EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENTAL RATE OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF CRIOCERIS ASPARAGI (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Taylor ◽  
D. G. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

AbstractWhen the immature stages of Crioceris asparagi (L.) were reared at 10 constant temperatures, differential rates of survival and development were observed. The duration of all stages decreased with increase in temperature up to 32°C. The eggs tolerated a wider range of temperatures (8°–34°C) than larvae and pupae (10°–34°C). Developmental rates plotted against temperature did not deviate significantly from fitted curves of the form 1/y = K/1 + ea−bx. During three generations, accumulated degree-days above a base of 10° during development of C. asparagi in the field did not differ significantly from stage thermal requirements as calculated.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENTAL RATE OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE ALFALFA WEEVIL, HYPERA POSTICA (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Guppy ◽  
M. K. Mukerji
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Hypera Postica ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

AbstractWhen Hypera postica (Gyll.) was held at 11 constant temperatures, the hatching rate for eggs increased with rise in temperature from 8° to 20 °C and remained maximal to 32 °C. None hatched at 6 °C. Larvae survived at 10° to 35 °C with high mortality only at these limits. Pupae survived at all temperatures above 10 °C but at 35 °C half of the adults were deformed. Duration of all stages decreased with rise in temperature up to 32 °C. Developmental rates plotted against temperature did not deviate significantly from fitted curves of the form 1/y = K/(1 + ea−bx).The optimum temperature, based on maximal rates of development and survival, for eggs and young larvae was near 32 °C and for older larvae and pupae, 30 °C. Accumulated degree-days above a base of 10 °C during development of H. postica at two Ontario locations did not differ significantly from thermal requirements calculated.

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF THE CEREAL LEAF BEETLE, OULEMA MELANOPUS (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Guppy ◽  
D. G. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Cereal Leaf Beetle ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Oulema Melanopus ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Developmental Rates ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Field Plots

AbstractSurvival and development rates were obtained for the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), at 12 constant temperatures. Rates of survival for eggs were high at temperatures ranging from 12°C to 32°C, but none hatched at 6°C or 34°C. Larvae survived at 8° to 32°C with no drastic rise in mortality at the extremes; mortality at 34°C increased with larval age. Pupal survival was low at all temperatures from 8°C to 32°C, ranging from about 3% at these limits to 40% at intermediate temperatures (14° to 30°C). Duration of egg and larval stages decreased with rise in temperature up to 30°C, and that for pupae, up to 32°C. Developmental rates plotted against temperature did not deviate significantly from fitted curves of the form 1/y = K/(1 + ea-bx).The threshold for complete development was at some point between 6°C and 8°C. Thermal requirements, with 7°C as developmental zero, were calculated at 105, 41, 36, 43, 46, and 282°D, respectively, for the eggs, the four larval instars and the pupae. Accumulated heat units (°D7) during development of O. melanopus in field plots at Ottawa did not differ significantly from those expected. Similar calculations using a base of 9°C (ca. 48°F) predicted development equally well.

DIFFERENCES IN POST-DIAPAUSE THERMAL REQUIREMENTS FOR EGGS OF TWO RANGELAND GRASSHOPPERS

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 653-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Kemp ◽  
Norma E. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Grasshopper Species ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Diapause Development ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Oviposition Sites ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

AbstractA study was conducted to examine the springtime hatching characteristics of Melanoplus sanguinipes (F.) and Aulocara elliotti (Thomas) eggs on rangeland. Laboratory experiments showed that eggs of M. sanguinipes required fewer accumulated degree days (DD) to complete post-diapause development than those of A. elliotti at a constant temperature of 23.3°C. Springtime field observations revealed that A. elliotti nymphs emerged prior to or concurrent with M. sanguinipes. Additionally, results suggest that A. elliotti nymphs emerge over a shorter interval than M. sanguinipes. Much of the variation in springtime emergence could be attributed to species-specific oviposition sites, pod depth, and pod orientation that resulted in A. elliotti eggs accumulating heat more rapidly than M. sanguinipes eggs. Results help explain some of the variation found in egg hatching of these two grasshopper species on rangeland.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature and salinity on the survival and development of larval and juvenile Palaemon serratus (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Irish waters

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eoghan Kelly ◽  
Oliver Tully ◽  
Ronan Browne
Keyword(s):  
Published Data ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Optimal Salinity ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The combined effects of temperature and salinity on the survival and development of larval and juvenile Palaemon serratus from the west coast of Ireland were investigated. Survival over time was measured at thirty combinations of temperature and salinity ranging from 10–19°C and 9–34‰ in a fully factorial design. Salinity had a stronger influence than temperature on survival at all larval stages except stage V. For juveniles the main effect changed from temperature between 100 and 200 degree days to salinity between 200 and 600 degree days and temperature between 600 and 800 degree days. Estimates of time taken to 50% mortality showed that juveniles tolerated lower salinities for longer periods and exhibited optimal salinity values which were 3‰ lower than larvae, at temperatures between 10 and 15°C. Larval stage durations were found to be influenced by temperature but not salinity. Comparison with published data suggests that populations of P. serratus have adapted to local conditions of temperature and salinity. The results presented here have practical implications for fisheries assessment and management, as the incorporation of environmental effects into stock–recruitment models can improve their predictive capacity.

Developmental rates of the aphid Aphis pomi (Aphidoidea: Aphididae) and its parasitoid Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Malina ◽  
Ján Praslička ◽  
Janka Schlarmannová
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Aphis Pomi ◽  
Developmental Rates

AbstractDevelopmental rates of the aphid Aphis pomi and its parasitoid Aphidius ervi were compared at four constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30°C). Aphis pomi required 159.07 degree-days (DD) above lover developmental threshold (LDT) of 0.3°C. Aphidius ervi required 229.73 DD above LDT of 5.98°C. Developmental rate of A. pomi is higher than the developmental rate of A. ervi at the same conditions

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON OVIPOSITION AND BROOD DEVELOPMENT OF PISSODES STROBI (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1167-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Rate ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Brood Development ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

AbstractThe effects of temperature on rates of oviposition and development of immature stages of Pissodes strobi from Sitka and white spruce were investigated in the laboratory. Maximum rate of oviposition occurred at 20° to 26 °C. Brood development from egg to emergence took 888 and 785 degree-days above a threshold of 7.2 °C for the weevil from Sitka and white spruce, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature on Development and Survival of Nymphal Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin Kreitman ◽  
Melody A Keena ◽  
Anne L Nielsen ◽  
George Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Lower Developmental Threshold ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Abstract Lycorma delicatula (White), an invasive planthopper originally from Asia, is an emerging pest in North America. It is important to understand its phenology in order to determine its potential range in the United States. Lycorma delicatula nymphs were reared on Ailanthus altissima (Miller) (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) at each of the following constant temperatures: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C. The time spent in each instar and survival was recorded. Developmental rate increased with temperature from 15 to 30°C for all instars, then declined again at higher temperatures. Nymphal survival was lower at 35°C than between 15 and 30°C for all instars, and first instars placed at 5, 10, and 40°C all died without molting. This suggests that L. delicatula survival and development may be affected in the Southern United States by high temperatures and developmental delays will occur under cool spring conditions. The lower developmental threshold was found to be 13.00 ± 0.42°C for first instars, 12.43 ± 2.09°C for second instars, 8.48 ± 2.99°C for third instars, and 6.29 ± 2.12°C for fourth instars. The degree-day (DD) requirement for nymphs in the previous instar to complete development to reach the second instar, third instar, fourth instar, and adult was 166.61, 208.75, 410.49, and 620.07 DD (base varied), respectively. These results provide key data to support the development of phenology models and help identify the potential range of L. delicatula in North America.

scholarly journals Creation and Validation of a Temperature-Based Phenology Model for Meloidogyne incognita on Common Bean

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Ariadna Giné ◽  
Patricia Monfort ◽  
Francisco Javier Sorribas
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Accumulated Degree Days

The thermal requirements of Meloidogyne incognita on Phaseolus vulgaris in a set of constant soil temperatures were determined and the phenology model was validated at fluctuating soil temperatures. The base temperature (Tb) and the thermal constant (S) from nematode inoculation to females starting to lay eggs were 11.3 °C and 323 accumulated degree days (DD), respectively; Tb = 10.5 °C and S = 147 DD from egg production to emergence of juveniles; and Tb = 11.1 °C and S = 476 DD for life cycle completion. At fluctuating soil temperatures in pots with the minimum lower than Tb and the maximum higher than To (optimal temperature), the DD calculation was carried out by the average daily temperature–Tb (ADTb) and the single sine method over Tb (SSTb) with horizontal, intermediate, and vertical cutoffs. The most accurate were the ADTb and the SSTb with horizontal and intermediate cutoffs (93–106% of the predicted value) but the vertical underestimated the accumulated DD (75–82% of the predicted value). When fluctuating soil temperatures were between Tb and To in a plastic greenhouse, only the ADTb method was used. Life cycle completion was observed around 465 DD (accuracy between 0.95 and 0.99) at four different transplanting dates.

Thermal requirements of immature stages of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as a common forensically important fly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Shabani Kordshouli ◽  
Andrzej Grzywacz ◽  
Kamran Akbarzadeh ◽  
Kamal Azam ◽  
AliMohammad AliMohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immature Stages ◽  
Chrysomya Albiceps ◽  
Thermal Requirements

scholarly journals Thermal requirements and estimated number of generations of Neopamera bilobata (Say) in strawberry-producing regions of Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taciana Melissa de Azevedo Kuhn ◽  
Alci Enimar Loeck ◽  
Marcos Botton
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
Developmental Thresholds ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: The thermal threshold and thermal requirements of Neopamera bilobata were determined, and the number of generations that this species may produce in the main strawberry-producing regions of Brazil was estimated. In a climate chamber (70±10% RH and 12h photophase) at 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, or 30±1°C, the development of 120 eggs was monitored until the adult stage, at each temperature. Nymphs were maintained in individual cages and fed on strawberry fruits of the cultivar Aromas. The mean duration and viability of the egg and nymph stages were calculated by estimating the lower and upper developmental thresholds and the thermal constant, and this information was used to estimate the number of generations per year in different strawberry-producing regions of Brazil. The egg-to-adult duration decreased as temperatures increased, up to 28°C (93.4, 83.2, 43.9, and 31.4 days at 19, 22, 25, and 28°C, respectively). Viability of nymphs was highest between 22 and 28°C. At 30°C, the egg-to-adult duration increased (36 days), while the viability decreased (11.11%). The lower egg-to-adult developmental threshold was 15.2°C and the thermal constant was 418.4 degree-days. Calculating the number of generations indicated that the largest number (5.1 generations yr-1) was obtained for the municipality of Jaboti, Paraná, and the smallest for Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul (1.9 generations yr-1). Our findings demonstrated that important strawberry-producing regions in Brazil are suitable for the development of N. bilobata.

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