BROOD BIONOMICS OF BOMBUS RUDERATUS IN NEW ZEALAND (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Colony Size ◽  
Male Production ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Bombus Ruderatus

AbstractObservations of five free foraging colonies of Bombus (Megabombus) ruderatus (Fab.) are reported with respect to brood production and mortality. Emphasis is given to the nutrition of larvae and new adults, and larval ejection. Seasonal trends in the sex, caste, and size of adults are reported. Colony size was relatively large for a temperate Bombus species. Intraspecific variation in colony size was related to the timing of male production.

Comparison of the Temperature Responses of Barnacles From Britain, South Africa and New Zealand, With Special Reference to Temperature Acclimation In Elminius Modestus

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Ritz ◽  
B. A. Foster
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Ecological Range

IntroductionThe importance of temperature in limiting the distribution of marine invertebrates by its effects on breeding and survival has been shown by Orton (1920) and Hutchins (1947). Prosser (1955) recognized the use of physiological variation in describing interspecific relations, intraspecific variation and the limits of ecological range. The effects of temperature on marine organisms have been reviewed by Kinne (1963). Temperature responses are to a certain extent genetically fixed and species characteristic, although it is well known that many species can adjust these responses with changing temperatures.

502. The vitamin A potency of New Zealand butter

1953 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. R. McDowell ◽  
F. H. McDowall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Summer Grazing

Results of a survey of the carotene and vitamin A contents, and of the vitamin A potency, of New Zealand butterfat and butter, are presented. The butter samples were drawn from twenty representative commercial factories at fortnightly intervals over three successive years (1946–8). The survey covers the analysis of 1517 samples of fresh butter and 670 samples of stored butter.There were uniform and regularly recurring seasonal variations in both carotene and vitamin A contents of butterfats from all North Island districts. Maximum values were found in the late-autumn/winter/early-spring, and minimum values in the late-summer/early-autumn butterfats. The seasonal trends were thus distinctly different from those which have been reported for northern hemisphere butterfats, for which the maximum values are commonly found during the summer grazing period.The seasonal variations in carotene and vitamin A contents of South Island butterfat were less marked and less consistent than those in the corresponding values for North Island butterfat.

Factors affecting the concentration of vitamins in milk: I. Effect of breed, season and geographical location on fat-soluble vitamins

1964 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Thompson ◽  
Kathleen M. Henry ◽  
S. K. Kon
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
The North

SummaryTwo surveys were done, one in 1943–44 and one in 1958–60, of the seasonal variation in the concentration of vitamin A and carotene in milk fat from 13 different areas in Great Britain. In the 1958–60 survey α-tocopherol and vitamin D were also measured. The main purpose of the second survey was to find out if the marked swing from Shorthorns to Friesians, and the trend towards greater use of carotene-rich foods in winter feeds that occurred in the intervening 15 years, had affected the pattern of vitamin A activity. In addition, monthly samples of butter were obtained in 1958–59 from a single factory in New Zealand during a complete butter-making season (9 months) and were assayed for vitamin A, carotene, α-tocopherol and vitamin D. Three experiments were done to study the effect of breed on the vitamin A and carotene content of milk fat, and in one of them α-tocopherol and vitamin D were also determined.The seasonal trends for vitamin A and carotene were essentially the same in both surveys. A peak occurred in May after the spring flush of grass and was followed by a decline with a second peak in the autumn, except in 1959 when both the summer and autumn were very dry. Potencies were higher in the south than in the north, where the differences between summer and winter were more marked. In winter, mean vitamin A potencies of 5·8 and 7·7 μg/g fat were found for northern and southern areas, respectively; the corresponding values for β-carotene were 2·0 and 4·5 μg/g fat. Mean summer values were 8·8 and 9·7 μg/g fat for vitamin A and 5·1 and 6·5 μg/g fat for carotene, equivalent to increases of about 52 and 26% and about 155 and 44%, respectively, over winter values. Differences in mean potency between areas are explained by length of grazing season and type of winter feed.The concentration of vitamin A in the fat was essentially the same for Ayrshires, Friesians, Jerseys and Shorthorns but somewhat lower for Guernseys; that of carotene was higher for the Channel Island breeds, particularly Guernseys, than for the other breeds studied.Compared with this country, concentrations of carotene were higher and of vitamin A lower in milk fat from New Zealand, probably because of the predominance of Jersey cows in New Zealand herds. The seasonal trends for these vitamins were similar in both countries, but the spring peaks were earlier, the autumn peaks later and the summer declines more pronounced in New Zealand than in this country.Concentrations of α-tocopherol in British milk fat showed a trend similar to that found for both vitamin A and carotene and were again influenced by feeding practices. Mean values of 23 and 29 μg α-tocopherol/g fat were found in the summer for northern and southern areas, respectively; the corresponding winter values were 15 and 23 μg/g fat. Mean values of about 30 μg/g fat were found, over a 28-month period, for the milk fat of each of the 3 breeds, Ayrshire, Friesian and Jersey. No seasonal trend was observed in the New Zealand samples; the mean value for the 9 months was 32 μg/g fat (range 24–39 μg).Vitamin D potencies were higher in summer, when there is more sunshine, than in winter. The higher summer values in the northern than in the southern part of the country may have been related to a higher intake of vitamin D in the former from hay and pasture. Summer potencies of 0·44, 0·53 and 0·62 i.u. vitamin D/g fat, respectively, were found for Friesian, Jersey and Ayrshire milk; corresponding winter values were 0·06, 0·08 and 0·9 i.u./g fat. For the New Zealand butters, summerues values were higher than in this country, about 0·7 compared with about 0·4 i.u./g fat; winter values were similar in both countries.

Revision of the whitefly genus, Asterochiton Maskell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from New Zealand, a study of intraspecific variation

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4859 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-341
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS A. MARTIN
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Brazilian Species

All the specimens of Asterochiton species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on slides in the New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Auckland, were examined. The study reveals that the genus is currently restricted to New Zealand and is redescribed here. Obvious generic characters are the sub-elliptical to sub-circular puparium with distinct invaginations at the thoracic and caudal pores. Seven species are described: Asterochiton asteliae sp. n. from Astelia trinervia (Asteliaceae), and A. arboreae sp. n., A. areolatae sp. n., A. foetidissimae sp. n., A. propinqua sp. n., A. rhamnoidis sp. n., and A. rotundifoliae sp. n. from small-leaved Coprosma spp. (Rubiaceae). There are now 12 named species of Asterochiton, but the Brazilian species, Asterochiton auricolor (Bondar, 1923), does not belong in the genus. Details of minute setae, previously overlooked in described species, are provided. The setae length was found to vary at specific positions. Two species infesting three species of Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) were observed having long and short setae on the abdomen, sometimes varying within a population from a single tree/host. Asterochiton pittospori Dumbleton is therefore synonymized with A. simplex. Additionally, the location of some setae varied on the subdorsal/submarginal area within a puparium. Chaetotaxy for Asterochiton species is proposed. A key to the puparia of Asterochiton species is provided. 

scholarly journals Progress in defining the significance of intraspecific variation to the success of the Argentine stem weevil parasitoid in New Zealand

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Phillips ◽  
M.R. McNeill ◽  
R.P. Cane ◽  
S.L. Goldson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
South American ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Geographic Populations ◽  
Listronotus Bonariensis ◽  
Microctonus Hyperodae

Releases of eight South American geographic populations of the parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae Loan (Hymenoptera Braconidae) began in New Zealand in 1991 to assist in the suppression of the pasture pest Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) (Coleoptera Curculionidae) A morphometric analysis of M hyperodae adults collected from five of the New Zealand release sites during 199294 indicated that parasitoids derived from west of the South American Andes were significantly less successful than those from east of the Andes It was postulated that parasitoids from west of the Andes were either poorly adapted to New Zealand conditions and unable to establish or were reasonably well adapted to New Zealand conditions but were slightly less competitive than parasitoids from east of the Andes Preliminary results from a field experiment where parasitoids from east and west of the Andes were released separately strongly support the latter possibility

scholarly journals Taxonomic Revision of Hook-Forming Acrosorium (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Northwestern Pacific Based on Morphology and Molecular Data

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2269
Author(s):  
Jeong Chan Kang ◽  
Showe-Mei Lin ◽  
Kathy Ann Miller ◽  
Myung Sook Kim
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Rbcl Phylogeny ◽  
Ambiguous Position

Cosmopolitan Acrosorium species with hook-forming thalli have been merged under the name of Acrosorium ciliolatum (Harvey) Kylin through a long and complicated nomenclatural history. We examined the specimens of ‘A. ciliolatum’ and related taxa from the northwestern (NW) Pacific, the UK, southern Spain, Australia, New Zealand, and Chile, using morphological and molecular analyses. We confirmed that these specimens are separated into four clades based on rbcL phylogeny, and the absence or presence of terminal hook-like structures represent intraspecific variation. Our results indicated that Acrosorium flabellatum Yamada, Cryptopleura hayamensis Yamada, Cryptopleura membranacea Yamada and the entities known as ‘A. ciliolatum’ in the NW Pacific are conspecific; the name A. flabellatum is the oldest and has priority. This taxon exhibits extreme variations in external blade morphology. We also confirmed that the position of the tetrasporangial sori is a valuable diagnostic characteristic for distinguishing A. flabellatum in the NW Pacific. We also discussed the need for further study of European and southern hemisphere specimens from type localities, as well as the ambiguous position of California specimens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document