A METHOD FOR SEPARATING THE EGGS OF THE PRAIRIE GRAIN WIREWORM, CTENICERA DESTRUCTOR, FROM SOIL

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 1002-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Doane
Keyword(s):  
Volume Average ◽  
Ctenicera Destructor

AbstractA technique is described whereby an average of 99% (96–100%) of known numbers of eggs of Ctenicera destructor (Brown) were removed from units of soil 1/2 pint in volume. Average time to process each unit was 11/2 man-hours.

scholarly journals The Mode Heuristic in Service Consumers’ Interpretations of Online Rating Distributions

2021 ◽  
pp. 109467052110124
Author(s):  
Sarah Köcher ◽  
Sören Köcher
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Graphical Display ◽  
Visual Salience ◽  
Graphical Displays ◽  
Volume Average ◽  
Online Rating ◽  
Process Level ◽  
Shed Light

In this article, the authors demonstrate a tendency among consumers to use the arithmetic mode as a heuristic basis when drawing inferences from graphical displays of online rating distributions in such a way that service evaluations inferred from rating distributions systematically vary by the location of the mode. The rationale underlying this phenomenon is that the mode (i.e., the most frequent rating which is represented by the tallest bar in a graphical display) attracts consumers’ attention because of its visual salience and is thus disproportionately weighted when they draw conclusions. Across a series of eight studies, the authors provide strong empirical evidence for the existence of the mode heuristic, shed light on this phenomenon at the process level, and demonstrate how consumers’ inferences based on the mode heuristic depend on the visual salience of the mode. Together, the findings of these studies contribute to a better understanding of how service customers process and interpret graphical illustrations of online rating distributions and provide companies with a new key figure that—aside from rating volume, average ratings, and rating dispersion—should be incorporated in the monitoring, analyzing, and evaluating of review data.

scholarly journals On the Accelerated Settling of Fine Particles in a Bidisperse Slurry

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid L. Minkov ◽  
Yuliya O. Stepanova ◽  
Johann Dueck ◽  
Elizaveta V. Pikushchak
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Sedimentation Velocity ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Circulation Zone ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Volume Average ◽  
Bidisperse Suspension

An estimation of increasing the volume average sedimentation velocity of fine particles in bidisperse suspension due to their capturing in the circulation zone formed in the laminar flow of incompressible viscous fluid around the spherical coarse particle is proposed. The estimation is important for an explanation of the nonmonotonic shape of the separation curve observed for hydrocyclones. The volume average sedimentation velocity is evaluated on the basis of a cellular model. The characteristic dimensions of the circulation zone are obtained on the basis of a numerical solution of Navier-Stokes equations. Furthermore, these calculations are used for modelling the fast sedimentation of fine particles during their cosedimentation in bidisperse suspension. It was found that the acceleration of sedimentation of fine particles is determined by the concentration of coarse particles in bidisperse suspension, and the sedimentation velocity of fine fraction is proportional to the square of the coarse and fine particle diameter ratio. The limitations of the proposed model are ascertained.

scholarly journals Evolution of a mushy zone in a static temperature gradient using a volume average approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Phillion ◽  
M. Založnik ◽  
I. Spindler ◽  
N. Pinter ◽  
C.-A. Aledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Mushy Zone ◽  
Volume Average

REVISION OF THE HOLARCTIC GENUS PYRACMON (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Barron ◽  
G. S. Walley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
First Descriptions ◽  
Ctenicera Destructor

AbstractThe species of the holarctic genus Pyracmon Holmgren are revised. These are presumably all parasites of soil dwelling larvae of Coleoptera. Pyracmon sepiellum (Holmgren) is a parasite of Macropygon piceus LeConte (Dascillidae) and P. ctenicerae n. sp. is a parasite of Ctenicera destructor (Brown) (Elateridae). Seven species are recognized of which two are described as new, namely bucculentum (Holmgren), fumipenne (Zetterstedt), truncicola Thomson, and heteropus (Thomson), all from Europe, nigrifemur n. sp. from Japan, sepiellum (Holmgren), Holarctic, and ctenicerae n. sp. from western North America. The species are described, keyed, and figured based on characters of the adults. The final instar cephalic structures of larvae of sepiellum and ctenicerae are described and figured, these being the first descriptions representing the genus. Relationships of the genus Pyracmon with other members of the subfamily Campopleginae are discussed.

SEASONAL BEHAVIOR OF LARVAE OF CTENICERA SPP. AND OTHER WIREWORMS (COLEOPTERA:ELATERIDAE), IN RELATION TO TEMPERATURE, MOISTURE, FOOD, AND GRAVITY

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Y. Zacharuk
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Seasonal Behavior ◽  
Feeding Activities ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Ctenicera Destructor

In a gradient, nearly mature larvae of Ctenicera destructor (Brown) aggregated at higher average temperatures than did those of C. aeripennis (Kby.), Hypolithus bicolor Esch., or Limonius pectoralis Lec. Larvae of C. destructor from a field in wheat were distributed at higher temperatures than were those from fallow, and larvae from fallow were distributed at higher temperatures with food than without, Larvae from most of the above populations showed significant seasonal variations in distribution in the temperature gradient.Larvae of C. destructor from fields in wheat and fallow avoided dry soil more at the higher than at the lower temperatures without food, and more at 50° and less at 86° than at 68° F with food. Those of H. bicolor preferred moister soils than did those of C. destructor when food was present.The feeding activities of larvae of the two Ctenicera spp. were similar. They attacked and destroyed about 10 times as many seeds as those of H. bicolor or L. pectoralis. The feeding activities of larvae of each of the four species varied significantly with seasons. Larvae of C. destructor from fields in wheat did not feed appreciably less than those from fallow during the frost-free seasons. The feeding activities of larvae from fallow were directly related to temperature in the range 50–86° F, and to moisture in the range 5–25% content by weight in loam soil.Larvae of C. destructor showed positive responses to gravity.

Analysis of volume-average relations in continuum mechanics

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Ahadi ◽  
Per Lidström
Keyword(s):  
Continuum Mechanics ◽  
Volume Average

Development of volume-average theory for deep-bed filtration

AIChE Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1918-1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Stephan ◽  
G. G. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Deep Bed Filtration ◽  
Volume Average ◽  
Average Theory

Dynamics of Fibrovascular Tissue Ingrowth in Hydrogel Foams

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Conley Wake ◽  
Antonios G. Mikos ◽  
Georgios Sarakinos ◽  
Joseph P. Vacanti ◽  
Robert Langer
Keyword(s):  
Void Fraction ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Average Pore Diameter ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Seeding ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Tissue Ingrowth ◽  
Fibrovascular Tissue ◽  
Volume Average

We have investigated and quantified the degree of fibrovascular tissue ingrowth in cylindrical poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) foams of 12.5 mm diameter, 5 mm thickness, and 71% porosity implanted in the mesentery of rats over a period of 25 days. Fibrovascular tissue penetrated the center of PVA foams 5 days postimplantation yet the void fraction available for cell seeding was 55% and the volume average pore diameter was 190 (±39) μm. By 10 days postimplantation the void fraction had decreased to 32% and the volume average pore diameter was 121 (±20) μm. As time elapsed fibrovascular tissue continued to expand and fill the remaining pore space. At 15 days postimplantation the void space was impractical for cell seeding and continued to decrease through the remainder of the study. Our data suggest that hydrogel foams with a polydispersed pore morphology can be prevascularized with adequate space for cell seeding as the volume of tissue penetrating the foam is limited by the smaller pores in the foam structure; however, available void space for cell seeding decreases with time.

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