Unrepeatered Systems: A High-Tech and Cost-Effective Solution for High-Capacity Transmission

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brandon ◽  
J.P. Blondel ◽  
E. Lefranc ◽  
I. Vintermyr
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Forward Error Correction ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Optical Amplification ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Forward Error

The technical evolution in the field of unrepeatered systems has been tremendous during the last few years owing to the advent of new technologies such as optical amplification, high power lasers, forward error correction, wavelength division multiplexing and large fibre count.This paper describes these technologies, presents the various network applications and addresses the benefits of unrepeatered systems. An example of record laboratory experiment demonstrates the current potential of such systems. Finally, further technological improvements to increase both capacity and distance are discussed since they are needed to meet the growing market demand.

Erbium/Ytterbium-Doped Waveguide Amplifier (EYDWA) for extended reach of Wavelength Division Multiplexing based free space optics system (WDM/FSO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bentahar Attaouia ◽  
Kandouci Malika ◽  
Ghouali Samir
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Space Optics ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis work is focused to carry out the investigation of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) approach on free space optical (FSO) transmission systems using Erbium Ytterbium Doped Waveguide Amplifier (EYDWA) integrated as post-or pre-amplifier for extending the reach to 30 Km for the cost-effective implementation of FSO system considering weather conditions. Furthermore, the performance of proposed FSO-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system is also evaluated on the effect of varying the FSO range and results are reported in terms of Q factor, BER, and eye diagrams. It has been found that, under clear rain the post-amplification was performed and was able to reach transmission distance over 27 Km, whereas, the FSO distance has been limited at 19.5 Km by using pre-amplification.

scholarly journals Cylindrical vector beam multiplexer/demultiplexer using off-axis polarization control

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqing Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Xie ◽  
Huapeng Ye ◽  
Xinrou Wang ◽  
Zhenghao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Polarization Control ◽  
Vector Beam ◽  
Vector Mode ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Polarization Division Multiplexing ◽  
Cylindrical Vector Beam

AbstractThe emergence of cylindrical vector beam (CVB) multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication. Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs, the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies. Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface. We show that the left- and right-handed circularly polarized (LHCP/RHCP) components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface, and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode. We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband (from 1310 to 1625 nm) and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing. As a proof of concept, we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication, combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10−6 at the receive power of −21.6 dBm. This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication.

Comparative Analysis of High Speed 20/20 Gbps OTDM-PON, WDM-PON and TWDM-PON for Long-Reach NG-PON2

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meet Kumari ◽  
Reecha Sharma ◽  
Anu Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractNowadays, bandwidth demand is enormously increasing, that causes the existing passive optical network (PON) to become the future optical access network. In this paper, next generation passive optical network 2 (NG-PON2) based, optical time division multiplexing passive optical network (OTDM-PON), wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) and time & wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) systems with 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) downstream and 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) upstream capacity for eight optical network units has been proposed. The performance has been compared by varying the input power (−6 to 27 dBm) and transmission distance (10–130 km) in terms of Q-factor and optical received power in the presence of fiber noise and non-linearities. It has been observed that TWDM-PON outperforms OTDM-PON and WDM-PON for high input power and data rate (20/20 Gbps). Also, TWDM-PON shows its superiority for long-reach transmission up to 130 km, which is a cost-effective solution for future NG-PON2 applications.

Current Advances in Development of Material in the Field of Wiring in Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Takagi ◽  
N. Ishii ◽  
D. Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Access System ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Transmission Speed

AbstractThis paper presents the current advances in the development of materials in the field of telecommunication wiring together with the background which created the need for the new technologies. The background is somewhat unique to the current socio-economical situation of Japan. The key technical areas, which are addressed in this paper, are; (1) fibers for transmission of over 1 Tbps by utilizing WDM (wavelength division multiplexing), (2) fibers for fiber amplifiers to replace repeaters within trunk lines, (3) high density cables with over 1000 fiber counts, (4) ABF (air blown fiber) for access system, (5) plastic optical fibers wiring in premises or offices operating at the transmission speed of over 200 Mbps.

scholarly journals A Node-Regulated Deflection Routing Framework for Contention Minimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Bakhe Nleya ◽  
Andrew Mutsvangwa
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Deflection Routing ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Backbone Networks ◽  
Candidate Solution ◽  
Data Burst

Optical Burst Switching (OBS) paradigm coupled with Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) has become a practical candidate solution for the next-generation optical backbone networks. In its practical deployment only the edge nodes are provisioned with buffering capabilities, whereas all interior (core) nodes remain buffer-less. In that way the implementation becomes quite simple as well as cost effective as there will be no need for optical buffers in the interior. However, the buffer-less nature of the interior nodes makes such networks prone to data burst contention occurrences that lead to a degradation in overall network performance as a result of sporadic heavy burst losses. Such drawbacks can be partly countered by appropriately dimensioning available network resources and reactively by way of deflecting excess as well as contending data bursts to available least-cost alternate paths. However, the deflected data bursts (traffic) must not cause network performance degradations in the deflection routes. Because minimizing contention occurrences is key to provisioning a consistent Quality of Service (QoS), we therefore in this paper propose and analyze a framework (scheme) that seeks to intelligently deflect traffic in the core network such that QoS degradations caused by contention occurrences are minimized. This is by way of regulated deflection routing (rDr) in which neural network agents are utilized in reinforcing the deflection route choices at core nodes. The framework primarily relies on both reactive and proactive regulated deflection routing approaches in order to prevent or resolve data burst contentions. Simulation results show that the scheme does effectively improve overall network performance when compared with existing contention resolution approaches. Notably, the scheme minimizes burst losses, end-to-end delays, frequency of contention occurrences, and burst deflections.

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