NUMERICAL RESPONSE OF COCCINELLIDS TO APHIDS IN CORN IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 977-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Wright ◽  
J. E. Laing
Keyword(s):  
Coleomegilla Maculata ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Numerical Response ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid ◽  
Aphid Populations

AbstractPopulations of two abundant coccinellid species, Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake and Hippodamia tredecimpunctata tibialis Say, responded rapidly to corn leaf aphid populations [Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)] once the aphids became exposed to predation when the plants tasselled. Coleomegilla m. lengi oviposited at lower densities of aphids than did H. t. tibialis but H. t. tibialis was shown to have a greater numerical response than C. m. lengi at high densities of aphids due to its greater fecundity. The numerical response of the coccinellids by oviposition was linear with a lag of 1/2 week behind the aphid population.

Aphid Populations and Spread of Peanut Mottle Virus1

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Highland ◽  
J. W. Demski ◽  
J. H. Chalkley
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract Higher percentages of peanuts than soybeans or cowpeas become infected when these crops are growing equal distances from a source of peanut mottle virus (PMV). The total number of aphids trapped in these crops are about equal and cannot explain this differential percentage infection. Known vectors of PMV such as Aphis craccivora Koch and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) comprised 31% of the aphid population in peanuts compared to 14% in soybeans and 17% in cowpeas and could be responsible for the higher number of peanut infections. In addition, trapping of live aphids in peanut fields showed that viruliferous Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) were present. Laboratory studies confirmed R. maidis could transmit PMV from peanut to peanut. This is the first report of R. maidis as a vector of PMV.

scholarly journals The Effects of Νatural Enemies on Aphid Populations on Processing Tomato in Central Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ρ. Lykouressis ◽  
D. CH. Perdikis ◽  
CH. Α. Chalkia
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
Population Peak ◽  
Population Suppression ◽  
Aphid Populations

Two species of aphids, Macrosiphion euphorbiae (Thomas) and Myzus persicae cae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) were the only ones which developed populations on processing tomato in a two year study conducted in central Greece. The aphid population structure showed that M. euphorbiae was much more abundant than M. persicae in both years. The former species peaked in August whilst the latter did not show any particular peak over the two successive years. Some species of natural enemies were recorded. Orius niger Wolff was found in low numbers scattered over a long period but mainly towards the end of the growing season, and it did not correlate with the aphid population. The rate of parasitism of M. euphorbiae by Aphelinus abdominalis Dalman and Praon volucre (Haliday) was very low and it seemed that these two parasitoid species did not have any particular effect on the aphid population suppression. Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur was the key natural enemy and the most abundant and effective among the predators found. Its highest numbers occurred towards the end of the growing season following the aphid population peak, suggesting a numerical response of this species to its prey. A proportion of the population of M. pygmaeus occurring on tomato plants after fruit harvesting, might he collected and subsequently released in crops such as tomato, pepper and eggplant to biologically control pests in greenhouses, like aphids and whiteflies, thus contributing to the production of healthy vegetable products.

SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF RED AND GREEN MORPHS OF THE TOBACCO APHID (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON FLUE-CURED TOBACCO IN GEORGIA

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Myzus Nicotianae ◽  
Aphid Populations ◽  
Tobacco Aphid

The seasonal abundance of red and green morphs of the tobacco aphid, Myzus nicotianae Blackman, was investigated on flue-cured tobacco in Georgia during 1987–1988. The effect of tobacco transplantation date also was examined in 1988. Aphid populations peaked on tobacco in mid-June 1987, then rapidly declined following the removal of the terminal floral branch (topping). Early season samples contained both green and red morphs; however, by early June, and throughout the remainder of the season, the aphid population was almost exclusively comprised of the red morph. Similar results were obtained in 1988, although population densities were higher and peaked earlier in the early transplanting (30 March) compared to the 14 April and 28 April transplantings. Regardless of transplanting date, the red morphs began a rapid population increase about 45 days after transplantation, and this increase continued until plants were topped. Daily high temperatures exceeding 35°C did not appear detrimental to the red morphs in these field experiments.

EFFECTS OF INFESTATIONS BY THE CORN LEAF APHID, RHOPALOSIPHUM MAIDIS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), ON FIELD CORN IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Foott ◽  
P. R. Timmins
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Moisture Conditions

AbstractThe effects of various levels of infestation of the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), on yield of field corn were examined from 1965 to 1970 inclusive when all plants whose yield might have been influenced by factors other than aphid feeding were excluded from the data. A possible relationship between moisture stress in plants and degree of aphid injury was also investigated.A light infestation (maximum of 400 aphids on the tassel) caused average yield reductions up to 8.3% when plants were under moisture stress, but nil to negligible losses when moisture was adequate. Moderate infestations (many hundreds of aphids on part of the tassel) produced average losses up to 34.8% under drought conditions and up to 11.8% when moisture was abundant. Severe infestations (many hundreds of aphids on most of the tassel) caused average yield reductions ranging from 43.2 to 91.8% when plants were under water stress and up to 58.9% even with abundant moisture. Very severely infested plants (many hundreds on all of the tassel and whorl leaves) were usually barren or had ears with just a few kernels regardless of moisture conditions.Most injury from aphid feeding appeared to occur before and during pollination. No particular combination of temperature and rainfall favored aphid buildup.

scholarly journals Comparisons Between Alate Aphids Caught in Υellow Water Traps and Aphid Populations on Tomato Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lykouressis ◽  
D. CH. Perdikis ◽  
CH.A. Chalkia ◽  
S. C. Vardaki
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Water Traps ◽  
Plant Sampling ◽  
Trap Catches ◽  
Aphid Populations

Aphid monitoring was conducted by means of yellow Moericke water traps placed in tomato fields in two different localities in Co Boiotia during the growing seasons in 1992 and 1993. Additionally, aphid population densities were estimated by plant sampling. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were the only species which developed populations on plants. Regression analysis between the number of alates from traps with either the number of alates or the total aphid population on plants showed that there was no correlation in the case of M. persicae for both localities and years. However, there were significant relationships between the number of alates in traps and either the number of alates on plants (r2=0.83) or the total aphid population on plants (r2=0.69) for M. euphorbiae in 1992. In 1993, such significant relationships were not found for the latter species, most probably due to extremely low trap catches. Significant relationships were also found between alates in traps, during their immigration period, with either alates on plants (r2=0.93) or the total population on plants (r2=0.80) in M. euphorbiae in 1992.

scholarly journals Herbivore-induced emissions of maize volatiles repel the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco L. Bernasconi ◽  
Ted C. J. Turlings ◽  
Lara Ambrosetti ◽  
Paolo Bassetti ◽  
Silvia Dorn
Keyword(s):  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid

scholarly journals Seed Treatment Evaluated for Greenbug Control in Sorghum, 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-265
Author(s):  
P. E. Sloderbeck ◽  
M. D. Witt ◽  
L. L. Buschman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid ◽  
Aphid Populations

Abstract Seed of 3 sorghum hybrids treated with 0, 2 or 4 oz (AI)/cwt of Gaucho were furnished by Gustafson. The hybrids used in the study were NC+ 271, a greenbug susceptible hybrid; DK 56, a biotype-E resistant hybrid; and Cargill 607E, a biotype-I resistant hybrid. All 3 hybrids were pretreated with Captan and Concept and the DK 56 was also pretreated with Apron. The seed was planted on 2 Jun in a modified Latin square design with 3 replications. Each plot was 2 rows wide (5 ft) and 22 ft long. The seed was planted at the rate of 5 g per row using a cone planter. On 15 Jun (with sorghum in 2 leaf stage), greenbug counts were made by visually searching 10 consecutive plants in each row of each plot. On 20 Jul, corn leaf aphid populations were counted by cutting the whorl from 2 plants per plot and counting the number of aphids observed as the leaves were unrolled. On 10—12 Aug, 4 plants per plot were visually examined for greenbugs. On 20 Aug, 2 plants per plot were cut off at the base and then visually examined to estimate greenbug numbers. Yield was determined by machine harvesting the plots on 5 Nov.

scholarly journals Effects of Host Plants Reared under Elevated CO2 Concentrations on the Foraging Behavior of Different Stages of Corn Leaf Aphids Rhopalosiphum maidis

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Clément Martin ◽  
Junior Corneille Fingu Mabola ◽  
François Verheggen ◽  
Zhenying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Climate change is a major environmental concern and is directly related to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases. The increase in concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), not only affects plant growth and development, but also affects the emission of plant organic volatile compounds (VOCs). Changes in the plant odor profile may affect the plant-insect interactions, especially the behavior of herbivorous insects. In this study, we compared the foraging behavior of corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings grown under contrasted CO2 concentrations. During the dual choice bioassays, the winged and wingless aphids were more attracted by the VOCs of barley seedlings cultivated under ambient CO2 concentrations (aCO2; 450 ppm) than barley seedlings cultivated under elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2; 800 ppm), nymphs were not attracted by the VOCs of eCO2 barley seedlings. Then, volatile compositions from 14-d-old aCO2 and eCO2 barley seedlings were investigated by GC-MS. While 16 VOCs were identified from aCO2 barley seedlings, only 9 VOCs were found from eCO2 barley seedlings. At last, we discussed the potential role of these chemicals observed during choice bioassays. Our findings lay foundation for functional response of corn leaf aphid under climate change through host plant modifications.

Toxicological Study of Dimlor (A Mixture of Dimethoate and Chlorpyrifos) Against Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis. (Fitch) under Different Micro-climatic Conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Tahir . ◽  
Tahir Anwar . ◽  
Mohammad Rafiq Khan . ◽  
Shaugafta Aziz . ◽  
Mohammad Ilyas . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Toxicological Study ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid
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