THE NORTHWARD DISTRIBUTION OF ANTS IN NORTH AMERICA

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Far North ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Similarities And Differences

AbstractA study of the ant populations was made through a transect of mid-continent North America from Churchill on Hudson Bay and various localities around the Great Lakes to Iowa and northern Illinois. Data were obtained from extensive personal collecting and from literature sources. The results were assembled and discussed within an ecological framework provided by Merriam’s life zones, and showed a regular diminution in the variety and wealth of the ant faunas progressing from south to north. Though the number of species at Churchill is extremely reduced, ants nevertheless do occur there as established reproducing colonies, even in the presumed tundra habitats. These forms which exist so far north represent a highly impoverished remnant of richer faunas further south. Although none of the species is peculiar to the area, each must be tolerant of high boreal environments. A total of 135 species and subspecies are listed for the Carolinian and Alleghenian zones combined, 43 taxa for the Canadian Zone, 4 taxa for the Hudsonian Zone, and 4 also for the Arctic Zone. Comparisons with the recorded ant faunas of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado were made with respect to the corresponding zones, namely, the Plains (Upper Sonoran), Foothills or Submontane (Transition), Montane (Canadian), Subalpine (Hudsonian), and Alpine (Arctic) zones, and appropriate similarities and differences noted.

scholarly journals An Approach to Public Health Protection in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (Review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Marasanov ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy A. Stekhin ◽  
Galina V. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Public Health Protection

This paper analyses environmental factors and their influence on the human body in the Far North. The cold factor is considered separately. It is noted that adaptation to extreme environmental factors in the north resembles adaptive processes taking place in the body under stress. The article describes the phenotypic approach to preventing non-communicable diseases in the population based on the theory of adaptation, control theory, theory of functional systems and system approach. We suggest using a predictive model of the body in the form of an anatomico-physiological structure reflecting grouping of interacting organs and tissues by their physiological functions. The model is represented by the reaction norms of the body’s systems and by the rules of their interaction. With its help, one can identify the predisposition of the body’s systems to destruction and the corresponding cause-and-effect relationships in the body, as well as devise a personal algorithm for health preservation and carry out vocational selection. The predictive properties of the model are based on the manifestations of the adaptive response to environmental stress factors. The recommendations are preventive in nature and are aimed at stimulating the individual’s involvement in his/her health protection. Methods of influencing the homeostatic regulation of the body and increasing the capabilities of the immune system in the north are proposed, i.e. technologies for restoring the body’s circadian rhythm as well as activating the living environment and drinking water in order to prevent chronic non-infectious diseases. The suggested predictive model of the body contributes to the development of a general theory of adaptation and a general theory of pathology. The considered approach to health preservation is compatible with telemedicine and e-health technologies and can therefore make adequate medical services available to the population of the Far North, in particular to those living in remote areas. For citation: Marasanov A.V., Stekhin A.A., Yakovleva G.V. An Approach to Public Health Protection in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (Review). Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 201–212. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z058

Crop production in the Soviet Arctic

Polar Record ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Richens
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Far North ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Economic Considerations

The northern limit of agriculture depends not on physiographical conditions but on economic considerations. This truism is frequently emphasized by Soviet writers, who point out that it is possible to provide the requisite conditions for plant life at any point on the earth's surface. What determines whether or not a crop is to be grown is the extent to which agriculturalists are willing to provide the plant with its appropriate environment. The latter very rarely coincides with the natural environment, and in some cases, as in the far north, may differ greatly from it. The following survey attempts to outline the extent to which Soviet agriculturalists have gone in providing plants with suitable growing conditions north of the arctic circle. The question whether the objective of arctic agriculture, food and fodder for the arctic zone, could not be realized more conveniently by transporting produce from a milder clime, will also be discussed.

NOTES ON THE OCCURENCE OF AEDES (OCHLEROTATUS) NEARCTICUS DYAR IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS PARK, ALBERTA. (CULICIDAE DIPT.)

1927 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Hearle
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Interesting Species

One of the more interesting details of a recent investigation of the mosquitoes of the Rocky Mountains Park, Alberta, was the finding of Aedes nearcticus Dyar—a mosquito hitherto considered to be restricted to the Arctic regions of Europe and North America. A few specimens were first taken at Lake Louise in 1921, when Mr. Arthur Gibson, the Dominion Entomologist, and the writer made a brief survey of mosquito conditions. In 1922 further specimens came to hand through the kindness of Mr. N. B. Sanson who sent the writer living larvae collected at Simpson's Summit at about 7000 feet. Adults were successfully reared from these. During 1924 and 1925 a number of trips were made by the writer and his assistant, Mr. A. G. Mail, to secure data on this interesting species, and several hundred specimens of larvae, and both sexes of adults were taken.

scholarly journals Development of technology for the installation of spatial structure based on experimental and theoretical studies of the cross-beam system

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
A. F. Yudina ◽  
◽  
S. A. Evtyukov ◽  
N. V. Rozantseva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Wood Structures ◽  
Prospective Development ◽  
Far North ◽  
Beam System ◽  
Rod System ◽  
The One ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

For the prospective development of life in the Arctic zone and the territories of the Far North of Russia, research is needed on the design and development of technologies for the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes. This article considers and analyzes the presently used cross-beam systems made of laminated timber and the principles of calculating these systems. Analytical calculations were carried out, which made it possible to identify the optimal design for the location of the rod system, including the one which significantly reduces the total structural weight. Furthermore, on the basis of the calculations, there was determined the most progressive way of solving the geometric parameters of the spatial rod structure. The technology of installation of laminated wood structures is proposed, and the possibility of its application in the construction of buildings and structures in the severe conditions of the Arctic and the Far North is discussed.

scholarly journals Origin of the southernmost Arctic tundra of continental North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 794-812
Author(s):  
Serge Payette ◽  
Vanessa Pilon ◽  
Mathieu Frégeau
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
James Bay ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Unusual Position ◽  
Crustal Uplift ◽  
Cold Wind ◽  
Boreal Environment

The Arctic tundra extends beyond the treeline north of 58°N in eastern North America and north of 66°N in western North America and Eurasia. A marked exception to this distribution is the azonal tundra situated as far south as 54°30′–45′N, in the Pointe-Louis-XIV area (JABA), along the fast-rising coasts of James Bay–Hudson Bay. The unusual position of JABA calls into question the influence of climate as the main causal factor for its existence. Macrocharcoal remains extracted from tundra and forest soils were used along a 105 km transect to date the onset of the boreal environment based on past occurrence of conifer fires. Assuming crustal uplift 1.3 m 100 year−1 and 2.4 m 100 year−1 over and before the last 1000 years, and after correcting site elevation at the time the oldest conifer fires occurred, trees established along the coast before 4000 cal. BP. Given charcoal distribution suggesting boreal vegetation in sites ≤13 m a.s.l., JABA was created after 4000 cal. BP when the flat, elongated peninsula emerged above marine waters. It is concluded that JABA origin was most likely caused by the synergistic impact of geophysical factors, isostatic uplift and topography, on a coastal environment already influenced by cold, wind-exposed conditions.

scholarly journals NOTES ON COLEOPTERA—NO. 6

1890 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
John Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Typical Form

Corymbites nigricornis Panz. (metallicus Payl. nitidulus Lec.)This species is widely distributed in North America, from Hudson Bay to Massachusetts, and westwardly to the Rocky Mountains through which it extends to New Mexico. It also inhabits Siberia, Central and Northern Europe. The typical form (European) is described as meatallic black, with the two basal joints of the antennæ and the feet rufous.

scholarly journals Experience in the restoration of permafrost degradation areas adjacent to transport infrastructure facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahapet Ustyan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Far North

The construction of transport facilities in the regions of the Extreme (or Far) North and the Arctic Zone is a very specific task with plenty of peculiarities. This can be referred to ever-frozen subsoils, hard-to-reach areas, low temperatures most of the year, as well as limited reserves of inert materials (stone, construction sand) used for construction.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF ENSURING ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY BY INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES UNDER THE ARCTIC ZONE CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Valeriia I. Pilipenko ◽  
Marina S. Vlasova ◽  
Tatyana B. Algina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Far North

Ensuring regional environmental and economic security is one of the priorities of the state. The problems of sustainable development of regions and their industrial complexes are considered by many scientists, however, insufficient attention is paid to the analysis of the sustainability of industrial enterprises in the Arctic zone (AZ) and their impact on the ecological and economic security of the region. Many of the problems of theoretical and methodological support for improving this security remain underestimated. For industrial enterprises of the Far North as a part of AZ, it is necessary to use a special approach to the development of methodological aspects of ensuring environmental and economic security due to the significant role that entrepreneurial activity has in the socio-economic development of the region and in the environmental situation.The purpose of the research is the formation of a mechanism to ensure the environmental and economic security of the Russian Arctic zone (RAZ), as a region where industrial enterprises operate. The object of the research was the ecological and economic security of the region of the Arctic zone, which exists in the modern conditions of globalization of the economy and the increasing influence of geopolitical factors. The subject of the study was a set of problems of a theoretical, methodical and applied nature, related to the development and implementation of a model for the development of industrial enterprises in the Arctic zone. The factors limiting the development of industrial enterprises of the Far North are formulated. A system of indicators for the sustainable development of industrial enterprises and the environmental and economic security of the region of the Arctic zone of Russia is proposed. The interrelation of indicators of the development of industrial enterprises of the Arctic zone with the conditions of the external economic environment has been revealed, which made it possible to conclude that the structure of industrial production in the regions of the Russian Arctic is distorted. This, in turn, necessitates the formation of maritime clusters and the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the industrial sector. A comparative description of the key areas of state regulation of industrial enterprises in foreign and domestic practice has been carried out. The recommendations of the possible use (adaptation) of international experience in the Russian Arctic are formulated. 

RESEARCH OF FIRE VEHICLES OPERATION IN FPS GPS DIVISIONS OF EMERCOM OF RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FAR NORTH AND IN THE ARCTIC ZONE

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Иван Вячеславович Нестеров ◽  
Юрий Сергеевич Кузнецов ◽  
Ольга Александровн Коренкова ◽  
Виктор Дмитриевич Волков
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Far North ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

Рассматриваются вопросы эффективности эксплуатации пожарных автомобилей (ПА), их надежность в работе на пожарах в условиях Крайнего Севера и в Арктической зоне. Для получения статистических данных об оснащенности подразделений пожарной охраны ПА подготовлены и направлены в подразделения ФПС ГПС МЧС России регионов Крайнего Севера и Арктической зоны опросные анкеты. На основе поступивших данных, а также ранее проведенных в институте аналогичных НИР проанализирован возрастной состав ПА и их отказы. Составлены необходимые рекомендации заводам-изготовителям по повышению качества выпускаемой ими продукции. There are considered the issues of operational efficiency and reliability of fire vehicles (hereinafter FV) in fires in the Far North and in the Arctic zone. To obtain statistical data on the equipment of fire divisions with PA there were prepared questionnaires and sent to the FPS GPS divisions of EMERCOM of Russia in the regions of the Far North and the Arctic zone. On the basis of the received data, as well as earlier conducted research there was analyzed the age composition of PA and their failures. The necessary recommendations were drawn up for manufacturers to improve the quality of their products.

scholarly journals The Middle Wisconsinan History of the Laurentide Ice Sheet

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda A. Dredge ◽  
L. Harvey Thorleifson
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Hudson Bay Lowlands ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
Western Arctic

ABSTRACT Evidence for Middle Wisconsinan ice limits and climates comes from sites scattered around the periphery of the Laurentide Ice domain and from the Hudson Bay Lowlands. Interpretations are based on dated wood, peat, shell and sediment; biological climate indicators (chiefly cool-climate indicators); and stratigraphie sequences of both glacial and nonglacial units. The best evidence comes from the prairie provinces and the Great Lakes areas, both of which indicate substantial ice retreat from earlier southern glacial limits, and cool, boreal-tundra climates. The western arctic may have experienced an early warm period but both the western arctic — northwestern plains and eastern maritime areas may later have become ice accumulation areas. Three maps portray various possible ice limits. The first shows substantial ice cover in the arctic, but reduced ice cover in the prairies and Great Lakes, and expanded maritime ice caps (rather than Laurentide Ice) in the southeast and on Baffin Island. This ice mass distribution may reflect Middle Wisconsinan shifts in air masses and ocean currents. Ice volumes generated by this model are in accord with the marine oxygen isotope record and perceived global sea level changes. A modification to this model, which resolves some of the controversy in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, shows a calving bay penetrating into the heart of the ice sheet, induced by dynamic instability of the marine-based ice mass in Hudson Bay during relatively high glacial isostatic and eustatic seas. A third reconstruction portrays extensive climatically induced déglaciation and retains Laurentide ice only in parts of the northwest and Labrador-Ungava, with local ice in the Appalachian-Atlantic region. This model is based on alternative genetic interpretations of lithologic units and reassessment of age assignments.

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