DISPERSAL OF TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM (OLIVIER) WITHIN A VALLEY SETTING

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Salom ◽  
J.A. McLean
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Open Site ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Almost All

AbstractA mark–recapture study examined Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) spring flight dispersal in a coastal forested valley in British Columbia. Pheromone-baited traps were placed throughout the valley in five separate experiments. Recapture patterns of marked beetles were related to weather, topography, vegetative cover, and source of attractants.Wind direction within the forest setting, 350 m from the closest open site, was quite variable with a beetle recapture pattern mat was non-directional. At a forest setting less than 50 m from an open site and road, diurnal up-valley winds resulted in an upwind beetle recapture pattern at 25 m from the release site. Beetles were recaptured at distances as far as 1.9 km downwind and 1 km upwind from the release site. Most beetles were recaptured within 2 h of release at distances up to 50 m. In traps at distances of 350–700 m, similar numbers of beetles were recaptured on the day of release as were recaptured during the following week. At distances greater than 1 km, almost all beetles took longer than 1 day to be recaptured.

AN EVALUATION OF THREE TRAPS AND TWO LURES FOR THE AMBROSIA BEETLE TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM (OLIV.) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN CANADA, NORWAY, AND WEST GERMANY

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. McLean ◽  
A. Bakke ◽  
H. Niemeyer
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Baited Traps

AbstractMultiple funnel, Schlitzfalle, and drainpipe traps baited with Linoprax® or Biolure® semiochemical baiting systems for the ambrosia beetle Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.) were evaluated in similar experiments in British Columbia, West Germany, and Norway. In British Columbia, the Biolure-baited traps caught more T. lineatum of both sexes than did Linoprax-baited traps. The Linoprax-baited traps caught more male T. lineatum in West Germany and Norway but fewer females than the Biolure system. Low percentages of female T. lineatum were often recorded at drainpipe traps.

LINEATIN ENANTIOMER PREFERENCE, FLIGHT PERIODS, AND EFFECT OF PHEROMONE CONCENTRATION AND TRAP LENGTH ON THREE SYMPATRIC SPECIES OF TRYPODENDRON (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Lindgren ◽  
S.E.R. Hoover ◽  
A.M. MacIsaac ◽  
C.I. Keeling ◽  
K.N. Slessor
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Ambrosia Beetle ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pheromone Concentration

AbstractThe effects of lineatin enantiomer ratios, lineatin release rate, and trap length on catches and the flight periods of three sympatric species of Trypodendron Stephens were investigated in field bioassays using multiple-funnel traps. The ambrosia beetle, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, was caught in similar numbers in baited traps and blank control traps, showing that this species does not respond to lineatin. Our results confirmed that Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) is attracted only to (+)-lineatin. Trypodendron rufitarsus (Kirby) and Trypodendron retusum (LeConte) were shown to utilize lineatin and like T. lineatum were caught only when (+)-lineatin was present. These results indicate that lineatin does not govern reproductive isolation among these three species. There was no effect by (+)-lineatin release rate within the range tested. The flight of T. rufitarsus commenced earlier and ceased before the peak of the T. lineatum flight, suggesting that temporal separation may be an important component of reproductive isolation between these two species. The flight period of T. retusum was similar to that of T. lineatum. Host odours may aid in reproductive isolation of these two species. Enantiomer blend did not significantly affect sex ratio in any species; however, sex ratio differed among species, indicating that different species responded differently to the traps or that natural sex ratios differ. Catches of T. rufitarsus and T. retusum increased with trap length when pheromone release per trap was held constant and when release was held constant relative to trap length. Trap length and release rate did not affect sex ratio.

Analysis of straying variation in Alaskan hatchery chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) following transplantation

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J Hard ◽  
William R Heard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Substantial Variation

In 1976 chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) gametes from the Chickamin and Unuk rivers in southeastern Alaska were transplanted 250 km to establish hatchery runs at Little Port Walter (LPW), Baranof Island. From 1977 to 1989, 1 862 058 marked smolts from 12 broods were released from LPW. Homing and straying were estimated from adult recoveries at 25 locations in Alaska and British Columbia between 1981 and 1989. Of 22 198 LPW fish recovered over this period, 21 934 (98.8%) were collected at LPW. Of 264 fish recovered elsewhere, 38.3% were within 7 km of LPW; 64.4% were within 25 km of LPW. No LPW fish were recovered from the ancestral rivers, but nine fish were recovered from rivers supporting wild chinook salmon. Straying declined with distance from the release site but varied between hatcheries and streams. Straying declined with increasing age and run size. Straying was similar between the populations but varied among broods, and analysis of straying in experimental groups provided evidence for a heritable component. Males strayed more often than females. Population, gender, run size, and recovery age interacted to produce substantial variation in straying, indicating that run composition can produce complex straying responses.

Semiochemical-based integrated pest management of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in British Columbia’s forest industry: implemented in 1982 and still running

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
John H. Borden ◽  
Eveline Stokkink
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Tolerable Level

AbstractThree species of ambrosia beetles (Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier), Gnathotrichus sulcatus (LeConte), and G. retusus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)) have been estimated to cause annual losses of $95–$189 million in degrade of logs and lumber on the British Columbia coast, in Canada. A consultant-run semiochemical-based integrated pest management programme was implemented in 1982 against these beetles, following fulfilment of four prerequisites: (1) presence of receptive potential clients, (2) availability of semiochemical lures, (3) invention of an operational trap, and (4) proof of concept of mass trapping technology. The programme is based on two broad strategies: maintain the problem at a tolerable level and, if necessary, reduce the problem to a tolerable level. One measure of effectiveness over 12 years of mass trapping at a dryland sort near Sooke, on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, was 16.4 million beetles trapped and an estimated five to one benefit-to-cost ratio. Despite success, several factors have conspired to reduce the programme from 50 sites serviced in early years to 7 in 2018. Timber companies in British Columbia are currently showing renewed interest and are taking steps to incorporate the integrated pest management programme as a formal component of their overall operations.

Mark-recapture models

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
P. D. M. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
General Model ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Salmon Smolt

The interpretation of mark-recapture data depends on a probabilistic model for the biological system. The assumptions of the general model must be verified against what is known about the particular system. This talk considers the application of markrecapture methods to the estimation of salmon smolt migrations from Babine Lake, British Columbia.

Diversity and abundance of arthropod by-catch in semiochemical-baited traps targeting apple clearwing moth (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in organic and conventional apple orchards in British Columbia, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Marius Aurelian ◽  
Maya L. Evenden ◽  
Gary J.R. Judd
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Industry ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Clearwing Moth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
By Catch

AbstractApple clearwing moth (ACM),Synanthedon myopaeformis(Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is an invasive species and destructive pest of commercial apple trees in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Mass trapping with Concord grape juice and sex pheromone is being developed as an organic pest management tactic. We quantified the diversity and abundance of arthropod by-catch in these traps during the 2009 flight (13 June–31 July) of ACM. Paired traps were deployed in organic and conventionally managed apple orchards planted using different tree densities representing the extremes of the current BC apple industry. Using seasonal by-catch and community-level statistical analyses we determined that family communities of arthropods caught in juice-baited and pheromone-baited traps differed significantly. Yellow juice-baited traps caught a greater variety of arthropod families in greater abundance than pheromone-baited yellow Unitraps®. We show that for each trap type, family communities caught in organic versus conventional orchards were significantly different. Organic orchard management affected abundance of some beneficial taxa, but the sign of the difference depended on the taxon examined (e.g., ladybeetles increased versus lacewings declined). Tree density had no effect on by-catch. Managing ACM by mass trapping may be detrimental to ecosystem services because many nontarget beneficial species are caught. A balanced risk-to-benefit approach should be taken before this technology is widely implemented against ACM.

The composition and spatial distribution of scavenging hyperbenthos in the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Morton ◽  
Christine N.W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Baited traps with a 5 mm diameter opening were deployed 9 cm off the seabed in the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. In contrast to analogous studies from boreal waters, lysianassoids accounted for 0.5% of the total number of trapped hyperbenthos. Species of Tisbe (Copepoda: Tisbidae), Ceradocus (Gammaridea: Melitidae), Nebalia (Leptostraca: Nebaliacea), unidentified benthic ostracods, Neanthes cricognatha (Polychaeta: Nereidae) and a species of Lepidepecreum (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea) were caught in a decreasing order of numerical importance. A spatial segregation of trapped fauna was identified between the reserve's shallow Lobster Bay (<–2 m Chart Datum (CD)) and deeper-waters (between –6 and–17 m CD) outside it. Ceradocus sp. monopolized the trapped fauna in the former area, while the other species were caught almost exclusively from the latter. Insignificant Ceradocus sp. catch differences between baited and control traps suggested that they functioned only as ‘habitat traps’ for this species. Almost all other organisms attracted to the bait were hyperbenthic scavengers. Their absence from the shallows might be due to the coarser and lower organic contents of the sediments, also related to faster flow rates here. Finally, we confirm that in subtropical Hong Kong, lysianassid amphipods are not as significant hyperbenthic scavengers as they are in boreal waters.

SCOLYTIDAE ASSOCIATED WITH FELLED WHITE SPRUCE IN ALASKA

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Werner ◽  
Edward H. Holsten
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Brooks Range ◽  
Kenai Peninsula ◽  
Dryocoetes Affaber ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Ips Perturbatus

AbstractPheromone baited traps and trap trees attracted an aggregate of 29 scolytid species associated with white spruce in three localities in Alaska. Species diversity was higher in the Fairbanks (lat. 64°45′) area than in the Brooks Range (lat. 68°15′) or Kenai Peninsula (lat. 60°37′). Scolytids were found inhabiting all bark-producing areas of the tree from the roots to small branches with the highest density in the tree bole. The most abundant scolytids were Ips perturbatus (Eichhoff), Ips tridens tridens (Mannerheim), Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby), Dryocoetes affaber (Mannerheim), Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier), and Scolytus piceae (Swaine).

A SURVEY FOR THE AMBROSIA BEETLES TRYPODENDRON LINEATUM AND GNATHOTRICHUS RETUSUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN A SAWMILL USING PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Shore ◽  
J. A. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Baited Traps

AbstractThe pheromones lineatum and (+)-sulcatol were used in traps in a sawmill to survey the ambrosia beetles Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) and Gnathotrichus retusus (LeConte) respectively. Spatial and temporal distribution patterns for both species were identified. This information can be used for the establishment of a pheromone-based mass-trapping program for ambrosia beetles. The addition of ethanol and α-pinene to traps baited with (+)-sulcatol significantly increased the catches of G. retusus.

scholarly journals Encounters with Sexuality: The Management of Inappropriate Body Behaviour and Body Talk in Late Nineteenth-Century British Columbia Schools

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Barman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Body Talk

Of all the issues that students, parents, teachers, and schools encounter, few are as difficult to manage as sexuality. We persist in believing that the body does not belong in the classroom except as an object of study or improvement. Inappropriate body behaviour and body talk with a sexual edge intimidates us, so much so that accounts tend to be oblique or non-existent. Their scarcity makes particularly valuable a set of records that survive from British Columbia in the late nineteenth century. Even though public education was then becoming centralized, a general unwillingness to face up to issues of sexuality caused almost all of the thirty allegations that were located in the superintendent of education’s correspondence to be resolved at the local level. The most frequent tactic used was parental boycott of the school. The allegations are divided between those against teachers and those against students. Regardless of who was implicated, the teacher was almost always caught in the middle and ended up resigning.

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