THE "PHENOLOGICAL DATE" AS AN INDICATOR OF THE FLIGHT PERIOD OF NOCTUID MOTHS

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1207-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Hardwick
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Periodic Cycles

AbstractClimatic factors which may control the time of occurrence of seasonal phenomena are discussed, and in particular the role of temperature in initiating periodic cycles in animals in continental North America. The seasonal flight periods of nine species of noctuid moths at two localities in western North America are considered in terms of the lengths of the summer season at these localities. Among the species discussed, those that are in flight prior to midsummer fly earlier, and those that are in flight after midsummer fly later, in the area with a long summer than in the area with a short summer. A factor termed the "phenological date," which is based on the number of days above 42°F in a given area, is proposed as a measure of seasonal development. The factors of photoperiod and temperature that may have a controlling influence on periodic events are discussed. Variance analysis suggests that the phenological date has greater predictive value in estimating the periods of flight of the species considered than have the other factors.

scholarly journals The Role of Basketry in Early Holocene Small Seed Exploitation: Implications of a Ca. 9,000 Year-Old Basket from Cowboy Cave, Utah

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil R. Geib ◽  
Edward A. Jolie
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Food Exploitation ◽  
The Continuum

Despite ranking at the low end of the continuum in net caloric benefit relative to other foods, small seeds assumed great dietary importance in many parts of the world, including western North America. In a series of publications, Adovasio (1970a, 1974, 1980, 1986) argued that coiled basketry technology was invented in the eastern Great Basin during the early Holocene as a specialized food-processing technique. Coiled baskets are indeed useful for collecting and processing seeds, but it does not necessarily follow that they were originally designed for this purpose. A whole basket recently discovered at Cowboy Cave in southeastern Utah returned an AMS radiocarbon assay of 7960 ± 50 B.P., making it currently the earliest directly dated coiled basket from the Americas. This basket is not a parching tray and likely had nothing to do with harvesting seeds. We discuss the implications of this find with regard to tracking the temporal spread of coiled basketry technology in western North America and the role of coiled and twined forms in the initiation of small seed exploitation. Coiled and twined baskets for small seed processing may result from reconfiguration of existing technologies to create novel forms suited to a new food exploitation strategy.

A giant Permian fusulinid from east-central Alaska with comparisons of all giant fusulinids in western North America

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Related Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
East Central ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Species Groups

The discovery of a new locality yielding giant Guadalupian (Lower Permian) fusulinids in east-central Alaska extends the range of these forms much farther north than previously known, and into a tectonostratigraphic terrane from which they previously had not been reported. The number of areas from which giant parafusulinids are known in North America is thus raised to eight. Three of these localities are in rocks that previously had been referred to the allochthonous McCloud belt arc, and one, West Texas, is known to have been part of Paleozoic North America. Comparison of species from all areas suggests that there are two closely related species groups: one represented in Texas and Coahuila, and the other represented in Sonora, northern California, northeastern Washington, southern and northern British Columbia, Alaska, and apparently in Texas. These groups may differ because they are of slightly different ages or because interchange between the faunas of Texas–Coahuila area and the other regions was somewhat inhibited during the Early Permian.

scholarly journals New records of theropods from the latest Cretaceous of New Jersey and the Maastrichtian Appalachian fauna

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 191206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Doran Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
North America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrate ◽  
Postcranial Remains

The faunal changes that occurred in the few million years before the Cretaceous–Palaeogene extinction are of much interest to vertebrate palaeontologists. Western North America preserves arguably the best fossil record from this time, whereas terrestrial vertebrate fossils from the eastern portion of the continent are usually limited to isolated, eroded postcranial remains. Examination of fragmentary specimens from the American east, which was isolated for the majority of the Cretaceous as the landmass Appalachia, is nonetheless important for better understanding dinosaur diversity at the end of the Mesozoic. Here, I report on two theropod teeth from the Mount Laurel Formation, a lower-middle Maastrichtian unit from northeastern North America. One of these preserves in detail the structure of the outer enamel and resembles the dentition of the tyrannosauroid Dryptosaurus aquilunguis among latest Cretaceous forms in being heavily mediolaterally compressed and showing many moderately developed enamel crenulations. Along with previously reported tyrannosauroid material from the Mt Laurel and overlying Cretaceous units, this fossil supports the presence of non-tyrannosaurid tyrannosauroids in the Campanian–Maastrichtian of eastern North America and provides evidence for the hypothesis that the area was still home to relictual vertebrates through the end of the Mesozoic. The other tooth is assignable to a dromaeosaurid and represents both the youngest occurrence of a non-avian maniraptoran in eastern North America and the first from the Maastrichtian reported east of the Mississippi. This tooth, which belonged to a 3–4 m dromaeosaurid based on size comparisons with the teeth of taxa for which skeletons are known, increases the diversity of the Maastrichtian dinosaur fauna of Appalachia. Along with previously reported dromaeosaurid teeth, the Mt Laurel specimen supports the presence of mid-sized to large dromaeosaurids in eastern North America throughout the Cretaceous.

Two New Nearctic Species of Spilomyia (Diptera: Syrphidae), with a Note on the Taxonomic Value of Wing Microtrichia in the Syrphidae

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vockeroth
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The U.S

Three species of Spilomyia from western North America have been in the Canadian National Collection under the name Spilomyia interrupta Williston, 1882. Two of these are described below as new. Through the co-operation of Mr. Paul Arnaud, then of the U.S. National Museum, I examined the two female syntypes of interrupta and four other specimens of the group. One syntype, labelled “W.J.; Acc. 19702, Williston; Type No. 875, U.S.N.M.; Spilomyia interrupta Will.” on four labels is hereby designated as lectotype; it has been so labelled. The other syntype is a specimen of the species described below as Spilomyia citima n.sp. The other four specimens in the U.S.N.M. are all of interrupta: 1 ♂, Hopland, Calif., Sept.; 1 ♂, Mountains near Claremont, Calif.; 1 ♀, Tuolumne, Calif.; 1 ♀, Medford, Oreg. The C.N.C. contains two specimens of interrupta: 1 ♂, Hopland, Calif., Sept.; 1 ♀, Rowena, Oreg., Sept. 1, 1923 (on flowers of Eriogonum umbellatum). Mr. R. H. Foxlee of Robson, B.C., kindly sent me several specimens for study and donated most of them to the C.N.C.; it gives me pleasure to dedicate one of the new species to him.

Early Permian corals from Arrow Canyon, Clark County, Nevada

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Wilson ◽  
Ralph L. Langenheim
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Shelf Area ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Clark County ◽  
Canyon Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tabulate Corals

Rugose and tabulate corals from the Lower Permian (Wolfcampian) part of the Bird Spring Group in Arrow Canyon, Arrow Canyon Range, Clark County, Nevada, comprise eight species in eight genera. Stylastraea rowetti n. sp. is the first unequivocal record of this genus west of Texas in North America. Heritschiella girtyi, the only endemic North American waagenophyllid genus and species, is recorded outside Kansas for the first time. Paraheritschioides stevensi formerly was known only from northern California. The other species also occur elsewhere in the Permian of Nevada and nearby. This southeast Nevada shelf area has the first known intermixture of corals from the Durhaminid Coral Province and subprovinces of far western North America and the Cyathaxonid Coral Province of middle and southwestern North America.

scholarly journals Woman and the Masjid between Two Extremes

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Louay Safi
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
American Muslim

The masjid, better known in North America as the Islamic center, is the centerof spiritual, social, educational, and, most recently, political activities ofthe American Muslim community. The masjid is also the place whereMuslims of diverse cultural and ideological backgrounds meet and interact.The diversity of interpretations of Islamic sources and practices has createdtensions, particularly in Islamic centers where the tendency is to imposestrict interpretations about the appropriate place and role of Muslim womenin the masjid and the community.An increasing number of young Muslim women complain of restrictivearrangements and practices, impeding their ability to fully participate in educationaland social programs. Many masjids today restrict the main prayerhall to men and assign women to secluded quarters. Women are asking outloud: “Is this the place Islam assigns for us, or is it the imposition of culturaltraditions?” Some have even gone to the other extreme of rejecting all traditionsand discarding all limits ...

Palynological analysis and taxonomic position of the genus Mertensia (Boraginaceae)

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 722-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Fukuda ◽  
Hiroshi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Himalayan Species

Palynological analysis of the genus Mertensia Roth, s. lat. (Boraginaceae) was performed. All pollen grains studied were mostly dumbbell shaped and had 6-heteroaperturate pollen type without exception. The type of pollen of Mertensia does not contradict recent classifications that assign Mertensia to Cynoglosseae. Among six sections of Mertensia, pollen grains of section Oreocharis (the Himalayan Mertensia) were different from those of other sections in having granulate sculpturing on the colpus and pseudocolpus membranes. The results, along with other morphological differences, may support Riedl’s treatment of the Himalayan species of Mertensia in the distinct genus Pseudomertensia Riedl. Of the other sections, four monotypic sections (sections Steenhanmera, Neuranthia, Typomertensia, and Mertensianthe) showed pollen structures similar to each other. Pollen grains in section Eumertensia had some variations in size and ornamentation, especially in the species distributed in western North America.

scholarly journals Migration, social policy, and power in historical perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-274
Author(s):  
Martin Seeleib-Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
North America ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The North ◽  
And Migration

Migration and social policy have become fiercely contested issues in Europe and North America. In this article, I highlight how mobility and migration, on one hand, and social policy, on the other hand, have historically been closely interwoven and shaped by power relations. It is argued that European states actively assisted their poor to leave ‘home’ and settle in far-away places. I will elaborate some of the tensions between freedom of movement and the role of social policy in the North German Confederation ( Norddeutscher Bund [NDB]) and the British Empire. Finally, it is argued that many of the current challenges and issues associated with migration and social policy in Europe are historically not unique.

Natural intersectional hybridization between North American species of Populus (Salicaceae) in sections Aigeiros and Tacamahaca. III. Paleobotany and evolution

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Eckenwalder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
North America ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Apparent Absence ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Fossilized leaves resembling those of contemporary intersectional hybrids occur together with leaves assignable to sections Tacamahaca Spach and Aigeiros Duby in Miocene and Pliocene sediments in western North America. They are not referable to any particular extant hybrid species and are assigned to the extinct Populus × parcedentata Axelrod. Together with other evidence, these ancient hybrids raise questions concerning the evolutionary role of hybridization between species of the two parent sections. Present evidence about hybridization as a bridge for intersectional gene flow is contradictory. The apparent absence of backcrossed individuals in most studied hybridizing populations is offset by morphological pecularitics shared by sympatric cottonwoods and balsam poplars that are not shared with their cladistic sister species.

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