Liquefaction Hazard Scenario of Imphal City for 1869 Cachar and a Hypothetical Earthquake

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Pallav ◽  
S. T. G. Raghukanth ◽  
Konjengbam Darunkumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Severity Index ◽  
Great Earthquake ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Hazard Scenario ◽  
Liquefaction Failure

In the present article liquefaction potential of Imphal city is reported in the form of two indices, i.e., LPI (Liquefaction Potential Index) and LSI (Liquefaction Severity Index), for 1869 Cachar earthquake (Mw 7.5) along the Kopili fault and probable future great earthquake (Mw 8.1) in the Indo-Burma subduction zone. The Factor of Safety (FS) against liquefaction has been computed by using modified procedure given by Idriss and Boulanger (2006) for all depths of 122 boreholes. The computed FS have been used as input parameters for evaluating LPI and LSI indices for Imphal City. Based on these LPI and LSI indices, liquefaction potential hazard contour maps of Imphal city is prepared. It is observed that over a large area of Imphal city is highly vulnerable to liquefaction failure in the events of the selected earthquake. The liquefaction hazard obtained at each site exhibits a good agreement with the damages documented for 1869 Cachar earthquake. This contour map can be served as a guideline for engineer and planner in site selection for upcoming projects and helps city administration in mitigating the city from future hazards.

scholarly journals Liquefaction Resistance Evaluation of Soils using Artificial Neural Network for Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Kashem Faruki Fahim ◽  
Md. Zillur Rahman ◽  
Md. Shakhawat Hossain ◽  
A S M Maksud Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Cumulative Frequency ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Resistance Evaluation ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract Soil liquefaction resistance evaluation is an important site investigation for seismically active areas. To minimize the loss of life and property, liquefaction hazard analysis is a prerequisite for seismic risk management and development of an area. Liquefaction potential index (LPI) is widely used to determine the severity of liquefaction quantitatively and spatially. LPI is estimated from the factor of safety (FS) of liquefaction that is the ratio of cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) to cyclic stress ratio (CSR) calculated applying simplified procedure. Artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm has been used in the present study to predict CRR directly from the normalized standard penetration test blow count (SPT-N) and near-surface shear wave velocity (Vs) data of Dhaka City. It is observed that ANN model have generated accurate CRR data. Three liquefaction hazard zones are identified in Dhaka City on the basis of the cumulative frequency (CF) distribution of the LPI of each geological unit. The liquefaction hazard maps have been prepared for the city using the liquefaction potential index (LPI) and its cumulative frequency (CF) distribution of each liquefaction hazard zone. The CF distribution of the SPT-N based LPI indicates that 15%, 53%, and 69% of areas, whereas the CF distribution of the Vs based LPI indicates that 11%, 48%, and 62% of areas of Zone 1, 2, and 3, respectively, show surface manifestation of liquefaction for a scenario earthquake of moment magnitude, Mw 7.5 with a peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.15 g.

scholarly journals Liquefaction Hazard Mapping Based on LPI (Liquefaction Potential Index) At Jepara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1611-1617
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Liquefaction Potential Index ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Potential Level

Liquefaction is a phenomenon of loss of strength of the soil layers caused by earthquake vibration. Liquefaction causes the soil to be in a liquid – like state, especially on sandy soil. Analysis of liquefaction potential was performed by using the semi-empirical method by calculating the Safety Factor (SF) based on Standard penetration Test (SPT) and Cone Penetration test (CPT) data. After the SF value was obtained, then the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) was calculated to determine the level of potential liquefaction in the study area to further produce a liquefaction potential map based on the liquefaction potential index. Based on the results of the calculation of the LPI, the level of liquefaction potential in the study area was very low when the earthquake magnitude is 5 Mw because the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) = 0. When the earthquake magnitude is 6 Mw, 7 Mw, 8 Mw, and 9 Mw, most of the investigation area has low potential level and there are some points that a high potential level.

scholarly journals LPI Based Earthquake Induced Soil Liquefaction Susceptibility Assessment at Probashi Palli Abasan Project Area, Tongi, Gazipur, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
A. H. Farazi ◽  
N. Ferdous ◽  
A. S. M. M. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Cumulative Frequency ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Simplified Procedure

This study aims at evaluation of seismic soil liquefaction hazard potential at Probashi Palli Abasan Project area of Tongi, Gazipur, exploiting standard penetration test (SPT) data of 15 boreholes, following Simplified Procedure. Liquefaction potential index (LPI) of each borehole was determined and then cumulative frequency distribution of clustered LPI values of each surface geology unit was determined assuming cumulative frequency at LPI = 5 as the threshold value for liquefaction initiation. By means of geotechnical investigation two surface geological units—Holocene flood plain deposits, and Pleistocene terrace deposits were identified in the study area. We predicted that 14% and 24% area of zones topped by Pleistocene terrace deposits and zones topped by Holocene flood plain deposits, respectively, would exhibit surface manifestation of liquefaction as a result of 7 magnitude earthquake. The engendered hazard map also depicts site specific liquefaction intensity through LPI values of respective boreholes, and color index, which was delineated by mapping with ArcGIS software. Very low to low, and low to high liquefaction potential, respectively, was found in the areas covered by Pleistocene terrace deposits and Holocene flood plain deposits. LPI values of both units are such that sand boils could be generated where LPI > 5.

Probabilistic framework for assessing liquefaction hazard at a given site in a specified exposure time using standard penetration testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 674-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hsein Juang ◽  
Chang-Yu Ou ◽  
Chih-Chieh Lu ◽  
Zhe Luo
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Probabilistic Framework ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Standard Penetration Testing ◽  
Surface Manifestation

This paper presents a probabilistic framework for assessing the liquefaction hazard at a given site in a given exposure time. Ten sites from different seismic-prone regions of the USA are studied to validate the developed probabilistic framework. Additionally, this framework is extended from the focus of liquefaction potential at a given soil element (or finite layer) to the concern of the whole soil column based on the concept of liquefaction potential index (LPI) proposed by Iwasaki and his co-workers. In this extended framework, the probability of surface manifestation of liquefaction at a given site subjected to all ground motions at all hazard levels in a given exposure time is determined. As an example to illustrate this probabilistic framework, the widely used, standard penetration test (SPT)-based method by Youd et al. is adopted as a building block in the framework. This framework is illustrated with examples and its versatility is demonstrated. Finally, the procedure for extending the developed framework to the evaluation of ground settlement is outlined.

Assessment of Liquefaction Potential Index Using Deterministic and Probabilistic Approaches

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen James ◽  
T. G. Sitharam ◽  
K. S. Vipin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Liquefaction Susceptibility ◽  
Liquefaction Potential Index ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Deterministic And Probabilistic Approaches

Liquefaction is a devastating effect of earthquakes resulting in sudden decrease in shear strength due to excess pore water pressure generation, resulting in differential settlement of structure, inducing severe damages. Assessment of liquefaction hazard for a given site is important for planning out mitigation works. In this paper the liquefaction susceptibility using deterministic and probabilistic methodologies was assessed and results are presented in terms of liquefaction potential index (LPI) for a nuclear power plant site. The results of this study are explored further in the article.

scholarly journals Assessment of liquefaction potential index for Mumbai city

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2759-2768 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dixit ◽  
D. M. Dewaikar ◽  
R. S. Jangid
Keyword(s):  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Empirical Procedure ◽  
Liquefaction Potential Index ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
The City ◽  
Mumbai City

Abstract. Mumbai city is the financial capital of India and is fifth most densely populated city in the world. Seismic soil liquefaction is evaluated for Mumbai city in terms of the factors of safety against liquefaction (FS) along the depths of soil profiles for different earthquakes with 2% probability of exceedance in 50 yr using standard penetration test (SPT)-based simplified empirical procedure. This liquefaction potential is evaluated at 142 representative sites in the city using the borehole records from standard penetration tests. Liquefaction potential index (LPI) is evaluated at each borehole location from the obtained factors of safety (FS) to predict the potential of liquefaction to cause damage at the surface level at the site of interest. Spatial distribution of soil liquefaction potential is presented in the form of contour maps of LPI values. As the majority of the sites in the city are of reclaimed land, the vulnerability of liquefaction is observed to be very high at many places.

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