MONITORING OF ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Wiesner ◽  
P. J. Silk ◽  
S.-H. Tan ◽  
S. Fullarton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations ◽  
Air Permeation

The disruption of insect mating with sex pheromones by the air permeation technique is a complex problem influenced by a number of variables. Not least among these is the actual atmospheric concentration of pheromone during the course of the experiment. While closely related to the measured release rate from a formulation, the atmospheric concentration should be regarded separately since a number of other factors may intervene, e.g., chemical instability, foliage adsorption, and the differential effects of formulation weathering in the laboratory and the field.The present study was conducted in conjunction with small scale field trials involving an aerially applied hollow fiber formulation of the sex pheromone of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferanu (Clem.), I1 -tetradecenal (97:3::E:Z). (Hereafter referred to as pheromone.)

EFFECTS OF (E)-9-DODECEN-1-YL FORMATE ON THE SEX PHEROMONE RESPONSE OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders ◽  
J. Weatherston ◽  
G. G. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Trapping ◽  
Pheromone Response

AbstractFormates analogous to the aldehyde sex pheromones of several species of Lepidoptera have been shown to have biological activity, (E)-9-Dodecen-1-yl formate was therefore tested against male spruce budworm (C. fumiferana) by EAGs and by field trapping experiments designed to test for attraction, inhibition, and disruption. No biological activity was detected.

EFFECTS OF BLENDS OF SEX PHEROMONE ISOMERS ON MATING AND ELECTROANTENNOGRAMS OF SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ross ◽  
W. D. Seabrook ◽  
G. C. Lonergan ◽  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
B. Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
A Current ◽  
Female Laboratory

AbstractMale and female laboratory reared spruce budworm moths, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were placed in cages in a conifer forest, and the surrounding air permeated by each of four blends of the E and Z isomers of the sex pheromone (11-tetradecenal) at two concentrations. Mating suppression of 53–83% was found for each blend tested. At one concentration the four suppressions were similar, while at the other only one was significantly different. Electroantennograms (EAGs) were obtained from male moths for each of six E:Z blends at four concentrations. EAGs were similar for most blends at a given concentration, but tended to be larger than at a blend of 0E:100Z.These results were discussed using a current hypothesis on the ability of males to detect sex pheromone in air containing pockets of different isomeric blends.

NON-TARGET LEPIDOPTERA CAPTURED IN TRAPS BAITED WITH SPRUCE BUDWORM PHEROMONE IN ONTARIO

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067-1076
Author(s):  
C.J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Conflictana

AbstractTraps baited with a 95:5 blend of E:Z-11-tetradecenal, the sex pheromone of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were deployed throughout several summers in Ontario to determine what other Lepidoptera were captured that might be confused with the male C. fumiferana. Eight other species of Tortricidae were captured with sufficient frequency to suggest that they were attracted to the traps: Choristoneura conflictana Wlk. (the large aspen tortrix), six species of Acleris, and one Gretchena species. Of these, C. conflictana can easily be confused with C. fumiferana. The evidence suggests that male C. conflictana were not attracted by the pheromone, but blundered into the traps. They are very similar morphologically to male C. fumiferana, but can be differentiated with care.

Identification of the sex pheromone of Cochylis arthuri (Lepidoptera: Cochylidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 713-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Foster ◽  
B.D. Morris ◽  
L.D. Charlet ◽  
T. Gross ◽  
S. Grugel
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tetradecenyl Acetate ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Sunflower Moth ◽  
Common Field ◽  
Respective Species

AbstractThe sex pheromone of Cochylis arthuri Dang was identified as a 80:20 mixture of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:OAc) and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc). Cochylis arthuri is a congener of the banded sunflower moth, Cochylis hospes Walsingham, which is a major pest of sunflower, Helianthus spp. (Compositae), in the Great Plains region of North America. Both are found sympatrically on sunflower in this region, although C. arthuri appears to be less common. Field testing of various blends, in sticky traps, showed that a loading of 80 µg Z11-14:OAc and 20 µg E11-14:OAc on a red rubber septum gave the best catches. In field trials in sunflower plots, traps baited with either the C. hospes blend or the best blend tested for C. arthuri only caught significant numbers, relative to blank traps, of males of the respective species, suggesting that the sex pheromones of the two species are specific under those conditions. The identification of an attractive blend of the sex pheromone of C. arthuri will give researchers another tool to investigate the pest status of C. arthuri on sunflowers.

LABORATORY BIOASSAY OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE FEMALE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Minor Peak ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Number Of Males

AbstractA simple and inexpensive olfactometer based on that of Gaston and Shorey (1964) is described for bioassaying the sex pheromone of the eastern spruce budworm. The number of males buzzing (rapidly beating their wings while circling on the substrate) after the introduction of the sample into the airstream of the olfactometer was used as measure of response. Males held under continuous illumination showed maximum response when 2 to 3 days old. Under natural lighting males showed a circadian rhythm, with peak response shortly after dark and a minor peak in mid-morning. Since per cent response under continuous illumination exceeded the maximum response under natural lighting, it is recommended that bioassays be carried out with 2- to 3-day-old males held under continuous illumination.

CONTROLLED-RELEASE SEX PHEROMONE LURES FOR MONITORING SPRUCE BUDWORM POPULATIONS

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Sanders ◽  
E.A. Meighen
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Hollow Fibers ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Capture Rates

AbstractFive formulations of the primary sex pheromone components of the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]) were evaluated as lures for monitoring spruce budworm populations: Biolures (Consep Membranes Inc.), Luretape plastic flakes (Hercon, Healthchem Corp.), polyethylene vials (International Pheromone Systems), hollow fibers (Albany International), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pellets. PVC pellets showed significant loss in attractiveness over the required 6-week period. Also, different batches of PVC pellets had very different rates of pheromone release and attraction; the oldest lures, stored for the longest period, were the most attractive. Luretape caught fewer moths than anticipated from the release-rate data and showed wide variation in catch among individual lures. Fibers were inconsistent. Biolures and polyethylene vials showed the lowest decline in attractiveness over time and the lowest variation in catch among individual lures, but their capture rates were higher than necessary.

BEHAVIOURAL EFFECTS OF SECONDARY COMPONENTS OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1053-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Alford ◽  
P. J. Silk ◽  
M. McClure ◽  
C. Gibson ◽  
J. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Number Of Males

AbstractLaboratory wind tunnel and field observations have demonstrated an important behavioural role of tetradecanal (14:Ald) in the chemical communication system of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). A greater number of males initiated upwind flight and continued on to contact the source when 14:Ald was present than with 95/5 E/Z11-tetradecenal (E/Z11-14:Ald) alone. The presence of E11-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (E11-14:Ac) decreased the males' responsiveness to the aldehydes. Its effect appeared to be attenuated, when present at low levels with 95/5 E/Z11-14:Ald, by the presence of 14:Ald, but it is still unclear what effects low levels of E11-14:Ac have on male behaviour.

ELECTROANTENNOGRAMS FROM SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS (CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) OF DIFFERENT AGES AND FOR VARIOUS PHEROMONE CONCENTRATIONS

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 807-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Ross ◽  
P. Palaniswamy ◽  
W.D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Peak Response ◽  
Antennal Response ◽  
Pheromone Reception ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Regular Increase ◽  
Source Concentration

AbstractAn electroantennogram (EAG) technique, which indicates electrochemical activity in a whole antenna, was used to study sex pheromone reception in spruce budworm moth antennae. For both males and females the EAG exhibited a phasic depolarization, reaching maximum near the end of a puff stimulation, followed immediately by repolarization which was prolonged by increasing amounts as the source concentration of the pheromone was increased. The dose–response curves for both sexes were sigmoid in shape, but they indicated that female antennae have a higher threshold and a lower peak response than that of males. Antennal response changed with age, being a regular increase and decrease for females and irregular for males.

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