DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVA OF HELLUOMORPHOIDES PRAEUSTUS BICOLOR HARRIS WITH COMMENTS ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE HELLUONINI (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 921-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Bousquet
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
First Instar

AbstractThe larva of Helluomorphoides praeustus bicolor Harris is described and illustrated from two specimens. This is the first larva of Helluomorphoides Ball, a New World genus belonging to the tribe Helluonini, described although parts of an undetermined species of the genus were figured by Thompson (1979). Analysis of larval characters of the tribes Helluonini and Anthiini supports the hypothesis that these two groups are closely related. At least three autapomorphic character states are identified for members of Helluonini and Anthiini: the antacoria between the antennomeres II and III is represented by a suture or is absent; the stipes has a medial excrescence which may or may not be fused with the first galeomere; and the urogomphi are stout, fixed dorsally to the ninth tergite, and possess numerous long setae in the first instar. The sister group of the Helluonini–Anthiini lineage could not be identified but a number of the synapomorphies of this complex also occur in the Galeritini and Pseudomorphini.

Taxonomic revision of the myrmecophilous, meliponiphilous and rhizophilous soft scale genus Cryptostigma Ferris (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2709 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKUMASA KONDO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New World ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
World Species ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Instar

The present study revises the soft scale insects of the genus Cryptostigma Ferris (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), which comprises a group of New World species associated with ants or bees or of hypogeal habit. It includes 17 species, of which 10 species are new to science. The study is based on the external, mostly cuticular morphology of the adult females and first-instar nymphs. Taxonomic keys based on adult females and known first-instar nymphs are provided. For each species a description or redescription is given, followed by information on its distribution, host plants, and known biological information including associated ants or bees. The new species described are Cryptostigma chacoensis sp. nov., C. gullanae sp. nov., C. jonmartini sp. nov., C. longinoi sp. nov., C. melissophilum sp. nov., C. mexicanum sp. nov., C. philwardi , sp. nov. C. rhizophilum sp. nov., C. serratum sp. nov., and C. tuberculosum sp. nov. Neolecanium urichi (Cockerell) is transferred to Cryptostigma as C. urichi (Cockerell) comb. nov., and C. quinquepori (Newstead) is synonymized with Cryptostigma urichi, comb. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Cryptostigma saundersi Laing, Lecanium silveirai Hempel, Lecanium urichi Cockerell and Akermes quinquepori Newstead. Cryptostigma inquilina (Newstead) is amended to C. inquilinum in order to match the neutral ending “stigma”. The following names are treated as nomina nuda: Cryptostigma jamaicensis and Lecanopsis jamaicensis (Ben-Dov, 1993: 97).

scholarly journals Morphology of immature stages of Paraegidium costalimai (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) and remarks on egg-busters in Scarabaeidae first‑instar larvae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Clayton De Jesus e Sousa ◽  
Juares Fuhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
New World ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Old World ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Studies about the immature stages of Orphninae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) species are scarce. The subfamily includes 214 species, but only 5 have the immature stages described: Chaetonyx robustus liguricus Mariani, 1946, Hybalus benoiti Tournier, 1864, H. rotroui Petrovitz, 1964 and Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844) from Old World; and Aegidium cribratum Bates, 1887 from the New World. The Neotropical genus Paraegidium Vulcano, Pereira & Martinez, 1966 encompass five species, mainly recorded from Brazil. Herein, the immature stages of P. costalimai Vulcano, Pereira & Martinez, 1966 are described and illustrated, along with remarks on the presence of egg-buster in Scarabaeidae first-instar larvae. A key to the third-instar larvae of known Orphninae and a comparative study of chaetotaxy are also provided.

Systematics of Paraleucopis Malloch with proposal of Paraleucopidae, a new family of acalyptrate Diptera

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4668 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-328
Author(s):  
TERRY A. WHEELER ◽  
BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Paraleucopidae Wheeler fam. nov. is proposed for the previously unplaced New World genera Paraleucopis Malloch, Mallochianamyia Santos-Neto and Schizostomyia Malloch and undescribed Australian species. A key to genera of Paraleucopidae is provided. Paraleucopis is revised and includes nine species: P. auripes Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Andalgala, Argentina); P. bispinosa Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Socos, Coquimbo, Chile); P. boharti Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Andalgala, Argentina); P. boydensis Steyskal (type locality: nr. Palm Desert, California, USA); P. corvina Malloch (type species of genus; type locality: New Mexico, USA); P. mexicana Steyskal (type locality: Kino Bay, Mexico); P. nigra Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Portal, Arizona, USA); P. paraboydensis Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Willis Palms Oasis, California, USA); P. saguaro Wheeler & Sinclair sp. nov. (type locality: Usery Mtn Park, Arizona, USA). A key to the species of Paraleucopis is provided. The distribution of Paraleucopis is disjunct, with six species in the western United States and northwestern Mexico and three species in northern Chile and northern Argentina.                The sister group and superfamilial assignment of the Paraleucopidae cannot be established based on current knowledge although the family has affinities to some families of the Asteioinea sensu J.F. McAlpine. A well-supported hypothesis on the relationships of the families of the Acalyptratae will be required before the sister group relationships of Paraleucopidae can be determined. 

Description and behaviour of Goniotropis kuntzeni larvae (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Paussinae: Ozaenini) and a key to genera of Paussinae larvae

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1111 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENDY MOORE ◽  
ANDREA DI GIULIO
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Insect Prey ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Feeding Behaviours

Goniotropis species are large, parallel-sided paussine beetles common in the New World tropics and ranging from southern Arizona to northern Argentina.  Specimens of Goniotropis kuntzeni Bänninger were collected in southern Arizona and larvae were reared under laboratory conditions.  The egg, first instar larva and second instar larva are described and illustrated, providing the first larval description for this genus.  Goniotropis larvae live in burrows that they construct and seal with their terminal disk (which is composed of modified urogomphi and dorsal plates).  They feed by trapping live insect prey with the moveable components of their terminal disk, and then they bring the captured prey into their gallery to consume.  Burrowing and feeding behaviours of Goniotropis kuntzeni larva closely resemble those previously described for Pachyteles species.  A key to the genera of paussine larvae is provided.

The first-instar larva of the genus Arthropterus (Coleoptera : Carabidae : Paussinae): implications for evolution of myrmecophily and phylogenetic relationships within the subfamily

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Di Giulio ◽  
Wendy Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework

The first-instar larva of the genus Arthropterus W.S. MacLeay, 1838 is described and illustrated. This is the first description of a newly hatched (first-instar) larva in the myrmecophilous tribe Paussini and the first known larva from a basal paussine lineage. A phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily based on larval characters confirms the placement of the genus Arthropterus as a sister-group of the remaining Paussini and supports the hypothesis that Metriini is the sister-group of Ozaenini+Paussini, with 'Ozaenini' as a paraphyletic group. Within this phylogenetic framework, we reassess which larval characters are diagnostic of the tribes Paussini and Ozaenini. Several larval features of Arthropterus, such as the riddled sensilla S-VIII and the fused terminal disk, are interpreted as adaptations to myrmecophily. This interpretation supports the hypothesis that larvae have played an important role in the evolution of myrmecophily within the subfamily Paussinae.

Larval morphology of the Palaearctic genera Deronectes Sharp and Scarodytes Gozis (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae), with implications for the phylogeny of the Deronectes-group of genera

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Hendrich ◽  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Statistical Support

AbstractDescription of larval instars of Deronectes depressicollis Rosenhauer 1856, D. lareynii (Fair-maire 1858), D. latus (Stephens 1829), D. aubei (Mulsant 1843), and Scarodytes halensis (Fabricius 1787) is presented including a detailed chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal scgment and urogomphi. A phylogenetic analysis of 14 genera of the tribe Hydroporini, based on 22 larval characteristics was conducted with Hennig86. Three of the branches of the strict consensus tree have a statistical support greater than 60% according to the Parsimony Jackknifer. One of the supported clades is Antiporus Sharp + Nebrioporus Régimbart + Neonectes J. Balfour-Browne + Oreodytes Seidlitz + Stictotarsus Zimmermann + Scarodytes Gozis, of which the sister-group is the genus Deronectes Sharp. Consequently larval characters, in contrast to adult characters support the inclusion of Antiporus, Neonectes and Oreodytes in the Deronectes-group of genera. All members of this clade are characterized by: (i) presence of an occipital suture in first instar, (ii) presence of a constriction at level of occipital suture, (iii) absence of maxillary cardo, and (iv) insertion of the primary seta MX I on the maxillary stipes. Scarodytes is postulated to share a monophyletic origin with Nebrioporus, Stictotarsus, and Antiporus based on (i) the presence of natatory setae on femora, tibiae, and tarsi and (ii) the shape of the urogomphomere I which is more than 3.10 times longer than urogomphomere 2.

Molecular Phylogeny of Ateline New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini, Atelinae) Based on γ-Globin Gene Sequences: Evidence ThatBrachytelesIs the Sister Group ofLagothrix

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla M. Meireles ◽  
John Czelusniak ◽  
Maria P.C. Schneider ◽  
Jose A.P.C. Muniz ◽  
Maria C. Brigido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New World ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Gene Sequences

scholarly journals Reconstructing the phylogeny of new world monkeys (platyrrhini): evidence from multiple non-coding loci

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Wang ◽  
Burton K Lim ◽  
Nelson Ting ◽  
Jingyang Hu ◽  
Yunpeng Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New World ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Independent Sequence ◽  
Tree Inference ◽  
Intergenic Regions ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
Rapid Radiations

Abstract Among mammalian phylogenies, those characterized by rapid radiations are particularly problematic. The New World monkeys (NWMs, Platyrrhini) comprise 3 families and 7 subfamilies, which radiated within a relatively short time period. Accordingly, their phylogenetic relationships are still largely disputed. In the present study, 56 nuclear non-coding loci, including 33 introns (INs) and 23 intergenic regions (IGs), from 20 NWM individuals representing 18 species were used to investigate phylogenetic relationships among families and subfamilies. Of the 56 loci, 43 have not been used in previous NWM phylogenetics. We applied concatenation and coalescence tree-inference methods, and a recently proposed question-specific approach to address NWM phylogeny. Our results indicate incongruence between concatenation and coalescence methods for the IN and IG datasets. However, a consensus was reached with a single tree topology from all analyses of combined INs and IGs as well as all analyses of question-specific loci using both concatenation and coalescence methods, albeit with varying degrees of statistical support. In detail, our results indicated the sister-group relationships between the families Atelidae and Pitheciidae, and between the subfamilies Aotinae and Callithrichinae among Cebidae. Our study provides insights into the disputed phylogenetic relationships among NWM families and subfamilies from the perspective of multiple non-coding loci and various tree-inference approaches. However, the present phylogenetic framework needs further evaluation by adding more independent sequence data and a deeper taxonomic sampling. Overall, our work has important implications for phylogenetic studies dealing with rapid radiations.

Taxonomic revision of the New World genus Pelonides Kuwert (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Enopliinae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-526
Author(s):  
Weston Opitz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
New World ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Line Drawings

AbstractThe genus Pelonides Kuwert (Coleoptera: Cleridae) is revised to include six species as follows: P. floripennis Opitz, new species, P. granulatipennis (Schaeffer), P. humeralis (Horn), P. quadrinotata (Haldeman), P. quadripunctata (Say), and P. scabripennis (LeConte). Pelonides species are presumed predators of lignicolous and anthophilous prey species. It is hypothesised that the sister group of Pelonides is Parapelonides Barr, and that ancestral Pelonides diversified on ancient terrain known as the Mexican/Mayan block. Lectotypes were designated for P. granulatipennis (Schaeffer) and P. quadripunctata (Say). Pelonides similis Knull is synonymised with P. humeralis (Horn). Fifteen characters were evaluated phylogenetically and analysed with WINCLADA, in combination with NONA, which generated two fully resolved trees. This treatise also includes a key to Pelonides species, a summary of natural history, 24 line drawings, four electron micrographs, 24 habitus illustrations, and three distribution maps.

Inclusion of nuclear intron sequence data helps to identify the Asian sister group of New World pitvipers

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Malhotra ◽  
Simon Creer ◽  
Catharine E. Pook ◽  
Roger S. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Intron Sequence ◽  
Nuclear Intron
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