MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE TARSAL RECEPTORS OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1931-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Mitchell ◽  
W. D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Sensory Hairs ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Morphological Investigations

AbstractTwo types of sensory hairs on the tarsus of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), are described using scanning electron microscopical and histological techniques.

Morphology and histology of the antenna of the male eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Albert ◽  
W. D. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Male Antenna ◽  
Sensilla Trichodea ◽  
Female Antenna ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Sensilla Styloconica ◽  
Scanning Electron

The number and distribution and the morphology of the various receptors on the male antenna of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), are described, using histological techniques and scanning electron microscopy. Receptors described include Böhm bristles, four types of sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla styloconica. Except for the sensilla chaetica, generally more receptors are found on the male than on the female antenna.

Morphology and innervation of mouthpart sensilla in larvae of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Maxillary Palp ◽  
Labial Palp ◽  
Gustatory Sensilla ◽  
Scanning Electron

The structure and innervation as determined by methylene blue techniques of the sensilla of the maxillary palp, galea, mandible, labrum, and labial palp of the spruce budworm larva are described, based on light and scanning electron microscopy. An attempt is made to identify the function of various sensilla by comparing them with those of other insects. The function of the gustatory sensilla on the galea and epipharynx is confirmed electrophysiologically.

Studies of physiologically active arthropod secretions. IV. Topography of the sex pheromone producing gland of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Weatherston ◽  
J. E. Percy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Scanning Electron

By use of the scanning electron microscope, the sex pheromone producing gland of the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), was studied in relation to the mode of release of the pheromone.

Ultrastructure of the soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
J. A. Traquair ◽  
E. G. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Soil Fungus ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Scanning Electron

With the advent of improved dehydration techniques, scanning electron microscopy has become routine in anatomical studies of fungi. Fine structure of hyphae and spore surfaces has been illustrated for many hyphomycetes, and yet, the ultrastructure of the ubiquitous soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus (Link) Sigler & Carmichael has been neglected. This presentation shows that scanning and transmission electron microscopical data must be correlated in resolving septal structure and conidial release in G. pannorus.Although it is reported to be cellulolytic but not keratinolytic, G. pannorus is found on human skin, animals, birds, mushrooms, dung, roots, and frozen meat in addition to various organic soils. In fact, it readily adapts to growth at low temperatures.

Derivation of Pheromone-Based Larval Thresholds in Spruce Budworm Accounting for Distance to Defoliated Forest Stands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Rhainds ◽  
Ian DeMerchant ◽  
Pierre Therrien
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
General Guideline ◽  
Number Of Males

Abstract Spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clem. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is the most severe defoliator of Pinaceae in Nearctic boreal forests. Three tools widely used to guide large-scale management decisions (year-to-year defoliation maps; density of overwintering second instars [L2]; number of males at pheromone traps) were integrated to derive pheromone-based thresholds corresponding to specific intergenerational transitions in larval densities (L2i → L2i+1), taking into account the novel finding that threshold estimates decline with distance to defoliated forest stands (DIST). Estimates of thresholds were highly variable between years, both numerically and in terms of interactive effects of L2i and DIST, which limit their heuristic value. In the context of early intervention strategy (L2i+1 > 6.5 individuals per branch), however, thresholds fluctuated within relatively narrow intervals across wide ranges of L2i and DIST, and values of 40–200 males per trap may thus be used as general guideline.

Weather and Outbreaks of the Spruce Budworm in the Province of Quebec from 1939 to 1956

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Pilon ◽  
J. R. Blais
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
Gaspe Peninsula ◽  
Gaspé Peninsula

Nearly all forest regions in the Province of Quebec where balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) is an important tree component have been subjected to severe defoliation by the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), during the past 20 years. These outbreaks have followed an easterly direction beginning near the Ontario-Quebec border in 1939 and ending in the Gaspé Peninsula in 1958.

GROUND RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA MINUTUM RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) AGAINST THE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Smith ◽  
M. Hubbes ◽  
J.R. Carrow
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Strategy ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Inundative Release ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Trichogramma Minutum ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Natural Parasitism

AbstractDuring 1982 and 1984, ground releases of Trichogramma minutum Riley were assessed for control of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), on 12- to 20-year-old, white spruce stands in northern Ontario. Maximum parasitism of susceptible egg masses was 16 and 87% following the release of 480 000 and 12 million female T. minutum per hectare, respectively. Releases at intervals of 1 week maintained parasitism of susceptible egg masses at constant levels throughout the oviposition period of spruce budworm. When parasitism of susceptible egg masses was maintained above 78.2% during the ovipositional period, total egg mass parasitism averaged 58.0% and resulted in an 80.3% reduction of overwintering 2nd-instar larvae. The optimal strategy for reducing spruce budworm was two releases of T. minutum at an interval of 1 week in the ovipositional period. This allowed a second generation of parasitoids to emerge from the spruce budworm eggs that were more efficient in maintaining high levels of parasitism than those emerging from the standard rearing host. Natural parasitism of spruce budworm egg masses was less than 4% and there was no carryover of parasitism in the years following inundative release. The rate of T. minutum release necessary to achieve effective mortality of spruce budworm during outbreak populations is discussed briefly.

Prescribed Burning for Stand Conversion in Budworm-killed Balsam Fir: An Ontario Case History

1986 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Stand Conversion

Recent spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]) infestations have resulted in widespread areas of balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.) mortality in Ontario, and there is growing interest in reestablishing these areas quickly as productive forests. One technique being used is prescribed fire after a salvage and bulldozer tramping operation. A 445-ha prescribed burn was carried out under moderate fire danger conditions in northern Ontario. The site, which was covered by balsam fir fuel that had been killed by spruce budworm, was tramped to improve fire spread. Weather, fuel consumption, and fire effects are reported. The burn effectively reduced heavy surface fuel loadings and consequently planting on the site was easier. Key words: Prescribed burning, fire, spruce budworm. Choristoneura fumiferana, balsam fir, Abies balsamea, fuel consumption, site preparation, tramping, stand conversion.

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