Exploiting Codified User Task Knowledge to Discover Services at Design-Time

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-66
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Zachos ◽  
Angela Kounkou ◽  
Neil A. M. Maiden
Keyword(s):  
Service Discovery ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Codified Knowledge ◽  
Task Knowledge ◽  
Design Time ◽  
User Tasks ◽  
Context Specific

Most techniques for engineering service-based applications do not explicitly exploit knowledge about users and their tasks. In this paper the authors hypothesize that codified knowledge about user tasks can improve service discovery at design-time. It reports the extension of an existing service discovery algorithm to match service queries to user task models then reformulate the service queries with task-specific knowledge in order to improve discovery precision and recall scores. An empirical investigation of the extended algorithm revealed that, in order to deliver significant benefits, user task models need to describe more context-specific knowledge with which to extend service queries.

Traditional water knowledge: challenges and opportunities to build resilience to urban floods

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumana Asad ◽  
Iftekhar Ahmed ◽  
Josephine Vaughan ◽  
Jason von Meding
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Global South ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Water Values

Purpose Urban flooding in developing countries of the Global South is growing due to extreme rainfall and sea-level rise induced by climate change, as well as the proliferation of impervious, built-up areas resulting from unplanned urbanisation and development. Continuous loss of traditional knowledge related to local water management practices, and the de-valuing of such knowledge that goes hand-in-hand with globalised aspirations, is inhibiting flood resilience efforts. This paper aims to address the need to include traditional water knowledge (TWK) in urban living and development processes in the Global South. Design/methodology/approach This paper commences with a review of existing frameworks that focus on natural resource management, critically assessing two existing frameworks of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). The assessment of the existing approaches contributes to this paper’s development of a novel framework to promote TWK with regard to resilience and risk reduction, specifically for developing flood adaptive strategies, which is the second stage of this paper. Finally, the paper explains how the framework can contribute to the field of urban design and planning using examples from the literature to demonstrate challenges and opportunities related to the adaptation of such a framework. Findings The framework developed in this paper reveals three proposed vertices of TWK, named as place-based landscape knowledge, water use and management and water values. This framework has the potential to produce context-specific knowledge that can contribute to flood-resilient built-environment through urban design and practices. Research limitations/implications The framework developed in this paper reveals three proposed vertices of TWK, named place-based landscape knowledge, water use and management and water values. This framework has the potential to produce context-specific knowledge that can contribute to flood-resilient built-environment through urban design and practices. Originality/value Within the field of TEK research, very few researchers have explored the field of developing flood resilience in an urban context. The proposed TWK framework presented in this paper will help to fill that gap.

Context-specific Knowledge Is the “Key” to Salsa Music

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Laura M. Getz ◽  
Scott Barton ◽  
Lynn K. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Salsa Music ◽  
Context Specific

Concept Science

2017 ◽  
pp. 103-116
Keyword(s):  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Unstructured Text ◽  
Meaning Equivalence ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

This chapter describe the evolution of Concept Science that gave rise to Concept Parsing Algorithms (CPA). Concept Science developed ways to clarify conceptual content encoded in unstructured text that communicate context-specific knowledge in a sublanguage within a discipline. It was developed and tested since the early 1990s at the University of Toronto and Ryerson University in Toronto (Shafrir and Etkind, 2010). Concept Science lead to Pedagogy for Conceptual Thinking with Meaning Equivalence Reusable Learning Objects (MERLO) that offer a powerful tool for engaging and motivating students, and enhancing learning outcomes. This chapter describe some of Concept Science-based tools that provide new ways to discover, encode, and manage knowledge in large digital libraries of unstructured text in educational, governmental, NGO, and business organizations.

scholarly journals The development of an instructional design model as a strategic enabler for sustainable competitive advantage

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
L. Le Roux ◽  
H. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Skilled Workforce

In a business environment of continuous change and in light of a defined need to fast track skills improvement and development in South Africa and Africa, training strategies and practices are under increasing pressure to develop a more productive and skilled workforce. Demands on training and the practices it employs increasingly focus on the alignment with strategic imperatives of organisations and the country.This research presented an instructional design (ID) model positioned in intersection between the positioning-based and resource-based theories and used a multi-disciplinary approach to extend the literature on ID models with the aim to offer measurable improvements in job-specific knowledge and productive behaviour as proxies for sustainable competitive advantage. The research confirmed the contribution of the ID model in this regard and described and substantiated the pivotal link between training and ID models and the application thereof in practice to aid organisations and, by extension, countries, in the achievement and sustainability of competitive advantage. This, the first of two articles, presents not only the theoretical and practical context of the research, but also the development of a revised and advanced ID model. In the second article the ID model will be subjected to empirical investigation and evaluated through the application thereof in a case organisation and a grounded conclusion provided.This is the first in a series of two articles.

scholarly journals Lightweight Adaptation of Classifiers to Users and Contexts: Trends of the Emerging Domain

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Vildjiounaite ◽  
Georgy Gimel’farb ◽  
Vesa Kyllönen ◽  
Johannes Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Computer Applications ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Classifier Adaptation ◽  
Application Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Application Developers ◽  
Intelligent Computer

Intelligent computer applications need to adapt their behaviour to contexts and users, but conventional classifier adaptation methods require long data collection and/or training times. Therefore classifier adaptation is often performed as follows: at design time application developers define typical usage contexts and provide reasoning models for each of these contexts, and then at runtime an appropriate model is selected from available ones. Typically, definition of usage contexts and reasoning models heavily relies on domain knowledge. However, in practice many applications are used in so diverse situations that no developer can predict them all and collect for each situation adequate training and test databases. Such applications have to adapt to a new user or unknown context at runtime just from interaction with the user, preferably in fairlylightweightways, that is, requiring limited user effort to collect training data and limited time of performing the adaptation. This paper analyses adaptation trends in several emerging domains and outlines promising ideas, proposed for making multimodal classifiers user-specific and context-specific without significant user efforts, detailed domain knowledge, and/or complete retraining of the classifiers. Based on this analysis, this paper identifies important application characteristics and presents guidelines to consider these characteristics in adaptation design.

Knowledge Sharing in Consulting Companies: Opportunities and Limitations of Knowledge Codification

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snejina Michailova ◽  
Akshey Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Codification ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
The Common ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Organisational Level

This paper is a study of the knowledge-sharing difficulties experienced by three departments in a knowledge-intensive firm. The case organisation is a global consulting firm that has been on the forefront of knowledge management and has won several knowledge management related international acclaims. Our analysis shows that there are strong disincentives in place for departments to share knowledge. We found that the nature of the businesses of the departments was very different and so were their knowledge requirements and their preferred ways to seek knowledge. Additionally, confidentiality agreements with clients and lack of cross-departmental interaction inhibited knowledge sharing outside departmental boundaries. Contrary to the common belief in the organisation, we found that one single IT system could not satisfy the context-specific knowledge-sharing needs of the different departments. We suggest that some very recent breakthrough technologies could be applied to facilitate cross-departmental knowledge sharing provided they are implemented at the strategic organisational level.

Empirical Investigation of the Efficacy and Efficiency of Tools for Transferring Software Engineering Knowledge

2008 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Ardimento ◽  
Danilo Caivano ◽  
Marta Cimitile ◽  
Giuseppe Visaggio
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Exploratory Search ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Knowledge Requirements ◽  
Definition Of

Continuous pressure on behalf of enterprises leads to a constant need for innovation. This involves exchanging results of knowledge and innovation among research groups and enterprises in accordance to the Open Innovation paradigm. The technologies that seem to be apparently attractive for exchanging knowledge are the Internet and its search engines. Literature provides many discordant opinions on their efficacy, and no empirical evidence on the topic. This work starts from the definition of a Knowledge Acquisition Process, and presents a rigorous empirical investigation that evaluates the efficacy of the previous technologies within the Exploratory Search of Knowledge and of Relevant Knowledge according to specific knowledge requirements. The investigation has pointed out that these technologies are not effective for Explorative Search. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of other technologies to develop and analyse in order to overcome the weaknesses that this investigation has pointed out within the Knowledge Acquisition Process.

scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation as a Service infrastructure capabilities for discovery, composition and execution of simulation services

2020 ◽  
pp. 154851291989685
Author(s):  
Jo Erskine Hannay ◽  
Tom van den Berg ◽  
Scott Gallant ◽  
Kevin Gupton
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Service Discovery ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Service Information ◽  
Independent Information ◽  
Implementation Time ◽  
Execution Environment ◽  
Set Up

Modeling and Simulation as a Service (MSaaS) embodies the idea that simulations should be composed quickly for the task at hand from loosely coupled shared components, simulation services, in a cloud-based environment. These simulations are then offered, as composed simulation services, to human and technical consumers. Instrumental to this, is functionality that lets a simulation operator discover and compose simulation services and execute the composition. We describe this functionality in terms of what we call MSaaS infrastructure capabilities. Following the idea of stepwise refinement, the discovery and composition of simulation services can be done at design time using implementation-independent information about simulation services and at implementation time using implementation-specific information about simulation services. The execution environment can also be set up at design time and at implementation time. We therefore describe the MSaaS infrastructure capabilities in terms of how they are used on both implementation-independent and implementation-specific service information. By doing these elaborations, we intend to gain greater insight into how to perform simulation service discovery, composition, and execution. We conclude that although much of the required functionality for a MSaaS infrastructure is available through existing platforms and frameworks, it is necessary to offer this functionality as services, alongside (composed) simulation services, to fulfill the MSaaS vision.

scholarly journals Identification of Context-Specific Knowledge as a Tool for Biogas Facilitators and Their Quality Involvement—Using Vietnamese Practice as an Example

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hynek Roubík ◽  
Jana Mazancová
Keyword(s):  
Transition Process ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Quality Assessments

In Central Vietnam, two key actors are involved in the extension performance of biogas technology: The owners of biogas plants and facilitators. Facilitators as the immediate providers of advice and services are in direct contact with local farmers and belong to the Vietnamese national extension network. This paper aims at identifying the current state of extension services and creating proper recommendations for further processes of training in the target area through the identification of context-specific knowledge (CSK). CSK can serve as a tool for facilitators and their quality involvement and for the improvement of current training practices in the area. It also provides performance indicators (PIs) for facilitators’ quality assessments. PIs should be consistent parts of the educational process for the evaluation of knowledge transmission success. More research in terms of facilitator’s impacts on the knowledge transition process towards the biogas owners should be done to prove the sustainability of the extension services.

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