REPRESSION OF SPRUCE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA) ATTRACTION BY METHYLCYCLOHEXENONE IN IDAHO

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Kline ◽  
R. F. Schmitz ◽  
J. A. Rudinsky ◽  
M. M. Furniss
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Synthetic Attractant ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

AbstractAttraction of the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), to beetle-infested logs was reduced 99% by addition of 3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (MCH), the natural antiaggregative pheromone of the Douglas-fir beetle, D. pseudotsugae Hopkins. The synthetic attractant frontalin and α-pinene attracted few spruce beetles and its nominal attraction was nearly nullified by addition of MCH. Male spruce beetles responded to the natural and synthetic attractants in greater numbers than females. When MCH was added to these treatments, females predominated among the few beetles caught. The clerid Thanasimus undatulus Say was strongly attracted to treatments containing frontalin, whether or not MCH was added, but MCH alone was not attractive to this predator. Among 13 other species of scolytids caught, the most abundant were Scierus annectens Leconte and Hylastes nigrinus (Mann.). Two relatively rare species, Scierus pubescens Sw. and Xylechinus montanus Blkm., were attracted in unusual numbers to natural spruce beetle attractant. Intensive study is recommended of the possible use of MCH to prevent increase of spruce beetle populations.

Growth and virulence of Ceratocystis rufipenni and three blue-stain fungi isolated from the Douglas-fir beetle

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1763-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvor Solheim ◽  
Paal Krokene
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
The Other ◽  
Malt Agar ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

Blue-stain fungi were isolated from the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, and from Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, colonized by the beetle. Growth of the three most commonly isolated blue-stain fungi (Leptographium abietinum (Peck) Wingfield, Ophiostoma europhioides (Wright & Cain) Solheim, Ophiostoma pseudotsugae (Rumbold) von Arx), and Ceratocystis rufipenni Wingfield, Harrington, & Solheim, an important associate of the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), was studied in sapwood and phloem of live Douglas-fir trees, on malt agar, and on malt agar under oxygen-deficient conditions. The two Ophiostoma species grew better in the phloem and induced longer phloem necroses than the other fungi. Ceratocystis rufipenni and O. europhioides grew better in the sapwood and induced deeper sapwood occlusion. All fungi were relatively fast growing on malt agar, with O. pseudotsugae growing fastest and L. abietinum, slowest. Growth of C. rufipenni and O. europhioides was inhibited less by low oxygen levels than the other fungi, and this may explain why these two fungi were better able to colonize live sapwood.Key words: Ceratocystis rufipenni, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae, Douglas-fir, Leptographium abietinum, Ophiostoma europhioides, Ophiostoma pseudotsugae.

AGGREGATION OF SPRUCE BEETLES (COLEOPTERA) TO SEUDENOL AND REPRESSION OF ATTRACTION BY METHYLCYCLOHEXENONE IN ALASKA

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm M. Furniss ◽  
Bruce H. Baker ◽  
Bruce B. Hostetler
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Geographic Locations ◽  
Repressive Effect ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Synthetic Attractant ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn tests conducted on the Kenai National Moose Range, Alaska, seudenol and α-pinene attracted more spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)) than did frontalin and α-pinene, the best previously reported synthetic attractant. Addition of methylcyclohexenone (MCH) to sticky traps baited with spruce logs (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss.) infested with 20 female spruce beetles or to traps treated with seudenol and α-pinene reduced the number of spruce beetles caught by 87% and 99%, respectively. MCH appears to have similar repressive effect on the attraction of spruce beetle populations that differ in their geographic locations and hosts. A total of 179 other scolytids, representing 8 genera and 10 species, were caught by traps; greatest numbers were attracted to treatments containing trans-verbenol and uninfested spruce log sections. Scierus pubescens (Swaine) was recorded from Alaska for the first time. No members of Thanasimus species were caught although they have been consistently present in abundance in similar tests elsewhere.

Crown structure of a codominant Douglas-fir

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Jensen ◽  
James N. Long
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Crown Structure

Results are presented from an intensive study of crown structure in a 39-year-old codominant Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco). The patterns of crown development observed may represent a species adaptation for maximizing photosynthetic efficiency. While branches originating at nodes provide the basic structure of the crown, short-lived nonnodal branches provide much of the photosynthetic capacity. In addition, nonnodal branches support nearly half of the young needles near the top and outside edges of the crown.

Prepupal diapause and instar IV developmental rates of the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1347-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Matthew Hansen ◽  
Barbara J. Bentz ◽  
James A. Powell ◽  
David R. Gray ◽  
James C. Vandygriff
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Developmental Rates

DIFFERENTIAL BIOACTIVITY OF CONOPHTHORIN ON FOUR SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezene P.W. Huber ◽  
John H. Borden ◽  
Nicole L. Jeans-Williams ◽  
Regine Gries
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Pine Engraver ◽  
Dryocoetes Confusus ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe angiosperm bark volatile, conophthorin, was tested at release rates of 3.0 and 0.3 mg/24 h against the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), the pine engraver, Ips pint (Say), and the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine (all Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The responses of D. pseudotsugae, I. pini, and (in one of two experiments) female D. confusus to attractant-baited traps were disrupted by conophthorin in a dose-dependent manner. Dendroctonus rufipennis was not disrupted by conophthorin. Our results extend the repellent bioactivity of conophthorin to Ips DeGeer spp. and confirm earlier experiments with D. pseudotsugae. Conophthorin may have some utility in protecting susceptible timber from bark beetle attack.

The effect of fires on susceptibility of subalpine forests to a 19th century spruce beetle outbreak in western Colorado

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2974-2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Kulakowski ◽  
Thomas T Veblen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Subalpine Forests ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

In the subalpine forests of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, research on disturbances that have occurred over the past several decades has shown that prior occurrence of disturbances can alter the extent and severity of subsequent disturbances. In the current study, we consider how fire history affected stand susceptibility to a mid-19th century spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby 1837) outbreak. Twenty-one sites were randomly located in an Engelmann spruce – subalpine fir (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. – Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) forest across ~2000 km2 of the Grand Mesa area, Colorado. At each site, dendrochronological methods were used to reconstruct the history of severe fires and beetle outbreak. Stand-origin dates were estimated by collecting increment cores from 20–27 of the largest trees at each sample site. The beetle outbreak was reconstructed based on coincident releases among nonhost trees that survived the outbreak. Forest stands originated following severe fires in ca. 1790, ca. 1740, and ca. 1700. The 1840's outbreak affected 67% of these stands. Stands that initiated following the ca. 1790 fire were less susceptible to the outbreak than older stands. These findings indicate that stand-replacing fires have mitigated susceptibility to outbreaks of spruce beetles not only during recent outbreaks, but also over the past centuries.

Evaluations of Bole Injections for Protecting Engelmann Spruce from Mortality Attributed to Spruce Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Intermountain West

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fettig ◽  
A. Steven Munson ◽  
Donald M. Grosman ◽  
Darren C. Blackford
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Picea Engelmannii ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Spruce Beetle

Abstract Bark beetles are important disturbance agents in coniferous forests, and spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the more notable species causing landscape-level tree mortality in western North America. We evaluated the efficacy of bole injections of emamectin benzoate (TREE-äge®; Arborjet Inc., Woburn, MA) alone and combined with propiconazole (Alamo®; Syngenta Crop Protection Inc., Wilmington, DE) for protecting Engelmann spruce, Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelmann (Pinales: Pinaceae), from mortality attributed to colonization by D. rufipennis. Two injection periods in 2013 (the spring and fall of the year prior to trees first being challenged by D. rufipennis in 2014) and distributions of injection points (7.6- and 15.2-cm spacings) were evaluated. Tree mortality was monitored over a 3-yr period (2014–2017). Emamectin benzoate injected in spring at a narrow spacing (7.6 cm) was the only effective treatment. Two (but not three) field seasons of protection can be expected with a single injection of this treatment. We discuss the implications of these and other results regarding the use of emamectin benzoate and propiconazole for protecting western conifers from mortality attributed to bark beetles, and provide suggestions for future research. A table summarizing the appropriate timing of treatments in different bark beetle/host systems is provided.

Comparison of reproductive capacity among univoltine, semivoltine, and re-emerged parent spruce beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Matthew Hansen ◽  
Barbara J. Bentz
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Brood Production ◽  
Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Spruce Mortality

AbstractNew spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), adults of univoltine and semivoltine life cycles, as well as re-emerged parent beetles, were laboratory-tested for differences in reproductive capacity and brood characteristics. Parameters measured from the three groups include dry weight, lipid content, and egg production. Brood characteristics measured include egg length, development rates, and survival densities. Although there were some differences in dry weight and lipid content, females from the univoltine, semivoltine, and re-emerged parent groups did not greatly differ in egg production. Egg length was slightly smaller for eggs from univoltine parents, but other measured brood characteristics did not differ among the three parent groups, including the density of the surviving brood. In a field study, re-emerged parent beetles were determined to be flight capable. These findings imply that populations with univoltine broods will have higher growth rates than semivoltine populations. Consequently, the presence of univoltine broods, which is weather dependent, increases the risk of a beetle outbreak or can accelerate the rate of spruce mortality in an established outbreak. These results also indicate that re-emerged parent beetles can contribute substantially to brood production. Suppression strategies can be more effective if managers consider the ecological consequences of brood production from the three parent groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document