scholarly journals Reflections on the Interplay between Race, Ethnicity, and Migration

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Marie L. Mallet-Garcia ◽  
Bani Gill
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Perla M. Guerrero

Latinas/os were present in the American South long before the founding of the United States of America, yet knowledge about their southern communities in different places and time periods is deeply uneven. In fact, regional themes important throughout the South clarify the dynamics that shaped Latinas/os’ lives, especially race, ethnicity, and the colorline; work and labor; and migration and immigration. Ideas about racial difference, in particular, reflected specifics of place, and intersections of local, regional, and international endeavors and movements of people and resources. Accordingly, Latinas/os’ position and treatment varied across the South. They first worked in agricultural fields picking cotton, oranges, and harvesting tobacco, then in a variety of industries, especially poultry and swine processing and packing. The late 20th century saw the rapid growth of Latinas/os in southern states due to changing migration and immigration patterns that moved from traditional states of reception to new destinations in rural, suburban, and urban locales with limited histories with Latinas/os or with substantial numbers of immigrants in general.


Author(s):  
Michael Haines

This chapter deals with the population of the United States from its beginnings in colonial times since the first census in 1790 to the present. It deals with the processes of population growth and change: fertility, mortality, urbanization, and migration, both external and internal. In the 220 years since 1790, the population of the United States increased from about 4 million to almost 309 million persons in 2010. Relatively high fertility in earlier times combined with moderate mortality and significant net immigration combined to create this growth. The chapter also deals with changes in population by race, ethnicity, and location.


Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.


Author(s):  
H. Hashimoto ◽  
Y. Sugimoto ◽  
Y. Takai ◽  
H. Endoh

As was demonstrated by the present authors that atomic structure of simple crystal can be photographed by the conventional 100 kV electron microscope adjusted at “aberration free focus (AFF)” condition. In order to operate the microscope at AFF condition effectively, highly stabilized electron beams with small energy spread and small beam divergence are necessary. In the present observation, a 120 kV electron microscope with LaB6 electron gun was used. The most of the images were taken with the direct electron optical magnification of 1.3 million times and then magnified photographically.1. Twist boundary of ZnSFig. 1 is the image of wurtzite single crystal with twist boundary grown on the surface of zinc crystal by the reaction of sulphur vapour of 1540 Torr at 500°C. Crystal surface is parallel to (00.1) plane and electron beam is incident along the axis normal to the crystal surface. In the twist boundary there is a dislocation net work between two perfect crystals with a certain rotation angle.


Author(s):  
Luis F. Riquelme

Abstract Passing the Praxis Examination in speech-language pathology or audiology can be a difficult task. A passing score is the entry to a list of requirements for national certification (CCC-SLP, CCC-A) and for state licensure in the United States. This article will provide current information on the examination and address barriers to success that have been identified over the years. A call to action may serve to refocus efforts on improving access to success for all test-takers regardless of race/ethnicity, ability, or geographic location.


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