times as many as that of the oriental fruit moths. Consequently, it can be established that data based on oriental fruit moth trap catches can not be used without additional investigations of genitalia for the prediction of larval hatch. The selectivity of the plum moth trap. used as a control. was acceptable in both orchards.

Some effects of weather and moonlight on light-trap catches of the army-worm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), at Muguga, Kenya

1978 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Douthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Spodoptera Exempta ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe effects of wind speed, wind direction, strong moonlight and rainfall on hourly light-trap catches of adult Spodoptera exempta (Wlk.) made at Muguga, Kenya, between January and June in 1970 and 1971 were investigated. The highest catches occurred in winds of 2–3 m/s, but generally, fewer moths were caught as wind speed increased. In totally dark hours the geometric mean catch at wind speeds of 5–6 m/s was about one-tenth that at 0–1 m/s. The relationship between catch and wind speed changed between January and June. Wind direction and change in direction were not significantly related to catch. The geometric means of catches made in strong moonlight were about one-tenth those in total darkness at comparable wind speeds. Rainfall was associated with higher catches in seven out of eight months, but the differences were significant in only two months. Recognition of the association between light winds and large numbers of S. exempta should assist forecasting, but a fuller understanding of the relationship between light-trap catch and population requires a method of population assessment that is independent of the effects of weather and moonlight.

FIELD RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSUM RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF CORN EARWORM, HELIOTHIS ZEA (BODDIE) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE), EGG POPULATIONS ON SWEET CORN IN NOVA SCOTIA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Neil ◽  
H.B. Specht
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Heliothis Zea ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Trichogramma Pretiosum ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Spray Applications

AbstractTrichogramma pretiosum Riley was released in the field for suppression of corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), egg populations in Nova Scotia in 1985–1987. Trichogramma pretiosum reduced com earworm populations 7.4–53% compared with chemical treatments reductions of 19–100%. Trichogramma pretiosum were not as effective as insecticides, especially when populations of the corn earworm were low (less than five larvae per 1000 ears). Timing of T. pretiosum releases and spray applications were determined by blacklight trap catches and were considered critical for effective control.

scholarly journals Movement of potato moth estimated by markrecapture experiments

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Cameron ◽  
G.P. Walker ◽  
A.R. Wallace ◽  
P.J. Wigley
Keyword(s):  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Fluorescent Powder ◽  
Dispersal Model ◽  
Standard Linear ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Trap Catches

The movement of potato moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) was investigated using moths marked with fluorescent powder and recaptured with sweep nets and pheromone traps In a small plot trial sweep netting recovered most marked moths within the release plot and both sweep and pheromone trap catches declined at distances of 20 and 42 m In commercial fields pheromone trap recaptures declined beyond distances of 40 m from the release point and may have been reduced by natural barriers Moths were recaptured at approximately 200 m both within the release crop and in separate crops Use of a standard linear dispersal model with pooled data from all three experiments suggested that only 10 of moths dispersed beyond 200 m but evidence for this model was not conclusive These results provide part of the information required for determining suitable locations of susceptible refuge crops which have been proposed for diluting pest resistance to insectresistant transgenic crops

scholarly journals Appropriate Number of Sex Pheromone Trap for Monitoring Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Moths on Shallot Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Dian Lestari ◽  
F. X. Wagiman ◽  
Edhi Martono
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

The research was carried out to determine the appropriate number of sex pheromone traps for monitoring the Spodoptera exigua moths in shallot crop which was grown in Yogyakarta Special Territory, Bantul Regency (Samas). This research was conducted in August until September 2016. Sex pheromone trap was arranged on shallot aged  3 weeks after planting. Sex pheromone trap with hexadecenat tetra asetat ingredients was placed on sticky yellow trap. This research  used RCBD experimental design with single factor experiment namely the number of trap i.e. 3, 5, 6, 8 units/2.000 m2 with sex pheromone, and  three traps without sex pheromone as control. Each treatment was repeated 5 times so  125 samples of experiments were obtained. Observation was made by counting the number of moths caught in sex pheromone trap. The result of observation was analysed  with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and DMRT α 5.0%. The results show that the appropriate number of trap to monitor the pest infestation was 3 units/2.000 m2.

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