SEX PHEROMONES AND SUPPRESSION OF THE CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 781-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer A. C. Hagley
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Economic Control ◽  
Mature Apple ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

Several authors (Charmillot and Baggiolini 1975; Proverbs et al. 1975; Roelofs et al. 1976; MacLellan 1976) have stated that mass-trapping male codling moths with sex pheromones did not provide economic control of this pest. MacLellan (1976), however, reported suppression of codling moth populations in unsprayed orchards 2-3 ha in size and Madsen et al. (1976) obtained similar results in orchards in which sprays were not applied specifically for codling moth control. In 1975 and 1976 similar studies were undertaken in three 0.5–0.75 ha plots (A, B, C) of mature apple trees at Vineland (Hagley 1970). Plots A and B had not received insecticide sprays from 1969 to 1974 and had relatively high codling moth infestation levels (Table I). Plot C had been on a pest management program since 1971.

scholarly journals Operational Parameters for the Aerial Release of Sterile Codling Moths Using an Uncrewed Aircraft System

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan D. Esch ◽  
Rachael M. Horner ◽  
Dustin C. Krompetz ◽  
Nathan Moses-Gonzales ◽  
Melissa R. Tesche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Wide Swath

The codling moth is a serious pest of apples in most regions of the world where this fruit is produced. The sterile insect technique is one strategy used to control this pest and is employed as part of an area-wide integrated pest management program for the codling moth in British Columbia, Canada. Modified fixed wing aircraft are the most common method for the release of sterile insects in large area-wide pest management programs. However, aerial release with a full-size aircraft can be prohibitively expensive. We evaluated the use of small, uncrewed aircraft systems (UASs) for the release of sterile codling moths. Sterile codling moths released from greater altitudes were more broadly distributed and drifted more in strong winds, compared to those released from lower altitudes. Most of the released insects were recaptured in a 50 m wide swath under the release route. Recapture rates for aerially released insects were 40–70% higher compared to those released from the ground. UASs provide a promising alternative to ground release and conventional aircraft for the release of sterile codling moths.

EVALUATION OF PHEROMONE BAITED TRAPS IN A PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ON PEARS FOR CODLING MOTH CONTROL

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Westigard ◽  
K. L. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella

AbstractTraps baited with the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), sex pheromone, trans-8, trans- 10-dodecadien-1-ol, were evaluated for their suitability in a pest management program in an area of high host abandonment. Modifications in trap design, trap condition, or pheromone cap type resulted in variation in male moth catch. In commercial orchards the necessity of both interior and perimeter traps is indicated. Reduction in pesticide sprays was obtained in two of the four orchards monitored, but utilization of traps in a pest management program is hampered by several factors including orchard design, grower attitude, and considerations of cultural practices.

A LOW-SPRAY APPLE-PEST-MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR SMALL ORCHARDS

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Prokopy
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Petroleum Oil

AbstractFrom 1981 to 1984, a low-spray management program was employed against injurious arthropods on the 40 disease-resistant apple trees in my experimental orchard in Massachusetts. The program consisted of an annual early-season application of petroleum oil followed by 2 applications of phosmet (1 at petal fall and another 10–14 days later). Visual traps were used to suppress Rhagoletis pomonella flies. For all years combined, a mean of 89.7% of fruit sampled at harvest in this orchard was free of insect injury compared with 0% uninjured fruit on neighboring unsprayed trees. Populations of foliar-feeding pests never reached injurious levels.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

Semiochemical-based integrated pest management of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in British Columbia’s forest industry: implemented in 1982 and still running

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
John H. Borden ◽  
Eveline Stokkink
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Tolerable Level

AbstractThree species of ambrosia beetles (Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier), Gnathotrichus sulcatus (LeConte), and G. retusus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)) have been estimated to cause annual losses of $95–$189 million in degrade of logs and lumber on the British Columbia coast, in Canada. A consultant-run semiochemical-based integrated pest management programme was implemented in 1982 against these beetles, following fulfilment of four prerequisites: (1) presence of receptive potential clients, (2) availability of semiochemical lures, (3) invention of an operational trap, and (4) proof of concept of mass trapping technology. The programme is based on two broad strategies: maintain the problem at a tolerable level and, if necessary, reduce the problem to a tolerable level. One measure of effectiveness over 12 years of mass trapping at a dryland sort near Sooke, on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, was 16.4 million beetles trapped and an estimated five to one benefit-to-cost ratio. Despite success, several factors have conspired to reduce the programme from 50 sites serviced in early years to 7 in 2018. Timber companies in British Columbia are currently showing renewed interest and are taking steps to incorporate the integrated pest management programme as a formal component of their overall operations.

scholarly journals Hydraulic resistance components of mature apple trees on rootstocks of different vigours

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 4213-4224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cohen ◽  
A. Naor ◽  
J. Bennink ◽  
A. Grava ◽  
M. Tyree
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Resistance Components ◽  
Mature Apple

scholarly journals Improving Ceratitis capitata control through the mass trapping technique in an IPM programme on apricots in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elimem
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Conventional Approach ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Organophosphate Pesticide ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Damage Rate ◽  
Fruit Damage

New techniques for Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) control are being studied and developed to replace traditional organophosphate pesticide applications. A mass trapping strategy offers promising medfly control within integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. Field assays were performed to study the efficacy of two mass trapping techniques based on PheroNorm<sup>®</sup> and Ceratrap<sup>®</sup> lures that were compared to a conventional approach to control the medfly in Tunisian apricot orchards. The results showed that both mass trapping techniques had a similar efficiency in reducing the C. capitata population. The degrees Brix in the fruits was a determinant issue since the initial apricot fruit damage was detected at 6.4%. At harvesting, the lowest fruit damage rate was recorded in the PheroNorm<sup>®</sup> (4.25%) and Ceratrap<sup>®</sup> (6.50%) treated orchards, compared with the conventional approach (10.75%). Therefore, the use of 50 PheroNorm<sup>®</sup> and Ceratrap<sup>®</sup> traps per ha density within an IPM approach may be very useful to control the C. capitata populations in apricot orchards.

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