WHITEFLIES (ALEYRODIDAE) ATTACKING CITRUS IN SOUTHERN TEXAS WITH NOTES ON NATURAL ENEMIES

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (12) ◽  
pp. 1253-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Meyerdirk ◽  
J. B. Kreasky ◽  
W. G. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Dialeurodes Citri ◽  
Aschersonia Aleyrodis ◽  
Amitus Hesperidum

AbstractFive species of whiteflies (Aleyrodidae) were found on citrus in southern Texas: Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell), Paraleyrodes citri Bondar, Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), and D. citrifolii (Morgan). Parasite records for this area were Amitus hesperidum Silvestri (Platygastridae) and Prospaltella opulenta Silvestri (both Encyrtidae) attacking A. woglumi; Eretmocerus sp. near paulistus Hem. (Encyrtidae), Amitus sp., and Prospaltella sp. attacking A. floccosus; and Prospaltella sp. attacking P. citri. Predators recorded were Delphastus pusillus (Le Conte) (Coccinellidae) feeding on A. floccosus; D. pusillus and Nephaspis amnicola Wingo (Coccinellidae) feeding on P. citri. A pathogenic fungus, Aschersonia aleyrodis Webber, was found attacking D. citri.

EFFECTS OF FLORIDA CITRUS PEST CONTROL PRACTICES ON THE CITRUS BLACKFLY (HOMOPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) AND ITS ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Ronald H. Cherry ◽  
Robert V. Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Integrated Control Strategies ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Amitus Hesperidum ◽  
Predator Complex

AbstractThe postbloom and summer sprays recommended in Florida commercial citrus cultures for management of insect and mite pests and phytopathogenic diseases caused a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, infesting urban dooryard citrus. There were no observed adverse chronic effects on populations of the parasite Amitus hesperidum Silvestri, or the predator complex consisting of spiders, chrysopids, and coccinellids attributable to the chemical treatments. The absence of chronic pesticide-induced interference with biological control agents was interpreted as an indication of the potential for development of integrated control strategies against A. woglumi should this insect invade commercial citrus areas in Florida.

scholarly journals Citrus Blackfly Parasitoid, Amitus hesperidum Silvestri (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Amitus Hesperidum

Amitus hesperidum Silvestri is one of the most effective parasites of the citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby. This parasite was described by Silvestri in 1927 from Aleurocanthus citriperdus in Hong Kong and Singapore (Silvestri 1927). It was collected in India and introduced into Mexico for controlling citrus blackfly (Smith et al. 1964). Because of the success in Mexico, it was imported into Texas (Summy et al. 1983) and Florida (Hart et al. 1978) to suppress the population of citrus blackfly in these states. This document is EENY-243 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 311), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: October 2001.  EENY-243/IN511: A Citrus Blackfly Parasitoid, Amitus hesperidum Silvestri (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) (ufl.edu)

HERBERT D. SMITH’S OBSERVATIONS ON CITRUS BLACKFLY PARASITES IN INDIA AND MEXICO AND THE CORRELATED CIRCUMSTANCES

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Flanders
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Amitus Hesperidum

AbstractIn Mexico during the spring of 1950, four imported species of parasitic Hymenoptera (Amitus hesperidum Silvestri, Prospaltella smithi Silvestri, P. clypealis Silvestri, and P. opulenta Silvestri) were placed on populations of their natural host, the citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby. Their artificial distribution and establishment throughout areas in which the host species was extremely abundant and the observed adjustment of each to its host, to its competitors, and to distinctive regional environments revealed physiological and ecological factors that determined the dominance of one species over another. These factors and the circumstances of their occurrence during 1948 to 1953, inclusive, as reported by Herbert D. Smith, Entomologist of the United States Department of Agriculture, are reviewed and amplified.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Aleurocanthus woglumi in citrus plants, its natural enemies and new host plants in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1891-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Garcia Alvim ◽  
Elen de Lima Aguiar-Menezes ◽  
Aurino Florencio de Lima
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
The State ◽  
New Host ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT: Aleurocanthus woglumi is an exotic pest, widely disseminated in Brazil, with a high preference for citrus plants, but with a polyphagous feeding habit. The contribution of the state of Rio de Janeiro in the Brazilian production of citrus fruits is small; however, there are still public policies that encourage citrus production in the state. In 2010, the appearance of this pest in Rio de Janeiro was confirmed in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the dissemination of A. woglumi in this state, conduct a survey of new species of host plants, identify and evaluate the population of natural enemies present at two orchards that grow 'Tahiti' limes ( Citrus latifolia ) infested by the pest in Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ, Brazil. In 19 municipalities, leaves of citrus and other species of plants presenting aleyrodid nymphs were collected, and yellow sticky traps were installed to capture adults for subsequent identification. At the 'Tahiti' lime orchards, the leaf collections were done to confirm the species of Aleyrodidae , and regarding A. woglumi , the natural enemies associated with this pest were collected directly from the infested plants. The results showed that A. woglumi is wide-spread in 12 municipalities. Three new host plants for A. woglumi were identified: Artocarpus heterophyllus ( Moraceae ) , Pouteria caimito ( Sapotaceae ) and Struthanthus flexicaulis ( Loranthaceae ). In Cachoeiras de Macacu, a new species of parasitoid of A. woglumi nymphs was named: Encarsia pergandiella (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae ), while the insects in the Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) family have stood out as predators of this pest.

High-pressure freezing and freeze substitution of teliospores of the rust fungus Gymnosporangium clavipes

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 692-693
Author(s):  
Robert W. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
High Pressure Freezing ◽  
Thin Walled Structures ◽  
Cytological Changes ◽  
Dextran Solution

The use of cryo-techniques for the preparation of biological specimens in electron microscopy has led to superior preservation of ultrastructural detail. Although these techniques have obvious advantages, a critical limitation is that only 10-40 μm thick cells and tissue layers can be frozen without the formation of distorting ice crystals. However, thicker samples (600 μm) may be frozen well by rapid freezing under high-pressure (2,100 bar). To date, most work using cryo-techniques on fungi have been confined to examining small, thin-walled structures. High-pressure freezing and freeze substitution are used here to analysis pre-germination stages of specialized, sexual spores (teliospores) of the plant pathogenic fungus Gymnosporangium clavipes C & P.Dormant teliospores were incubated in drops of water at room temperature (25°C) to break dormancy and stimulate germination. Spores were collected at approximately 30 min intervals after hydration so that early cytological changes associated with spore germination could be monitored. Prior to high-pressure freezing, the samples were incubated for 5-10 min in a 20% dextran solution for added cryoprotection during freezing. Forty to 50 spores were placed in specimen cups and holders and immediately frozen at high pressure using the Balzers HPM 010 apparatus.

Antimalarials from an unidentified plant pathogenic fungus isolated from Torreya taxifolia

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kumarihamy ◽  
S Khan ◽  
D Ferreira ◽  
E Croom Jr ◽  
S Duke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungus

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

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