scholarly journals Pilot-Scale Low-Cost Mixed-Media Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) System to Treat Heavy Metals in Groundwater Contaminated by Landfill-Leachate

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
I. U. Nagasinghe ◽  
W. K. C. N. Dayanthi ◽  
D. M. Kankanige ◽  
A. M. Disanayaka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mixed Media ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Reactive Barrier

scholarly journals Pilot-Scale Evaluation of a Permeable Reactive Barrier with Compost and Brown Coal to Treat Groundwater Contaminated with Trichloroethylene

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Johana Grajales-Mesa ◽  
Grzegorz Malina
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Contaminated Aquifer ◽  
Scale Evaluation ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Reactive Barrier

This study evaluates, under field conditions, the efficiency of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) with compost and brown coal to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) (109 µg/L) from contaminated groundwater. Three stainless steel boxes (1.2 × 0.5 × 0.5 m) with the brown coal-compost mixture at three different mixing ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 (by volume) were installed to simulate the PRB. Groundwater from the TCE-contaminated aquifer was pumped into the system at a flow rate of 3.6 L/h. Residence times in the boxes were of: 25, 20, 10 h, respectively. Effluent samples were analyzed for TCE and its daughter products: dichloroethylene (DCE), vinyl chloride (VC) and ethane. During the 198-day experimental period TCE concentrations in groundwater decreased below ≤1.1 µg/L, i.e., much lower than groundwater and drinking water standards in Poland. After 16 days cis-1,2-DCE was monitored indicating possible reductive dechlorination of TCE. However, complete transformation of TCE into non-toxic byproducts was not evidenced during the time of experiments, indicating that reductive dechlorination slowed down or stopped at DCE, and that the designed residence times were not long enough to allow the complete dechlorination process.

Decontamination of Heavy Metals From Municipal Sewage Sludge (MSS) by Electrokinetic Remediation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ribeiro ◽  
J. Araújo ◽  
A. Mota ◽  
R. Campos ◽  
C. Vilarinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Reactive Barrier

Abstract A large quantity of sludges resulting from the treatment of MWWTP (Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant) effluent is generated annually following the increase of population density and acceleration of urbanization. Sludge production in Europe has been predicted by around 12 million tons in 2020. As a solid waste, appropriate disposal of Municipal Sewage Sludge (MSS) has been taken seriously due to its larger volume and toxic substances such as heavy metals. Electrokinetic remediation has more advantages in heavy metals uptake compared to other technologies, due to the ability to treat soils in-situ and to remove heavy metals from soils. In this work, it was studied the remediation of MSS by the electrokinetic remediation coupled with activated carbon (AC) as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB). It was applied an electric current of 3 V cm−1 and it was used an AC/sludge ratio of 30 g kg−1 of contaminated sludge for the preparation of the PRB. In each trial, the evolution of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) removal from the sludge were evaluated. Results proved that this process is perfectly suited for the removal of chromium, nickel and zinc metals from the sludge. At the end of the operation time, it was achieved a maximum removal rate of 56% for chromium, 73% for nickel and 99% for zinc, with initial concentrations of 2790 mg kg−1, 2840 mg kg−1, and 94200 mg kg−1, respectively. Based on these results, it was proved the technical viability of the proposed technology (electrokinetic with AC as a permeable reactive barrier) to treat municipal sewage sludges.

A Permeable Reactive Barrier for Treatment of Heavy Metals

Ground Water ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph D. Ludwig ◽  
Rick G. McGregor ◽  
David W. Blowes ◽  
Shawn G. Benner ◽  
Keith Mountjoy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Reactive Barrier

Ammonium removal from groundwater using a zeolite permeable reactive barrier: a pilot-scale demonstration

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1540-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengpin Li ◽  
Guoxin Huang ◽  
Xiangke Kong ◽  
Yingzhao Yang ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Capacity Limits ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
N Removal

In situ remediation of ammonium-contaminated groundwater is possible through a zeolite permeable reactive barrier (PRB); however, zeolite's finite sorption capacity limits the long-term field application of PRBs. In this paper, a pilot-scale PRB was designed to achieve sustainable use of zeolite in removing ammonium (NH4+-N) through sequential nitrification, adsorption, and denitrification. An oxygen-releasing compound was added to ensure aerobic conditions in the upper layers of the PRB where NH4+-N was microbially oxidized to nitrate. Any remaining NH4+-N was removed abiotically in the zeolite layer. Under lower redox conditions, nitrate formed during nitrification was removed by denitrifying bacteria colonizing the zeolite. During the long-term operation (328 days), more than 90% of NH4+-N was consistently removed, and approximately 40% of the influent NH4+-N was oxidized to nitrate. As much as 60% of the nitrate formed in the PRB was reduced in the zeolite layer after 300 days of operation. Removal of NH4+-N from groundwater using a zeolite PRB through bacterial nitrification and abiotic adsorption is a promising approach. The zeolite PRB has the advantage of achieving sustainable use of zeolite and immediate NH4+-N removal.

Effect of Mussel Shells as a Permeable Reactive Barrier in Municipal Sewage Sludge Treatment by Electrokinetic Remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1013 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
André Ribeiro ◽  
André Mota ◽  
Jorge Araújo ◽  
Cândida Vilarinho ◽  
Joana Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mussel Shells

IIn this work, it was evaluate the utilization of mussel shells (raw and calcinated) as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the treatment of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) contaminated with heavy metals, creating a novel combined system, which integrates two technologies: electrokinetic remediation technology, and adsorption by the utilization of mussel shells adsorbents. Regarding the adsorption process into the mussel shells adsorbents, it was also aimed to study the influence of aragonite and calcite on the adsorption of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). For the preparation of the PRB, it was used three adsorbents: MEXMT (raw mussel shells); MEXMT 600 (mussel shells calcinated at 600°C) and finally, a commercial calcium carbonate (CCCom). It was applied an electric current of 1 V cm-1 and it was used an adsorbent/sludge ratio of 30 g kg-1 of contaminated sludge for the preparation of the PRB. Results proved that this process is perfectly suited for the removal of the heavy metals understudy from the sludge, especially with MEXMT (raw mussel shells) adsorbent. With this adsorbent, at the end of the 92 hours of operation time, it was obtained high removal rates for each metal in study. Results demonstrate that higher removals rates were achieved in lead (92%), followed by zinc (82%), copper (76%), and finally chromium with 72%. Based on these results, it was proved the technical viability of the proposed technology (electrokinetic remediation with raw mussel shells as a permeable reactive barrier) to treat municipal sewage sludges.

In‐Situ Treatment of Landfill Leachate with Permeable Reactive Barriers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Reactive Barriers

As precipitation percolates through a landfill, it comes in contact with decomposing waste ranging from food wastes to factory wastes even to hazardous wastes. That water can then leach elements from the wastes and become contaminated forming what is typically called landfill leachate. Leachate has the potential to cause many health problems if allowed to reach the groundwater and every effort is made to slow and minimize its effect. The most common way of dealing with leachate is to pump it out of the base of the landfill with a series of pipes and pumps, but what about the treatment of the leachate in‐situ through the use of a permeable reactive barrier? Is it a viable solution?

scholarly journals Application of permeable reactive barrier in groundwater remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06021
Author(s):  
Qianfeng He ◽  
Shihui Si ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xiaoyu Tu
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
External Power ◽  
Remediation Design

As a new in-situ remediation of groundwater, compared with the traditional “pump and treat” technology, the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) has the advantages of low cost, no external power, the small disturbance to groundwater, small secondary pollution and long-term operation, this paper introduces the basic concept of PRB, technical principle, structure type, the principle of active materials selection and mechanisms of remediation, design and installation factors, it provides ideas for further research and application of PRB technology in groundwater remediation projects in China.

scholarly journals Characterization of broom fibers for PRB in the remediation of aquifers contaminated by heavy metals

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2545-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fallico ◽  
S. Troisi ◽  
A. Molinari ◽  
M. F. Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. The present level of pollution, increasingly involving ground waters, constitutes a serious risk to the environment and also to human health. Therefore the remediation of saturated and unsaturated soils to remove pollutant materials is more and more frequently required. In the present paper, the possibility of removing heavy metals by permeable reactive barrier (PRB) from the groundwater carried out specifically with broom fibers, is investigated. Once shown the economic benefits deriving from the use of this plant, a hydraulic characterization of the broom fiber mass was performed, determining the permeability and the porosity in correspondence to different levels of compactness of the fibers. Having verified the effectiveness of removal of some heavy metals by these fibers, the results of some experiments, carried out in the laboratory for this purpose, are shown. These experiments were carried out utilizing broom fibers obtained in different ways and, limitedly to the considered pollutants, showed the high capability of these fibers to reduce their concentrations. The best results were obtained for the broom fibers extracted by a particular chemical-physical process. Moreover, the behaviour of this fiber with time was investigated, determining the kinetic constant of degradation.

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