THE EFFECT OF THE WHEAT STEM SAWFLY, CEPHUS CINCTUS (HYMENOPTERA: CEPHIDAE), ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality

AbstractLarvae of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephas cinctus Nort, reduced the weight of grain per head by an average of 17.3% in the two spring wheats Red Bobs and Thatcher with annual reductions varying from 10.8% to 22.3%. They also lowered the protein content in Thatcher by an average of 0.6% and a maximum of 1.2%. However, because a significant loss in protein content occurred in only 1 of 6 years in Red Bobs, the effects of the larvae on protein content cannot be generalized for all varieties.The losses in weight per head resulted from a mean reduction of 11.9% in the weight of the kernels combined with a mean reduction of 1.9 in the number of kernels per head. The larvae caused the losses by feeding in the stems and by cutting them when the moisture contents of the kernels were relatively high. Annual variations in losses were attributed to the dates of the infestation, to the amount of precipitation in July and August, and to differences in dates of cutting by the larvae.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of aromatic fine rice as affected by variety and nutrient management

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Sarkar ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
N Islam ◽  
SK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to study the yield and quality of aromatic fine rice as affected by variety and nutrient management during the period from June to December 2013. The experiment comprised three aromatic fine rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan37 and BRRI dhan38, and eight nutrient managements viz. control (no manures and fertilizers), recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers, cowdung at 10 t ha-1, poultry manure at 5 t ha-1, 50% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% cowdung, 50% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% poultry manure, 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% cowdung and 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% poultry manure. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The tallest plant (142.7 cm), the highest number of effective tillers hill(10.02), number of grains panicle (152.3), panicle length (-1 -122.71cm), 1000-grain weight (15.55g) and grain yield (3.71 t ha-1) were recorded in BRRI dhan34. The highest grain protein content (8.17%) was found in BRRI dhan34 whereas the highest aroma was found in BRRI dhan37 and BRRI dhan38. The highest number of effective tillers hill(11.59), number of grains panicle (157.6), panicle length (24.31 cm-1-1) and grain yield (3.97 t ha-1) were recorded in the nutrient management of 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% cowdung (5 t ha-1). The treatment control (no manures and fertilizers) gave the lowest values for these parameters. The highest grain yield (4.18 t ha-1) was found in BRRI dhan34 combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% cowdung, which was statistically identical to BRRI dhan34 combined with 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% poultry manure and the lowest grain yield (2.7 t ha-1) was found in BRRI dhan37 in control (no manures and fertilizers). The highest grain protein content (10.9 %) was obtained in the interaction of BRRI dhan34 with recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers which was as good as that of BRRI dhan38 and 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% poultry manure. The highest aroma was found in BRRI dhan38 combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + 50% cowdung.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 279-284, December 2014

YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME KALE-CORN COMBINATIONS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. FULKERSON
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Row Width

Midas marrowstem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) was grown in different row width associations with United 106 corn (Zea maize L.) in two studies and ensiled in different moisture blends with corn stover in another. Highest dry matter yields were obtained where a single row of kale was grown at 30 cm to the side of a corn row. This combination also provided the lowest moisture content feed and the highest in vitro digestibility and crude protein content. Changing the corn row width had no significant effect upon yield, plant height, in vitro digestibility, kale leaf or corn ear content. Blending kale with corn stover to provide a silage of about 70% moisture increased the digestibility and protein content of the feed and provided a silage that kept well in storage.

Effect of preharvest applications of glyphosate on the drying, yield and quality of canola

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Darwent ◽  
K. J. Kirkland ◽  
L. Townley-Smith ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
A. J. Cessna
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Seed Yields

Potential use of preharvest applications of glyphosate in canola (Brassica rapa L.) in western Canada both as a harvest aid and to control weeds prompted this study. Experiments were conducted from 1988 to 1990 at four locations in the region to document the effectiveness of preharvest applications of glyphosate to enhance canola seed and foliage drydown and to measure the effect of such applications on seed yield and quality. Glyphosate was applied in early August to early September at rates of 0.45, 0.90 and 1.70 kg acid equivalent ha−1 to canola with seed moisture contents ranging from 79 to 12%. Seed and foliage moisture drydown were not enhanced by glyphosate treatment. Glyphosate treatments generally had little or no effect on canola seed yields, seed weight, seed germination, green seed content or oil content except when applied when the pods were green and when seed moisture contents were high. Seed/pod moisture was not a reliable indicator of stage of canola development and thus, should not be used alone as an indicator of when preharvest applications of glyphosate can be applied to canola without decreasing seed yield and quality. Key words: Glyphosate, canola, Brassica rapa L., preharvest application, desiccation, seed quality

THE EFFECT OF LEAF RUST ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF THATCHER AND RENOWN WHEAT IN 1938

1939 ◽  
Vol 17c (11) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Peturson ◽  
Margaret Newton
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Yield And Quality

A study was made at Winnipeg in 1938 to determine the effect of leaf rust on the yield and quality of Thatcher and Renown wheat. In one experiment, Thatcher and Renown were sown late in 1/400-acre plots; in another, Thatcher only was used and was sown early in rod-row plots. Half the plots of each variety were kept as free from leaf rust as possible by frequent applications of sulphur dust, but the remaining half became heavily infected. In the 1/400-acre plots, leaf rust reduced the yield of Thatcher and Renown by 51.17 and 29.61%, respectively; in the rod-row plots of Thatcher, it reduced the yield by 37.02%. The decrease in yield was due more to reduction in kernel weight than to reduction in number of kernels per head. All the non-dusted plots ripened approximately three days earlier than the dusted, and the grain from them graded one grade lower than that from the corresponding dusted plots. In both varieties, the protein content was diminished while the carotene content was increased.

YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF ALFALFA AND CRESTED WHEATGRASS, GROWN SINGLY AND IN MIXTURE, AS AFFECTED BY N AND P FERTILIZERS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1077-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. LUTWICK ◽  
A. D. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Absolute Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
P Fertilizers

The effects of four rates of N and P fertilizers applied in the spring to alfalfa and crested wheatgrass, grown singly and in mixture, at three ages of stand were investigated. N fertilizer increased yields and protein content of the grass in the year of application regardless of age of stand; the effect in subsequent years depended upon the level of yield in the year of application. The results indicated that grass should be fertilized with N every year at a rate related to the amounts of N removed from the soil in the preceding year. N fertilizer also increased the yield of the mixture in the year of application. The proportion of alfalfa in the hay mixture decreased with age and with applications of N fertilizer. This effect of N fertilizer was brought about by changes in the absolute yield of the grass component but not that of the alfalfa component of the mixture. The management of the mixture is affected by management of the grass component and any increases in yield and quality of the grass are at the expense of the alfalfa. P fertilizer slightly increased the P content of all forages, regardless of age of stand, both in the year of application and in the succeeding years, but did not increase yields.

THE EFFECT OF LIGHT ON THE RESISTANCE OF HARD RED SPRING WHEATS TO THE WHEAT STEM SAWFLY, CEPHUS CINCTUS (HYMENOPTERA: CEPHIDAE)

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Cephus Cinctus ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Light Filters ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Sufficient Reduction ◽  
Effect Of Light

AbstractSawfly-resistant bread wheats varied widely among years in resistance to the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort. Experimental evidence showed that the major factor involved was a reduction in the intensity of sunlight. A reduction in the intensity of sunlight by up to 50%, which was produced by shading the growing plants with cotton sheeting, caused minor decreases in sawfly resistance. More intensive shading with solid-sided cages and with combined light filters of red and yellow caused the plants to become hollow-stemmed and very susceptible to sawfly damage.Annual variations in sawfly resistance in plants grown in the field from 1949 to 1978 were significantly related to variations in the number of days with measurable precipitation, to the amounts of precipitation, and to the hours of bright sunshine in the period between 25 May and 5 July. These weather variables were significantly interrelated and were important primarily because they indicated the amounts of light received by the plants. A sufficient reduction in the amount of light (particularly during mid-June) significantly reduced sawfly resistance.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral and modified fertilizers on oat yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00151
Author(s):  
Galina Sajdiasheva ◽  
Alevtina Kulikova ◽  
Alexander Laschenkov ◽  
Sergey Nemtsev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Absolute Control

The paper presents the study of the influence of mineral and modified fertilizers on the formation of yield and quality of oat grain in the Middle Volga. The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture. The meteorological conditions of vegetation periods during the study varied in temperature and moistening. Three-year studies made it possible to confirm that the administration of a half-dose biomodified azophoska (½N15P15K15m) increased grain yield in relation to the absolute control on all study backgrounds by 0.13-0.49 t/ha. The greatest effect of fertilizers was observed against the background of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3m) applied under presowing cultivation at a dose of 40 kg active ingredient/ha treated with microbiological preparation BisolbiFit. Yield enhancement was accompanied by a relative decrease of protein content of oat grains ranging from 11.3 to 12.4 %. There is a negative relation (r=-0.76) between the mass of 1000 grains and the protein content.

Effect of growth stage at cutting on yield and quality of lucerne cultivars from different dormancy groups in northern Victoria

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Slarke ◽  
WK Mason
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Yield And Quality

At Kyabram, Victoria, the effects of growth stage at cutting on dry matter (DM) yield and quality of lucerne was determined during the warm season haymaking period for cultivars with contrasting winter dormancy characteristics. Growth stages at cutting were pre-flower bud, flower-bud, 10% bloom and full bloom. Cultivars were winter non-dormant CUF 101 and Pioneer Brand 572, semi-winter dormant Pioneer Brand 581 and winter dormant Pioneer Brand 545. Cultivar responses or interactions between cultivar and growth stage at cutting were not significant (P>0.05) for dry matter yield, crude protein or in vitro digestibility. Cutting of the pre-flower bud stage, compared with cutting at the 10% bloom stage, reduced DM yield by 18% (16.4 v. 13.5 t/ha), but increased crude protein content of the lucerne from 19.3 to 24%. The total protein yield per hectare was not affected by cutting stages from pre-flower bud stage to 10% bloom. Cutting lucerne at the flower bud stage rather than at 10% bloom gave increased protein content and digestibility with only a moderate yield decline. However, more frequent cutting was unsatisfactory as it decreased the density of the stand and increased the proportion of weeds and so could not be recommended.

scholarly journals Evaluation of growth, yield and quality of maize as influenced by genotypes and nitrogen levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
UN Shukla ◽  
Kaushal Kumar ◽  
Smita Singh ◽  
V Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Protein Productivity

Among genotypes, Dekalb 900 M Gold recorded significantly higher dry matter/plant, LAI, cobs placement height, grain yield, nitrogen content, protein content, protein yield and protein productivity than other genotypes. Leaves/plant and phytosynthetically active radiation (PAR) above canopy did not influenced by genotypes. Dry matter/plant, plant height, LAI, cobs placement height, protein content, protein yield and protein productivity exhibited higher under highest levels of nitrogen (160 kg N/ha), but at par with 120 kg N/ha. However, grain yield (6300 kg/ha) was highest under nitrogen levels of 120 kg/ha, but also at par with 160 kg N/ha (6240 kg/ha). The effect of applied nitrogen was found non-significant in respect of leaves/plant, PAR above and below canopy, photosynthetically active radiation interception and days taken to tasseling and silking. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i1.19747 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(1): 59-64, 2014 (June)

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