GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG REPRESENTATIVE POPULATIONS OF FIVE CHORISTONEURA SPECIES: C. OCCIDENTALIS, C. RETINIANA, C. BIENNIS, C. LAMBERTIANA, AND C. FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Stock ◽  
P. J. Castrovillo
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Starch Gel

AbstractThe genetic make-up of representative populations of five Choristoneura species was compared using starch gel electrophoresis. Species included C. occidentalis Freeman from Idaho, C. biennis Freeman from British Columbia, C. retiniana (Walsingham) (= C. viridis Freeman) from Oregon, C. lambertiana ponderosana Obraztsov from Colorado, and C. fumiferana (Clemens) from Maine. When variation at individual gene loci was examined, intraspecific variation was often as great, and sometimes greater, than interspecific variation and few significant differences were noted among the species. The highest levels of overall genetic similarity occurred among C. occidentalis, C. biennis, and C. retiniana. Relatively greater genetic distances were found between this group and C. lambertiana and C. fumiferana. C. fumiferana was most distantly related to all other groups. Genetic identity values fell within the range more commonly associated with conspecific populations rather than with separate species.

Allozyme relationships of some frogs (genus Rana) from Yunnan, China

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Sharbel ◽  
David M. Green ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe genetic relationships of four species of frogs, genus Rana, from Yunnan, China, were investigated using starch gel electrophoresis of isozymes. Rana chaochiaoensis, R. pleuraden, R. phrynoides and R. limnocharis, representing four different species groups, were compared to each other and to representative species from other parts of Asia: R. amurensis from eastern Siberia, R. japonica from Japan, and R. nigromaculata from Korea. Twenty-four isozyme loci were reliably detected and scored, of which all but one were variable. R. chaochiaoensis, R. japonica and R. amurensis, all members of the Eurasian "brown frog" group, clustered together as a group although genetic distances were comparatively high. The "pond frogs", R. nigromaculata and R. pleuraden, similarly clustered together. Both R. phrynoides and R. limnocharis were highly divergent from the other species, but R. phrynoides seemed to be more closely affiliated with the "pond frogs" than with the "brown frogs". The data indicate that the highly enigmatic 64-chromosome karyotype of R. phrynoides arose from among 26-chromosome ancestors. The relationships of R. limnocharis cannot be precisely defined. Genetic divergence among Asiatic Rana appears to be very high.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Weedy Purple Loosestrife (Lytrhum salicaria L.) Populations and Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 856F-856
Author(s):  
Mark S. Strefeler ◽  
Elizabeth Darmo ◽  
Roger L. Becker ◽  
Elizabeth J. Katovich
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Purple Loosestrife ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Starch Gel

Starch gel electrophoresis of plant proteins was used to genetically identify purple loosestrife (Lythrum spp.) cultivars and weedy populations. Preliminary determinations were made as to what degree weedy loosestrife populations were related (or genetically similar) to populations of L. alatum, L. virgatum, and horticultural cultivars. Cluster analysis of the data indicated that native L. alatum was genetically different from all populations of purple loosestrife and cultivars examined. The L. salicaria and L. virgatum cultivars, as groups, were not genetically distinguishable from the weedy populations analyzed. Seven cultivars of L. salicaria origin analyzed as a group were not distinguishable from the eight cultivars of L. virgatum origin, indicating that separation by cultivar origin may not be feasible. While the two “groups” were not distinguishable, most individual cultivars could be distinguished from one another by isozyme phenotype. Genetic variation was high within populations of weedy purple loosestrife but low among populations, which is characteristic of polyploid, perennial plant species that are widely distributed. Geographic location did not consistently correlate with genetic similarity.

Intraspecific genetic variability of isozymes in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus tomentosus

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Kenneth O. Higginbotham ◽  
Bruce P. Dancik ◽  
Stan Navratil
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Host Selection ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Habitat Isolation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Starch Gel

Mycelial extracts of 43 isolates of Suillus tomentosus (Kauffm.) Singer, Snell & Dick collected from four boreal forest regions in Alberta were subjected to starch gel electrophoresis. A total of 21 bands was resolved from eight different enzyme systems presumably representing 13 loci. Six loci were polymorphic among these isolates. Cluster and principal components analyses demonstrated that intraspecific genetic variability of this fungus existed among and within forest regions. Polymorphic loci of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase exhibited the greatest genetic similarity among the isolates within forest regions. Habitat isolation and host selection could be the major sources of genetic variation among forest regions.

Allozyme differentiation among gopher tortoises (Gopherus): conservation genetics and phylogenetic and taxonomic implications

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1665-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Morafka ◽  
Gustavo Aguirre L. ◽  
Robert W. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Direct Count ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Weinberg Expectation

The genetic diversity among 18 loci within and among four species of gopher tortoises was investigated using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Within species variation ranged from 2 to 4% by direct count and from 2 to 8% by Hardy–Weinberg expectation. Of the loci resolved, 11–22% expressed variation. The northern and southern populations of Gopherus flavomarginatus could not be distinguished. No fixed differences were observed between G. agassizii and G. berlandieri, as reflected in a Nei genetic distance of 0.008. These latter species may be little more than allopatric populations of G. agassizii. Differentiation between the two remaining species was not extensive; G. polyphemus was only slightly distinct from G. flavomarginatus, being separated by a Nei genetic distance of only 0.006. The two pairs of species were separated by an average genetic distance of 0.200. The evolutionary rates of divergence were observed to be unequal, especially between G. polyphemus and G. flavomarginatus. The overall genetic similarity suggests a relatively recent age of origin.

Genetic Relationships among Populations of Alaskan Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Gharrett ◽  
S. M. Shirley ◽  
G. R. Tromble
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The South ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Starch Gel

Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected from 13 Alaskan drainages were genetically characterized at 28 protein coding loci using starch–gel electrophoresis. Chinook salmon in western Alaska are generally quite similar to each other but are distinct from the more diverse southeastern Alaskan populations. Genetic compositions of southeastern Alaskan populations are generally intermediate between those of western Alaska and previously studied non-Alaskan populations to the south. Given that chinook salmon survived the Wisconsin glaciation in both the Bering and Pacific refuges, we propose that chinook salmon from both refuges participated in the post-Wisconsin colonization of southeastern Alaskan rivers.

Genetic polymorphism and evolution in parthenogenetic animals. IV. Triploid Otiorrhynchus salicis Ström (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhani Lokki ◽  
Pekka Lankinen ◽  
Anssi Saura ◽  
Esko Suomalainen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
Bisexual Population ◽  
Starch Gel

AbstractThe genetic variability at 20 enzyme loci in natural populations of Otiorrhynchus salicis Ström was studied by starch gel electrophoresis. Altogether 135 weevils were analyzed. The samples originated from a diploid bisexual population in Austria, from four triploid parthenogenetic populations in the Carpathian mountains, and from three triploid parthenogenetic populations in central Sweden. Altogether 16 different genotypes were found in triploid parthenogenetic populations. Two major types, comprising 39 out of the 76 parthenogenetic individuals, occur both in Scandinavia and in central Europe. The less frequent types can be derived from these through mutations. O. salicis is a flightless insect, which has been assumed to have overwintered the Würm glaciation in icefree refugia in Scandinavia. The overall genetic similarity found in the material suggests that the parthenogenetic race spread to its isolated Scandinavian area in postglacial times.

Biochemical systematics of the leaf-mining moth family Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera). I. Allozyme variability in the Stigmella betulicola, S. lapponica and S. marginicolella groups

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142
Author(s):  
S.B.J. Menken ◽  
J.W. van DRIEL
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allozyme Variability ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Species Groups

AbstractAllozyme variability at eight loci among nine species belonging to the Stigmella betulicola, S. lapponica and S. marginicolella species-groups was studied using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Mean observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.086 in S. sakhalinella to 0.135 in S. continuella. Genetic distances were generally very large and ranged from 1.269 between S. confusella and S'. lapponica to 8.041 between S. sakhalinella and S. luteella. Moreover, S. continuella did not share any allele with S. alnetella, S. luteella and S. microtheriella. The species-groups could be clearly identified using their allozyme variability and for each species several diagnostic loci were assigned. A dendrogram based on Nei's unbiased genetic distances corroborated the current taxonomic views based on morphological characters.

A revision of the species of Porphyra (Rhodophyta: Bangiales) occurring in British Columbia and adjacent waters

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2066-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra C. Lindstrom ◽  
Kathleen M. Cole
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
One New Species ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Electrophoresis Of Proteins

Starch gel electrophoresis of proteins of Porphyra species occurring in British Columbia and nearby areas has provided new data on species identities. One new species is described, Porphyra kurogii (formerly identified as North Pacific P. purpurea), and its eastern Pacific distribution limit is extended from northern to southern British Columbia. Porphyra maculosa is recognized to be a taxonomic synonym of P. fucicola; new distribution records are provided. Porphyra cuneiformis is the correct name for specimens formerly identified as P. miniata in the area, and P. occidentalis is the correct name for most local specimens of P. "variegata." A key to the 21 species and 2 subspecies of Porphyra currently recognized in Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and southeast Alaska is provided. The key includes the recently described P. mumfordii, P. fallax ssp. fallax, and P. fallax ssp. conwayae. Key words: isozymes, key, Porphyra, taxonomy.

Genetic distances between the populations of Cyrtodactylus kotschyi (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Apulia and Greece

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orfeo Picariello ◽  
Giovanni Scillitani
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Anthropogenic Origin ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Recent Origin

The origin of the Apulian population of Cyrtodactylus kotschyi is debated. Two hypotheses have been made: 1) natural origin due to land bridges linking Apulia to the Balcanic Peninsula in times past; 2) anthropogenic origin. In this work the variations of isozimic frequencies by means of starch gel electrophoresis among Apulian and Greek populations of this gecko were studied. The data suggest a recent origin of the Apulian population due to importation.

scholarly journals Genetic evidence for two species of the genus Pimelodus Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) in the Iguaçu River (Brazil)

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erasmo Renesto ◽  
Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki ◽  
Eloísa Revaldaves
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Evidence ◽  
Genetic Identity ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Enzyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Iguaçu River

The existence of reproductive isolation between two morphs of catfish, endemic to the Iguaçu River (Brazil), was examined by enzyme starch gel electrophoresis. Tissues of 19 catfish (Pimelodus ortmanni) and 15 of a similar morph (Pimelodus sp.), which differs from P. ortmanni by presenting larger and more scattered dusky spots on its skin, were analyzed. A Nei's (1978) genetic identity of 0.551 was determined by the analysis of 22 enzyme loci. The loci EST*1, EST*2, GDH*1, GPI*1, GPI*2, IDH*1, MDH*1, MDH*2, and PGM*1 were fixed for different alleles in each morph, that is, no heterozygote was found for these loci. The enzymatic patterns observed for the two morphs indicate both that the taxa are reproductively isolated and that they in fact represent separate species.

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