Building Bridges for a Sweet Reward

“The sweet reward of all our toil”

Tracing Women's Romanticism ◽

10.4324/9780203449325-3 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 57-83

Author(s):

Kari E. Lokke

Keyword(s):

Sweet Reward

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Endocannabinoid Hedonic Hotspot for Sensory Pleasure: Anandamide in Nucleus Accumbens Shell Enhances ‘Liking’ of a Sweet Reward

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/sj.npp.1301376 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (11) ◽

pp. 2267-2278 ◽

Cited By ~ 218

Author(s):

Stephen V Mahler ◽

Kyle S Smith ◽

Kent C Berridge

Keyword(s):

Nucleus Accumbens ◽

Nucleus Accumbens Shell ◽

Sensory Pleasure ◽

Sweet Reward

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The dopaminergic mediation of a sweet reward in normal and VMH hyperphagic rats

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior ◽

10.1016/0091-3057(82)90163-0 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 293-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Steven Xenakis ◽

Anthony Sclafani

Keyword(s):

Sweet Reward

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Alcohol and sweet reward are encoded by distinct meta-ensembles

Neuropharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108496 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108496

Author(s):

Miriam Wandres ◽

Simone Pfarr ◽

Botond Molnár ◽

Ursula Schöllkopf ◽

Maria Ercsey-Ravasz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Reward

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Individual differences in rat sensitivity to CO2

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245347

Author(s):

Lucía Améndola ◽

Anna Ratuski ◽

Daniel M. Weary

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Prevention Focus ◽

Promotion Focus ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Approach Avoidance ◽

The Stability ◽

Reward Motivation ◽

Sweet Reward

Feelings of fear, anxiety, dyspnea and panic when inhaling carbon dioxide (CO2) are variable among humans, in part due to differences in CO2 sensitivity. Rat aversion to CO2 consistently varies between individuals; this variation in aversion may reflect CO2 sensitivity, but other personality traits could also account for individual differences in aversion. The aims of this study were to 1) assess the stability of individual differences in rat aversion to CO2, 2) determine if individual differences in sweet reward motivation are associated with variation in aversion to CO2, and 3) assess whether variation in aversion to CO2 is related to individual differences in motivation to approach gains (promotion focus) or maintain safety (prevention focus). Twelve female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed multiple times at three different ages (3, 9 and 16 months old) to CO2 in approach-avoidance testing to assess motivation to avoid CO2 against motivation to gain sweet rewards. Rats were also tested for motivation to find hidden sweet rewards, and for their motivation to approach rewards or darkness. Tolerance to CO2 increased with repeated exposures and was higher at older ages. Individual differences in aversion to CO2 were highly repeatable but unrelated to motivation for sweet rewards or the strength of promotion and prevention focus. These results indicate that individual differences in aversion to CO2 reflect variation in CO2 sensitivity.

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Choosing between cocaine and sucrose under the influence: testing the effect of cocaine tolerance

10.1101/2021.04.02.438165 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Y. Vandaele ◽

S.H Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Cocaine Use ◽

Behavioral Suppression ◽

The Moment ◽

Drug Influence ◽

Direct Suppression ◽

Sweet Reward

AbstractCocaine use not only depends on the reinforcing properties of the drug, but also on its intoxicating effects on alternative nondrug activities. In animal models investigating choice between cocaine and alternative sweet rewards, the latter influence can have a dramatic impact on choice outcomes. When cocaine intoxication at the moment of choice is prevented by imposing sufficiently long intervals between choice trials, animals typically prefer the sweet reward. However, when choosing under the drug influence is permitted, animals shift their preference in favor of cocaine. We previously hypothesized that this preference shift is mainly due to a direct suppression of responding for sweet reward by cocaine intoxication. Here we tested this hypothesis by making rats tolerant to this drug-induced behavioral suppression. Contrary to our expectation, tolerance did not prevent rats from shifting their preference to cocaine when choosing under the influence. Thus, other mechanisms must be invoked to explain the influence of cocaine intoxication on choice outcomes.

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