On the Behavior-Based Risk Communication Models in Crisis Management and Social Risks Minimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Kostyuchenko ◽  
Viktor Pushkar ◽  
Olga Malysheva ◽  
Maxim Yuschenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Future Research Directions

The article formulates and calibrates a formal model of risk communications in the framework of a risk-based community resilience assessment approach in transforming societies under crises and conflicts. It was demonstrated that perception of risks is not adequate. This situation is recognized as a threat, which leads to a significant increase of losses and to spreading of wrong crisis management practices. To improve decision-making at the personal, group, and population levels, a behavioral-based communication model has been proposed. The modified form of engagement into collective actions for substantially fractionalized society is proposed. A number of models of action calls and a collective decision-making under stress conditions with dynamic communication are put forward. On the basis of the developed model, ways of optimizing communication strategies are aimed at corresponding risk minimization are developed. Future research directions are highlighted.

Communicative Changes Associated with Repeated Use of Electronic Meeting Systems for Decision-Making Tasks

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Scott ◽  
C. Erik Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Electronic Meeting Systems ◽  
Team Interaction ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Practical Implications

Although various technologies are widely used to support decision-making teams, we know relatively little about the use of specialized Electronic Meeting Systems (EMSs) and their use over time during ongoing projects. This study addresses that gap by examining how communication affordances (anonymous communication, participation equality, and influence equality) of some EMSs may change with repeated usage of the system for multiple decision-making meetings. Based on an EMS process model and related theories, the authors hypothesize that communicative benefits will decline after initial team interaction. Data from 14 intact decision-making teams (using an EMS for 3 separate meetings) provide strong support for most of the anonymity hypotheses, as perceptions of self and other anonymity decline and confidence in source attributions increases with repeated usage. There was partial support for the predicted changes in participation equality and influence equality. The authors conclude with practical implications and future research directions based on these findings.

Central Language Hypothesis in the Decision-Making Process

2016 ◽  
pp. 66-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Buğa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limbic Cortex ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Brain

The purpose of this chapter is to explore the potential connection between neuroeconomics and the Central Language Hypothesis (CLH) which refers to the language placed within the subconscious mind of an individual. The CLH forwards that in the brains of bilingual and multilingual people, one language is more suppressive as it dominates reflexes, emotions, and senses. This central language (CL) is located at the centre of the limbic cortex of the brain. Therefore, when there is a stimulus on the limbic cortex (e.g., fear, anxiety, sadness), the brain produces the central language. The chapter begins with an Introduction followed by a Theoretical Framework. The next section discusses the neurolinguistic projection of the central language and includes the survey and the results used in this study. The Discussion section provides additional information regarding the questionnaire and the CLH, followed by Future Research Directions, Implications, and finally the Conclusion.

Decision Making Under Uncertainty and Risks in the Face of Rapidly Advancing Technologies

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Vicente González-Prida Díaz ◽  
Jesus Pedro Zamora Bonilla ◽  
Pablo Viveros Gunckel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Reduction Of Uncertainty

This chapter aims to consider the effects of the new concept Industry 4.0 on decision making, particularly on the reduction of uncertainty and the risk associated with any choice between alternatives. For this purpose, this chapter begins by dealing with the concepts of risk and uncertainty and their epistemological evolution. After observing certain trends and recent studies in this regard, the authors address a more philosophical perception of risk, mainly on aspects related to engineering and social perception. The concept of human reliability will also be reviewed and how it can be improved with the application of emerging technologies, considering some methodological proposals to improve the decision making. After that, some of the possible future research directions will be briefly discussed. Finally, the chapter concludes by highlighting key aspects of the chapter as a context for other chapters in the book.

scholarly journals Discriminated by an algorithm: a systematic review of discrimination and fairness by algorithmic decision-making in the context of HR recruitment and HR development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-848
Author(s):  
Alina Köchling ◽  
Marius Claus Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Management Context ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
State Of Research

AbstractAlgorithmic decision-making is becoming increasingly common as a new source of advice in HR recruitment and HR development. While firms implement algorithmic decision-making to save costs as well as increase efficiency and objectivity, algorithmic decision-making might also lead to the unfair treatment of certain groups of people, implicit discrimination, and perceived unfairness. Current knowledge about the threats of unfairness and (implicit) discrimination by algorithmic decision-making is mostly unexplored in the human resource management context. Our goal is to clarify the current state of research related to HR recruitment and HR development, identify research gaps, and provide crucial future research directions. Based on a systematic review of 36 journal articles from 2014 to 2020, we present some applications of algorithmic decision-making and evaluate the possible pitfalls in these two essential HR functions. In doing this, we inform researchers and practitioners, offer important theoretical and practical implications, and suggest fruitful avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Requirements Based Design of Environmental System of Systems: Development and Application of a Nexus Design Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heitmann ◽  
Pahl-Wostl ◽  
Engel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Resource Management ◽  
System Of Systems Engineering ◽  
Almost All

Social, technological, and environmental systems have become increasingly interconnected. Integrated problems arising between embedded water, energy, and food systems, require political and strategic cooperation between the actors involved at multiple governance levels. A holistic design approach is needed to guide the inherent decision-making processes. In this article, we developed a normative decision-making framework based on System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) and demonstrated how it can help to foster the cross-sectoral design of solutions to these interlinked water, energy, and food issues. The actors involved in our case study demonstrated a strong interest in collaborating across sectors and participating in the transition to cross-sectoral and sustainable resource management practices. However, experts from science and practice face a high degree of uncertainty when they design solutions to cope with the existing regional problems. As almost all regions of the world are highly integrated in national and global markets, future research might consider conducting larger research projects that also link the design approaches to inter-regional, national, and international levels. Our methodological approach illustrates how such a project could be structured on a regional level and identifies the processes that are important to consider.

scholarly journals Virtual bargaining: a theory of social decision-making

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1655) ◽  
pp. 20130487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Misyak ◽  
Nick Chater
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Social Decision Making ◽  
Vast Range

An essential element of goal-directed decision-making in social contexts is that agents' actions may be mutually interdependent. However, the most well-developed approaches to such strategic interactions, based on the Nash equilibrium concept in game theory, are sometimes too broad and at other times ‘overlook’ good solutions to fundamental social dilemmas and coordination problems. The authors propose a new theory of social decision-making—virtual bargaining—in which individuals decide among a set of moves on the basis of what they would agree to do if they could openly bargain. The core principles of a formal account are outlined (vis-à-vis the notions of ‘feasible agreement’ and explicit negotiation) and further illustrated with the introduction of a new game, dubbed the ‘Boobytrap game’ (a modification on the canonical Prisoner's Dilemma paradigm). In the first empirical data of how individuals play the Boobytrap game, participants' experimental choices accord well with a virtual bargaining perspective, but do not match predictions from a standard Nash account. Alternative frameworks are discussed, with specific empirical tests between these and virtual bargaining identified as future research directions. Lastly, it is proposed that virtual bargaining underpins a vast range of human activities, from social decision-making to joint action and communication.

Auditing Fair Value Measurements: A Synthesis of Relevant Research

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger D. Martin ◽  
Jay S. Rich ◽  
T. Jeffrey Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Judgment And Decision Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Fair Value Measurements

To contribute to the PCAOB project on auditing fair value measurements (FVMs), we synthesize relevant academic literature to offer insights, conclusions, and future research directions for auditors, standard-setters, and academics focusing on auditing FVMs. We structure our synthesis along two dimensions: (1) an emphasis on the auditor's need to understand how FVMs are prepared, and (2) the audit steps and procedures necessary to verify and attest to FVMs, including an awareness of the potential biases inherent in auditing FVMs. Drawing primarily from the judgment and decision-making literature, we highlight a number of potential biases and limitations in the preparation and audit of FVMs. Additionally, we note that the specialized valuation knowledge necessary to effectively audit FVMs will be difficult for auditors to gain and maintain.

scholarly journals Crisis Management Practices in Tourism SMEs During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Organizacija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-361
Author(s):  
Marko Kukanja ◽  
Tanja Planinc ◽  
Marijana Sikošek
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractBackground and purpose: This study examines crisis management practices (CMPs) for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the field of tourism during the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourism SMEs reacted to the crisis caused by the pandemic. The present research aims to determine which operational CMPs were deployed by tourism SMEs to minimize the impact of the crisis.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study focuses on the following types of tourism SMEs – lodging facilities, food and beverage (F&B) facilities, and tourist agencies (TA). A total of 574 valid online questionnaires were obtained from SME managers. The structured questionnaire included 27 CMPs belonging to the four dimensions of crisis management – workforce, cost control, organizational support and marketing CMPs. Exploratory factor analysis and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to investigate SMEs response to the crisis.Results: Results indicate that SMEs primarily focus on the following CMP dimensions (respectively): workforce, cost control, organizational support, and promotional and customer-related marketing practices. Results show that there are statistically significant differences in the usage of different CMPs among the different types of SMEs.Conclusion: The use of selected variables enables an internationally comparable benchmarking process and facilitates the improvement of tourism SMEs crisis management. The conclusion provides suggestions for future research and useful information for scholars, policy makers, and tourism managers.

scholarly journals Oil terrorism-militancy link: Mediating role of moral disengagement in emergency and crisis management

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwasoye Patrick Mafimisebi, PhD Student ◽  
Sara Thorne, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Research Findings

The controversial issues of terrorism and militancy have generated contemporary interests and different interpretations have emerged on how to combat and manage these dangerous events. This study widens understanding of moral disengagement mechanism application in the perpetuation of inhumanities within the context of oil terrorist and militant behaviors. The research findings and model are explicit on how people form moral evaluations of agents who are forced to make morally relevant decisions over times in context of crisis situations. Quite crucially, understanding the context of terrorism and militancy provides policymakers, emergency and crisis managers better analysis and response to such events. The research fundamental purpose was to investigate the mediating role of moral disengagement on delinquency of oil terrorism and militancy; and considered implications for emergency and crisis management practices. The study found that situational-induced crises such as oil terrorism and militancy were sufficient to account for an individual's misdeeds and unethical or inhumane decisions made under frustration and agitation may be perceived as less indicative of one's fundamental character. Findings suggest that more repugnant delinquencies could have been committed in the name of justice than in the name of injustice, avenues for future research. In context, the result of the moral disengagement scale shows that morality of delinquency (oil terrorism and militancy) is accomplished by cognitively redefining the morality of such acts. The main finding is that people in resistance movements are rational actors making rational choices. The authors argue that theorists, policymakers, and practitioners must give meaningful attention to understanding the multidimensional nature of emergency, crisis and disaster management for better strength of synthesis between theory and practice. The research is concluded by thorough examination of the implication and limitations for future research and practice.

How Internet of Things Is Transforming Project Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-102
Author(s):  
Marisa Analía Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Mobile Big Data ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Standard Practices ◽  
The Impact

Organizations are experiencing a transformation as a consequence of digital technologies such as social, mobile, big data, cloud computing, and internet of things. The transformation presents challenges at several levels, and project management is not an exception. There are changes in the project environment, the power structures, capabilities, skills, and standard practices, just to name a few. Considering the eventual obsolescence of many project portfolio management practices, the aim of this chapter is to discuss the influence of internet of things in this discipline. The analysis departs from rethinking project management insights and describes the impact of smart and connected products considering many dimensions. Recommendations for each PPM stage are developed, followed by a brief discussion of future research directions.

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