Management of Unanticipated Extreme Flood

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
Partho Das ◽  
Rezaur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Extreme Flooding ◽  
High Topography

South Asian countries (Nepal, India, and Bangladesh) experienced extreme flooding in August 2017 which is one of the deadliest in the recent few decades. Being the downstream country of this Himalayan region Bangladesh experienced immense flooding both in its flood prone and less flood prone areas. Northwest Bangladesh district Dinajpur is known for its high topography where flooding is not a common phenomenon. Due to this reason flood control and flood management practices by concerned agencies are very rare in this region. Such negligence in river and floodplain management turned this region a vulnerable one due to flood. The unexpected August 2017 flood in Dinajpur bears an example that this region is no longer flood free. This study aims to study the insights of this August 2017 flood event bi investigating causes, flood time and after flood recovery, existing management practices and damage information etc. Based on those primary and secondary assessment, future directions for flood management in this region has been proposed.

scholarly journals Crash tests for forward-looking flood control in the city of Zürich (Switzerland)

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zappa ◽  
N. Andres ◽  
P. Kienzler ◽  
D. Näf-Huber ◽  
C. Marti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Downstream Reach ◽  
Structural Measure ◽  
The City ◽  
Crash Tests

Abstract. Floods in the city of Zürich (Switzerland) were already reported in the 13th century. The most severe threat are floods from the Sihl river (336 km2, including also an hydropower reservoir) with peaks exceeding 350 m3 s−1. An assessment using a rainfall-runoff model has been completed to evaluate extreme flood situations by combining 18 precipitation scenarios with different initial conditions. These scenarios identified deficits for the safety of Zürich. For the improvement of flood management several measures are possible. Crash-tests with 41 472 combinations of measures and scenarios have been evaluated. According to the results, the spillway channel option in the downstream reach of the Sihl is a promising structural measure to ensure flood relief for Zürich. Lowering the artificial reservoir lake before the event consistently increases safety also in the upstream part, but causes financial losses in terms of hydroelectricity. The combination of measures can lead to an optimal safety also in case of unfavourable initial conditions. Pending questions concern the costs, political decisions and the environmental sustainability.

Comparison of ArcToolbox and Terrain Tiles processing procedures for inundation mapping in mountainous terrain

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Andrew Darnell, MSCE, EIT ◽  
Richard Wise, MSCE, EIT ◽  
John Quaranta, PhD, PE
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Inundation Maps ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Software Programs

Floodplain management consists of efforts to reduce flood damage to critical infrastructure and to protect the life and health of individuals from flooding. A major component of this effort is the monitoring of flood control structures such as dams because the potential failure of these structures may have catastrophic consequences. To prepare for these threats, engineers use inundation maps that illustrate the flood resulting from high river stages. To create the maps, the structure and river systems are modeled using engineering software programs, and hydrologic events are used to simulate the conditions leading to the failure of the structure. The output data are then exported to other software programs for the creation of inundation maps. Although the computer programs for this process have been established, the processing procedures vary and yield inconsistent results. Thus, these processing methods need to be examined to determine the functionality of each in floodplain management practices. The main goal of this article is to present the development of a more integrated, accurate, and precise graphical interface tool for interpretation by emergency managers and floodplain engineers. To accomplish this purpose, a potential dam failure was simulated and analyzed for a candidate river system using two processing methods: ArcToolbox and Terrain Tiles. The research involved performing a comparison of the outputs, which revealed that both procedures yielded similar inundations for single river reaches. However, the results indicated key differences when examining outputs for large river systems. On the basis of criteria involving the hydrologic accuracy and effects on infrastructure, the Terrain Tiles inundation surpassed the ArcToolbox inundation in terms of following topography and depicting flow rates and flood extents at confluences, bends, and tributary streams. Thus, the Terrain Tiles procedure is a more accurate representation of flood extents for use by floodplain engineers, hydrologists, geographers, and emergency managers.

scholarly journals Combination of different types of ensembles for the adaptive simulation of probabilistic flood forecasts: hindcasts for the Mulde 2002 extreme event

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dietrich ◽  
S. Trepte ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
A. H. Schumann ◽  
F. Voß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Ensemble Prediction ◽  
Ensemble Forecasts ◽  
Ensemble Prediction System ◽  
Extreme Flood

Abstract. Flood forecasts are essential to issue reliable flood warnings and to initiate flood control measures on time. The accuracy and the lead time of the predictions for head waters primarily depend on the meteorological forecasts. Ensemble forecasts are a means of framing the uncertainty of the potential future development of the hydro-meteorological situation. This contribution presents a flood management strategy based on probabilistic hydrological forecasts driven by operational meteorological ensemble prediction systems. The meteorological ensemble forecasts are transformed into discharge ensemble forecasts by a rainfall-runoff model. Exceedance probabilities for critical discharge values and probabilistic maps of inundation areas can be computed and presented to decision makers. These results can support decision makers in issuing flood alerts. The flood management system integrates ensemble forecasts with different spatial resolution and different lead times. The hydrological models are controlled in an adaptive way, mainly depending on the lead time of the forecast, the expected magnitude of the flood event and the availability of measured data. The aforementioned flood forecast techniques have been applied to a case study. The Mulde River Basin (South-Eastern Germany, Czech Republic) has often been affected by severe flood events including local flash floods. Hindcasts for the large scale extreme flood in August 2002 have been computed using meteorological predictions from both the COSMO-LEPS ensemble prediction system and the deterministic COSMO-DE local model. The temporal evolution of a) the meteorological forecast uncertainty and b) the probability of exceeding flood alert levels is discussed. Results from the hindcast simulations demonstrate, that the systems would have predicted a high probability of an extreme flood event, if they would already have been operational in 2002. COSMO-LEPS showed a reasonably good performance within a lead time of 2 to 3 days. Some of the deterministic very short-range forecast initializations were able to predict the dynamics of the event, but others underpredicted rainfall. Thus a lagged average ensemble approach is suggested. The findings from the case study support the often proposed added value of ensemble forecasts and their probabilistic evaluation for flood management decisions.

Floodplain Management: A Flood and Land Planning System

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice D. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Banking Regulations ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Disaster Aid

The trauma and loss which we experience from flooding is a measure of the effectiveness of a society's leaders, for the results of land and flood management configurations can be predicted. Floodplain Management (FM) is the only approach that can control excessive runoff and tides in the long term. It is a system for turning flood-plains to needed uses— ‘open’ uses such as farms and parks—and for either floodproofing buildings in flood zones or keeping them out of the floodplain.FM tends in most situations, and indeed in general, to be more economic and less socially costly than other flood-management formats. It allows lands to play more appropriate roles, generally does not fight natural water-cycles, decreases at-risk populations, deals effectively with flood hazards, tends not to destabilize soil and biological systems, and does not require great commitments to maintain.Unfortunately the structural approach is often preferred, and an important, perhaps pivoting, reason is that it is part of a system of largess used by governmental leaders to aid financial constituencies. Political reform is accordingly required.FM tools include citizen intervention; regulation; property rights purchase; flood-control structures; relocation of settlements; weather forecasting, warning, and modification; governmental loan and guarantee activities; government flood insurance; private and governmental disaster aid; banking regulations; farm preservation, erosion control, and water-quality management; parks, refuges, scenic streams, and open spaces; coordination of ‘delivery’ of services; trust, cooperative, and other private arrangements; legal redress; and special planning and executive devices, each of which is considered briefly.

scholarly journals Critically endangered mohashol, Tor tor: Present status and road to conservation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD SHALAH UDDIN KABIR ◽  
MD. RAFIQUL ISLAM SARDER ◽  
MOHAMMAD MATIUR RAHMAN ◽  
MD. FAZLUL AWAL MOLLAH ◽  
MOHAMMAD ABU TAHER
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Transboundary Rivers ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
The Past ◽  
Integrated Conservation ◽  
Tor Tor

Mohashol, Tor tor is one of the most beautiful indigenous fish of Bangladesh. It is a globally acclaimed sport and table fish and distributed in many South and Southeast Asian countries. In the past Tor tor was reported to be available in some rivers of different parts of Bangladesh, but at present this species is very rarely found only in Someshwari, one of the transboundary rivers of Bangladesh. Illegal fishing practices, soil erosion and siltation, construction of flood control and drainage structures, excessive human intervention on this river for livelihood as well as climate change have been considered as the main causes to degrade the habitat of mohashol. Moreover, unscientific coal mining in Meghalaya has further aggravated the problem. Consequently, T. tor has been red listed as critically endangered fish in Bangladesh. Though few attempts have been made for conservation of T. putitora, the endangered T. tor did not get such due importance. So, it is the prime time to put our heads together to conserve this lucrative, aristocratic and iconic fish and to design an integrated conservation project under a multilateral agreement among the South Asian countries specially India, Bangladesh and Nepal as the initial step in this regard.

Wadhwa, Charan D. and MukulG. Asher (eds.). ASEAN-SOUTH ASIA Economic Relations. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1985. ix+384pp.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussain Malik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Southeast Asian Studies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Policy Proposals

The need to enhance their economic relations with each other has long been felt by developing countries. However, their efforts in this regard have met with limited success. One of the reasons for this could be that not much serious work has been done to understand the complexities and possibilities of economic relations of developing countries. The complementarities which exist among the economies of these countries remain relatively unexplored. There is a lack of concrete policy proposals which developing countries may follow to achieve their often proclaimed objective of collective self-reliance. All this needs serious and rigorous research efforts. In this perspective, the present study can be considered as a step in the right direction. It examines trade and other economic relations of developing countries of two regions of Asia-South Asian countries and member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The study also explores ways and means to improve economic relations among these countries

Religion and Female-Male Ratios in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Narayan
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Countries

The data is largely based on Census records from 1881 to 2011 of South Asian countries especially India, disaggregated by sex, age and religion.

Reduce Disease Burden of Human Schistosomiasis in Asia Through Biological Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1118-1132
Author(s):  
Sidra Saleem ◽  
Haroon Ahmed ◽  
Tooba Siddiqui ◽  
Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc ◽  
Aisha Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Neglected Disease ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Near Future

Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by a trematode blood fluke of the genus Schistosoma that belongs to the Schistosomatidae family. It is a neglected disease in different regions of Asia. In this review, 218 articles (between 2000 and 2017) related to the topic were collected from PubMed and Google scholar and reviewed. After thoroughly reading collected articles, due to irrelevant topic requirements, 94 articles were excluded. Articles that have data associated with Asian regions are considered. In Asia, the disease is prevalent in China, Philippines, Indonesia, Yemen, Nepal and Laos, etc. While in Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, the disease is not endemic and very few cases were reported. The disease was eliminated from Japan and Iran. The current review highlights the geographical distribution among Asian countries, transmission patterns, diagnosis, control strategies based on the use of anthelmintic plants and management practices implemented in Asia for the control of schistosomiasis. However, new implementations to treat schistosomiasis in humans should be proved to eliminate the disease finally in the future. This review emphasizes the biological control of schistosomiasis for the eradication of the disease from Asia in the near future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document