scholarly journals Analysis of indoxyl sulfate and hippuric acid as represertative proteinbound uremic toxins in patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Sanaka ◽  
Yhoichirou Kawashima ◽  
Yoshiko Tanaka ◽  
Nobuhiro Sugino
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Indoxyl Sulfate ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis

The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate reflects cardio-renal risk and intestinal-renal relationship

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (43) ◽  
pp. 1724-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Indoxyl Sulfate ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Uremic Toxin ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Endogenous Protein ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Uremic syndrome and condition is primarily a result of kidney failure in which uremic toxins are accumulated. More and more attention is paid to possibilities for removal of uremic toxins, which not only means dialysis, but also takes into account special dietary considerations and treatments, which aim to absorb the toxins or reduce their production. These uremic toxins, which also increase the cardiovascular risks, play a major part in morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from chronic renal failure and those receiving renal replacement therapy. One of them is a member of the indol group, the indoxyl sulfate. This toxin is difficult to remove with dialysis and is an endogenous protein-bound uremic toxin. Today we know that indoxyl sulfate is a vascular-nephrotoxic agent, which is able to enhance progression of cardiovascular and renal diseases. It is of particular importance that because of its redox potency, this toxin causes oxidative stress and antioxidant effects at the same time and, on top of that, it is formed in the intestinal system. Its serum concentration depends on the nutrition and the tubular function and, therefore, it can also signal the progression of chronic renal failure independently of glomerular filtration rate. Successful removal of indoxyl sulfate reduces the morbidity and mortality and improves survival. Therefore, it could be a possible target or area to facilitate the reduction of uremia in chronic renal failure. The use of probiotics and prebiotics with oral adsorbents may prove to be a promising opportunity to reduce indoxyl sulfate accumulation. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1724–1730.

Summer Camp Hemodialysis for Children With Chronic Renal Failure

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
William A. Primack ◽  
Ira Greifer
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Summer Camp ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Hemodialysis Unit ◽  
Pediatric Hemodialysis ◽  
Satellite Unit

A hemodialysis unit was established at a rural summer camp for children. Required medical treatment was planned so as to interfere as little as possible with normal camp programs. Campers who require dialysis were mixed fully into the population of normal campers. Twenty-two children participated during the first summer of operation. Our experience indicates that children on maintenance hemodialysis can be integrated with normal peers in a recreational program and can improve their self-image and self-confidence. The program also demonstrates that chronic pediatric hemodialysis can be safely performed in a rural satellite unit.

Conjunctival and Corneal Changes in Chronic Renal Failure Patients Treated with Maintenance Hemodialysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušica Pahor ◽  
Radovan Hojs ◽  
Bojan Gračner
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis

The influences of maintenance hemodialysis on sleep architecture and sleep apnea in the patients with chronic renal failure

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Yong Geun Park ◽  
Sang Haak Lee ◽  
Young Mee Choi ◽  
Seok Joo Ahn ◽  
Soon Seog Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Architecture ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis

Contribution of dialysis to endogenous oxalate production in patients with chronic renal failure

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1544-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
N C France ◽  
P T Holland ◽  
M R Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Product Inhibition ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buffering Agent

Abstract We tested the possibility that the buffering agents in dialysis bath fluid might contribute to increased endogenous oxalate production in dialyzed patients. Using stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry, we obtained oxalate production rates and pool sizes directly for 10 patients in chronic renal failure, 5 of whom were undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (lactate-buffered fluid). All peritoneal dialysis patients had either increased oxalate production rates or expanded oxalate pools when compared with undialyzed patients in renal failure. From a further four patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis we took blood samples immediately before and after three consecutive dialysis sessions in which the bath-fluid buffering agent (bicarbonate or acetate) was alternated; we analyzed these samples for oxalate and key precursors by capillary gas chromatography. Plasma glycine and serine concentrations remained within the physiological range. Glycolate and oxalate concentrations decreased, but the oxalate remained above normal after dialysis. All changes were independent of the bath-fluid buffering agent. We suggest that dialysis might stimulate the formation of oxalate by removing product inhibition of a late catabolic step.

Specific lymphocyte phospholipid changes in chronic renal failure.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kalofoutis
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Membrane

Abstract I describe phospholipid fluctuations in lymphocytes of peripheral blood of patients with chronic renal failure who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The findings of decreased concentration of total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine, and increased concentrations of phosphatidylinositol and diphosphatidylglycerol are discussed, in relation to the lymphocyte membrane enzymic systems, and immune response.

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