scholarly journals Challenging the “Neutrality” of Public Service in the 1960s: The Wednesday Plays of Tony Garnett and Ken Loach

Author(s):  
Susannah O’Carroll
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-302
Author(s):  
Neil Archer

This article explores a gap in the scholarship on Ken Loach's film-making, focusing on his casting of comedians in central roles and the specific impacts of such casting strategies across Loach's work. While the relevance of such casting to Loach's project has been anecdotally acknowledged in criticism, this article recommends a more systematic historical and aesthetic approach. After summarising the theoretical considerations around acting as a practice and its ‘problem’ within Loach's terms, I consequently look at the broader institutional and political contexts of actor preparation training and casting in British television and film since Loach's emergence as a director in the 1960s, and the relevance of comedian casting within these. Drawing on a sample of Loach's films, I then offer a more systematic analysis of how the comedian's body, voice and action signify, examining how such ‘realist’ performances respond to the cultural conventions of ‘trained’ actor practice, as well as the narrative and broader institutional conventions of comedy performance in mainstream film.


Artifex Novus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Anna Kostrzyńska-Miłosz

Abstrakt: Twórczość Józefa Kulona obejmuje szereg dziedzin związanych ze sztuką użytkową. Najbardziej znanymi jego projektami są meble regionalne, zwane także wiejskimi, inspirowane formami mebli ludowych. Były one wykonywane w spółdzielniach należących do Cepelii. Najliczniejsze tego typu projekty Kulona powstały dla Zakopiańskich Warsztatów Wzorcowych. Analizując ich formy, można wydzielić dwa typy. Pierwszy – najliczniejszy, charakteryzuje się użyciem wyraźnie zaznaczonych elementów konstrukcyjnych z płycinami wypełnionymi deseczkami lub ażurem o pofalowanych krawędziach, naśladujących ornamenty ludowe, do niego możemy zaliczyć takie zestawy jak Janosik, Kierdel, Redyk czy Kacwin; i drugi – różniący się nie konstrukcją, a jedynie ornamentyką, to meble o miękkich liniach zdobionych stylizowanym, wyciętym konturowo dłutem ornamentem animalistycznym. Ich powierzchnia była często opalana i szczotkowana, tak by uzyskać wyraźny, jaśniejszy rysunek słojów. Przykładem mogą być komplet Miś czy nieznane mi z nazwy meble, które można artyście przypisać. Od lat 60. artysta tworzył wystrój licznych wnętrz użyteczności publicznej, by wymienić tylko kilka: świetlicę Spółdzielni Pracy „Pieniny” w Krościenku (1968), świetlicę Spółdzielni Pracy AW, Koniaków (1968), część wyposażenia schroniska Ślęża (1966). Józef Kulon projektował również pojedyncze sprzęty dla osób znanych, na indywidualne zamówienia, m.in. w 1966 r. ławy dla wiceprezydenta USA H. Humphreya, w 1967 r. łóżko dla gen. Charlesa de Gaulle’a oraz łóżko dla Jana Pawła II w ośrodku wypoczynkowym biskupów polskich w Zakopanem. Summary: Józef Kulon’s oeuvre includes a number of branches related to applied art. His best known designs encompass regional furniture, also called cottage furniture, inspired by forms from folk furniture pieces. Kulon’s furniture was manufactured in Cepelia-run Cooperatives. The biggest number of his designs were created for the Zakopane Model Workshops. When analysing their forms, two types can be distinguished. The first, and the most numerous, is characterized by the use of clearly pronounced structural elements with panels filled with slats or openwork of wavy edges imitating folk ornaments, which include such sets as Janosik, Kierdel, Redyk, or Kacwin; the second type does not feature a different structure, but differs in ornamentation, with its pieces boasting soft lines decorated with a stylized contour chisel-cut-out animalistic ornament. The pieces’ surface was often scorched and brushed in order to obtain a clear lighter outline of rings. The latter type is exemplified by the set Miś [Bear] or other furniture pieces, unknown to me by their name, and which can be attributed to Kulon. Beginning with the 1960s, the artist created the décor of numerous interiors of public service, such as, to name a few: the common room of the ‘Pieniny’ Workers’ Cooperative, Krościenko (1968); the common room of the AW Workers’ Cooperative, Koniaków (1968); and a part of the furnishing of the Ślęża mountain hostel (1966). Furthermore, Józef Kulon designed customized furniture pieces for celebrities, e.g. in 1966, benches for US Vice President Humphrey; in 1967, a bed for General Charles de Gaulle; and a bed for John Paul II in the Zakopane Holiday Resort of the Polish Bishops.


Author(s):  
Carl Müller-Crepon

Abstract Prominent arguments hold that African states’ geography limits state capacity, impedes public service provision, and slows economic development. To test this argument, I collect comprehensive panel data on a proxy of local state capacity, travel times to national and regional capitals. These are computed on a yearly 5 × 5 km grid using time-varying data on roads and administrative units (1966–2016). I use these data to estimate the effect of changes in travel times to capitals on local education provision, infant mortality rates, and nightlight emissions. Within the same location, decreases in travel times to its capitals are robustly associated with improved development outcomes. The article advances the measurement of state capacity and contributes to understanding its effects on human welfare.


Author(s):  
Daniel Amsterdam

Rather than a sharp break from the liberal policies of the 1960s, the 1970s constituted a period of gradual transition to the following conservative decades. Under President Jimmy Carter, the federal government continued to actively engage with the problem of poverty. Carter embraced the new Public Service Employment program, which provided 750,000 jobs for the poor. This chapter suggests an alternative view of the War on Poverty’s end.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Smart

Bertolt Brecht's dramaturgy was as influential upon the development of British drama on television between the 1950s and the 1970s as it was in the theatre. His influence was made manifest through the work of writers, directors and producers such as Tony Garnett, Ken Loach, John McGrath and Dennis Potter, whose attempts to create original Brechtian forms of television drama were reflected in the frequent reference to Brecht in contemporary debate concerning the political and aesthetic direction and value of television drama. While this discussion has been framed thus far around how Brechtian techniques and theory were applied to the newer media of television, this article examines these arguments from another perspective. Through detailed analysis of a 1964 BBC production of The Life of Galileo, I assess how the primary, canonical sources of Brecht's stage plays were realised on television during this period, locating Brecht's drama in the wider context of British television drama in general during the 1960s and 1970s. I pay particular attention to the use of the television studio as a site that could replicate or reinvent the theatrical space of the stage, and the responsiveness of the television audience towards Brechtian dramaturgy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Muiris MacCarthaigh

AbstractAmongst his many interests in public administration, the practical and challenging task of implementing and evaluating public service reform has been a consistent feature of the oeuvre of research over Richard Boyle’s career (cf. Boyle, 2004, 2016; Boyle & Joyce, 1988; Boyle & Lemaire, 1999; Boyle & MacCarthaigh, 2011). In this article, the focus is on the role played by the ‘centre’ in public service reform both conceptually and in practice. The article first considers what is meant by the centre in Irish political– administrative life, before reflecting on how we might understand different forms of public sector reform governance and then applying them to the Irish case. The centre-led reforms that occurred between the 1960s up to the late 2000s are reviewed, before more recent efforts from 2011 up to the present are presented. A final section summarises the contribution.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Mark Cresswell ◽  
Zulfia Karimova

This article considers certain historical and theoretical aspects of Ken Loach's 1971 film about mental illness, Family Life. Historically, it explores the film's influences, particularly that of the 1960s ‘anti-psychiatry’ and counter-cultural figure, R. D. Laing. To this end, the article examines in detail a contemporaneous critique of Family Life, namely Peter Sedgwick's hostile review for Socialist Worker in 1972. In the light of this critique, the article then reconsiders, theoretically, Loach's strategies of socialist-realist representation in Family Life, particularly as they relate to, firstly, mental illness and institutional psychiatry; and secondly, the distinction drawn by Raymond Williams between artistic and political forms of representation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Patricia Clarke

This article discusses the impact of The Australian on Canberra from its first issue on 15 July 1964 to the move to Sydney on 18 March 1967. It covers the acquisition of the Territorial; the change of ownership of Federal Capital Press to the Fairfax organisation; the battle with the Canberra Times for dominance in the local market; the impact of the influx of journalists on a previously static news scene; their impact on Press Gallery reporting; and the impact of more penetrating reporting on the public service. These themes are developed against the background of a city enjoying a burst of development. The article draws on the author's experience as a journalist with the ABC in the Press Gallery in Canberra in the 1960s, as a contributor to The Australian as a writer/editor for Maxwell Newton, as a citizen and as honorary secretary for the Canberra Day Celebrations 1964.


English Today ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Mingwu Xu ◽  
Chuanmao Tian

The rupture between China and the former Soviet Union in the 1960s saw English replace Russian to become the most important foreign language in mainland China, and with the implementation of opening-up in the late 1970s, English was used more and more widely, especially in foreign-related public service areas. The use of English in China was accelerated by the 2008 Beijing Olympics and 2010 Shanghai Expo. However, there were various problems with the use of English, notably in bilingual public signs (BISU-CSRC, 2007; Wang & Zhang, 2016) (see Figure 1). As a result, the derogatory word ‘Chinglish’ was invented by Pinkham (2000) as an umbrella term for all kinds of problematic English used by Chinese people. Since 2006, in response to this situation, the provincial and central governments in the country have made great efforts to offer guidelines for the use of English in public signs. For example, on June 20, 2017, the Ministry of Education (MOE), the State Language Commission (SLC) and the Standardization Administration of China (SAC) jointly issued the Guidelines for the Use of English in Public Service Areas (GUEPSA) which came into effect on December 1, 2017.


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