LASPEYRESIA PSEUDOTSUGAE N. SP. (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), A BARK MINER IN DOUGLAS-FIR

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Evans
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Immature Stages

AbstractA 5-year study of Laspeyresia pseudotsugae n. sp. (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) yielded considerable data on the habits, life history and immature stages of this insect, which gained attention because of its conspicuous bark-mine scars on the trunks of young Douglas-fir trees, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco. The mines are not deep enough to cause serious damage. L. pseudotsugae has a 1-year life-cycle. Three species of ichneumonid parasites were recovered, and several predators were identified.

The Life History and Habits of a Midge, Contarinia oregonensis Foote (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Douglas-fir Cones

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 952-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Western Washington

A midge, Contarinia oregonensis, is one of a number of species of insects which causc seed losses in Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. In recent years it has been reported causing more damage than any other single species of Douglas-fir cone insect in western Washington (Johnson and Heikkkenen. 1958). This has been the situation on Vancouver Island also.The species bas described by Foote (1956) from specimens taken in Oregon in 1916.

How long do whirligig mites live? A survey of lifespan in Anystidae (Acari: Trombidiformes)

Zoosymposia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-QIANG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Life History Data ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Full Life ◽  
Anystis Baccarum

The Anystidae are a family of over 100 species of predatory mites commonly seen in soils and on plants worldwide. A few species of genus Anystis have potential as biocontrol agents against some insect and mite pests. Herein I provide a review of the lifespan of the Anystidae as part of a series on the lifespans in the Acari. The full life cycle in this family includes six immature stages (the egg, prelarva, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and tritonymph) and adult males/females. Life history data are only available for a few species. Developmental times from eggs to adults (44 to 82 days at 21 or 22 °C) were reported for three Anystis species. The total lifespan was measured for only one species (Anystis agilis): 66 days at 21 °C. There are two to three generations per year for Anystis species in the field. Summer aestivation was reported for Anystis baccarum, either as eggs or tritonymphs; aestivating tritonymphs may have a developmental time and total lifespan of over 200 and 300 days, respectively.

LIFE CYCLE AND MORPHOLOGY OF PARUTERINA RAUSCHI N.SP. and P. CANDELABRARIA (GOEZE, 1782) (CESTODA) FROM OWLS, AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PLEROCERCOIDS IN THE ORDER CYCLOPHYLLIDEA

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reino S. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Snowy Owl

Paruterina rauschi n.sp. is described from the barred owl, and P. candelabraria (Goeze, 1782) is redescribed from the snowy owl; both species grow in the great horned owl. The life history and development of the plerocercoid of both species of worms in various rodents is described. Natural infections with the plerocercoid of P. rauschi n.sp. are reported from Tamias striatus and Peromyscus leucopus. Plerocercoids are not uncommon in cyclophyllidean life cycles, and their significance in the taxonomy of the order Cyclophyllidea is discussed. It is concluded that any future taxonomic revision of this order must consider the morphology of the immature stages if such a revision is intended to clarify natural relationships.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE FIRST SCOLYTID, POECILIPS PTERIDOPHYTAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), TO BE FOUND IN ASSOCIATION WITH A FERN (PTERIDOPHYTA)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Evolutionary Origin ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Bracken Fern

AbstractPoecilips pteridophytae Schedl is the first species of Scolytidae to be found on a fern. It appears to be fairly widely distributed in New Guinea on the tropical bracken fern, Pteridium aquilnum (L.). The association is most probably of recent evolutionary origin. The immature stages are described in the text. Its life history is relatively short, the life cycle raking 2 to 4 mouths, and takes place wholly width the stem of the fern, except for emigrating adults. P. pteridophytae may have considerable economic potential as a biological control agent of bracken fern in countries where it is a pest.

LIFE HISTORY OF THE JACK PINE TIP BEETLE, CONOPHTHORUS BANKSIANAE McPHERSON (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE): IMPLICATIONS FOR SPECIES STATUS

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter de Groot ◽  
John H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Species Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life History Study

AbstractThe jack pine tip beetle, Conophthorus banksianae McPherson (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), has been distinguished from its sibling species, C. resinosae Hopkins, partly because immature stages were present in the field longer and because it may be bivoltine. A life history study of the tip beetle revealed it is univoitine, overwintering as an adult. The developmental period of C. banksianae from eggs to adults is about the same as that for C. resinosae. As in C. resinosae, adult C. banksianae usually mate in the spring, but some mate the previous fall. Mating occurs on or in the host. Female-biased sex ratios are found consistently throughout the life cycle of C. banksianae and in overwintering adults of C. resinosae. In Ontario, oviposition galleries are initiated in the old shoots until mid-June, thereafter in new shoots. Peak oviposition is completed before new shoots have fully elongated. The very similar life history traits of C. banksianae and C. resinosae suggest the species are closely related, if not the same species as recently proposed.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and Virulence of Pythium Species Obtained from Forest Nursery Soils on Douglas-Fir Seedlings

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry E. Weiland ◽  
Bryan R. Beck ◽  
Anne Davis
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
The United States ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Forest Nurseries

Pythium species are common soilborne oomycetes that occur in forest nursery soils throughout the United States. Numerous species have been described from nursery soils. However, with the exception of P. aphanidermatum, P. irregulare, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum, little is known about the potential for other Pythium species found in nursery soils to cause damping-off of tree seedlings. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of 44 Pythium isolates representing 16 species that were originally recovered from soil at three forest nurseries in Washington and Oregon. Seeds of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were planted into soil infested with each of the isolates. Seedling survival, the number of surviving seedlings with necrotic root lesions, and taproot length were evaluated 4 weeks later. Responses of Douglas-fir to inoculation varied significantly depending on Pythium species and isolate. Eight species (P. dissotocum, P. irregulare, P. aff. macrosporum, P. mamillatum, P. aff. oopapillum, P. rostratifingens, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum var. ultimum) significantly reduced the number of surviving seedlings compared to the noninoculated treatment. However, all Pythium species caused a greater percentage of seedlings to develop root lesions (total mean 40%) than was observed from noninoculated seedlings (17%). Taproot length varied little among Pythium treatments and was not a useful character for evaluating pathogenicity. Results confirm the ability of P. irregulare, P. mamillatum, and P. ultimum var. ultimum to cause damping-off of Douglas-fir seedlings, and are indicative that other species such as P. dissotocum, P. aff. macrosporum, P. aff. oopapillum, P. rostratifingens, and P. sylvaticum may also be responsible for seedling loss.

scholarly journals Biological aspects of Hylesia metapyrrha (Lepidoptera; Saturniidae; Hemileucinae), in laboratory

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Specht ◽  
AC. Formentini ◽  
E. Corseuil
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Average Period ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Behavioral Aspects ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Guava Leaves

The aim of this work was to study biological aspects and the life cycle of Hylesia Metapyrrha in a laboratory. Laboratorial breeding was made at 25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% UR and 14 hours of photophase, feeding the larvae with guava leaves (Psidium guayava L. - Myrtaceae). Time was evaluated on the days of all the development stages; morphometry was evaluated in millimeters and the pupa’s mass in grams. The eggs were disposed in groups and covered by urticating abdominal hair. The incubation period lasted 52 days. The larvae, with gregarious habits, presented background black coloration, yellowish scoli and two orange longitudinal lines above and below the spiracles, during the development which lasted an average period of 74.59 days and went through seven instars. The pre-pupa and the pupa stages lasted on average 8.82 and 50.56 days, respectively; the female pupae presented a duration, weight and size which was significantly bigger. The adult stage lasted on average 5.50 days with periods of pre, post and oviposition of 2.30, 1.90 and 1.00 days, respectively. This study broadens the knowledge of the immature stages, biological, morphological and behavioral aspects, until then restricted to the morphology and to registers of the occurrence of the adult forms.

Cylindrocarpon and Fusarium root colonization of Douglas-fir seedlings from British Columbia reforestation sites

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E Axelrood ◽  
William K Chapman ◽  
Keith A Seifert ◽  
David B Trotter ◽  
Gwen Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Conifer Seedlings ◽  
Cylindrocarpon Destructans

Poor performance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations established in 1987 has occurred in southwestern British Columbia. Affected sites were planted with 1-year-old container stock that exhibited some root dieback in the nursery. A study was initiated in 1991 to assess Cylindrocarpon and Fusarium root infection in planted and naturally regenerating (natural) Douglas-fir seedlings from seven affected plantations. Percentages of seedlings harboring Cylindrocarpon spp.and percent root colonization were significantly greater for planted seedlings compared with natural seedlings. A significant linear trend in Cylindrocarpon root colonization was observed for planted seedlings with colonization levels being highest for roots closest to the remnants of the root plug and decreasing at distances greater than 10cm from that region. This trend in Cylindrocarpon colonization was not observed for natural seedlings. Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zins.) Scholten var. destructans and C.cylindroides Wollenw. var. cylindroides were the only species isolated from planted and natural conifer seedlings. For most sites, percentage of seedlings harboring Fusarium spp.and percent Fusarium root colonization were less than for Cylindrocarpon. Recovery of Fusarium spp.from seedlings and root colonization levels were not significantly different for planted and natural seedlings from all sites.

THE IMMATURE STAGES OF PTYCHOPTERA LENIS LENIS (DIPTERA: PTYCHOPTERIDAE) WITH NOTES ON THEIR BIOLOGY

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 1091-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Hodkinson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Pharate Adult

AbstractThe four larval instars and the pupa of Ptychoptera lenis lenis Osten Sacken are described. Instars 2 to 4 are very similar morphologically but instar 1 is markedly different. Both a pharate pupal and a pharate adult stage were observed. Larvae are found in stagnant marginal areas of ponds where water depth does not exceed 4 cm and where benthic deposits of plant detritus exceed 8 cm. Fourth instar larvae, under experimental conditions, survived up to 45 days without contact with atmospheric oxygen but development was arrested. P. lenis has a 1 year life cycle with an extended adult emergence season from late May to the end of July.

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