THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE EFFICACY OF THREE PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES AGAINST THE GRASSHOPPER, MELANOPLUS SANGUINIPES (FAB.) (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE), UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Hinks
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Negative Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Melanoplus Sanguinipes ◽  
Negative Coefficient ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Delayed Recovery

AbstractThree pyrethroids, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, and cyfluthrin, were assayed against 2nd-instar nymphs of the grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fab.) at 5 dosages and at 5 post-treatment temperatures ranging from 15.6 to 37.8°C. All three showed a negative temperature coefficient of toxicity but there was considerable variation in the pattern of response. Deltamethrin proved to be the most effective and cyfluthrin the least effective, both in terms of the amount of active ingredient required for 90% mortality and in having the lowest negative coefficient, respectively. The extent of the negative temperature coefficient of toxicity was much more pronounced at the LD90 than the LD50. Apparent mortality was recorded at 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment and with each of the pyrethroids, recovery of some hoppers took place after 24 h. This phenomenon of delayed recovery was greatest at the lower temperatures.

Effect of temperature on the toxicity of S-bioallethrin andcypermethrin to susceptible and kdr-resistant strains of Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Negative Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Blattella Germanica ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Positive Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe toxicity of two pyrethroid insecticides, S-bioallethrin and cypermethrin, was investigated over time at 12, 25 and 31°C in susceptible and kdr resistant strains of Blattella germanica (L.). Both strains showed a negative temperature coefficient (i.e., greater kill with decreasing temperature) for S-bioallethrin. The susceptible strain had a negative temperature coefficient for knockdown, but a positive temperature coefficient for mortality towards cypermethrin. The resistant strain had a negative temperature coefficient towards cypermethrin at all times. Resistance to S-bioallethrin was generally greatest at 25°C initially, although the difference between temperatures and the level of resistance diminished with time. Resistance to cypermethrin was significantly less at 12°C than at 25 or 31°C.

scholarly journals The influence of temperature on the absorption of water by seeds of hordeum vulgare in relation to the temperature coefficient of chemical change

1912 ◽  
Vol 85 (582) ◽  
pp. 546-553 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Suitable Medium ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Attention has previously been directed by one of us to the existence of a differential septum enclosing the seeds of Hordeum (barley). When the seeds are immersed in aqueous solutions of most electrolytes, and of many non-electrolytes, this covering behaves as a very efficient differential septum, water alone entering the seeds under the attractive influence of the finely granulated contents. The rate at which the water enters is considerably affected if substances are dissolved in it, being increased by some and diminished by others; it is also markedly dependent on the temperature of the water or solution in which the seeds are immersed. Variations of the rate at which water enters with alterations of the experimental conditions are presumably due mainly to changes in the water, and the seeds of Hordeum would thus appear to be a very suitable medium for the investigation of the nature of the changes produced in water by the presence of dissolved substances or by alterations of temperature.

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