scholarly journals Writing the history of North America from Indian country: the view from the north-central Plains, 1800-1870

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (105-1) ◽  
pp. 13-40
Author(s):  
Raymond J. DeMallie ◽  
Gilles Havard
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian Country ◽  
History Of

Within-field Pathogenic Diversity of Phytophthora sojae in Commercial Soybean Fields in Iowa

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Robertson ◽  
Silvia R. Cianzio ◽  
Sarah M. Cerra ◽  
Richard O. Pope
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
North Central Region ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Pathogenic Diversity

Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, is an economically important soybean disease in the north central region of the United States, including Iowa. Previous surveys of the pathogenic diversity of P. sojae in Iowa did not investigate whether multiple pathotypes of the pathogen existed in individual fields. Considering the many pathotypes of P. sojae that have been reported in Iowa, we hypothesized multiple pathotypes could exist within single fields. In the research reported herein, several soil samples were collected systematically from each of two commercial fields with a history of PRR in Iowa, and each soil sample was baited separately for isolates of P. sojae. Numerous pathotypes of P. sojae were detected from both fields. As many as four pathotypes were detected in some soil samples (each consisting of six to eight soil cores), which suggests that a single soybean plant could be subjected to infection by more than one pathotype. This possibility presents important implications in breeding resistant cultivars and in the management of PRR. Accepted for publication 14 July 2009. Published 8 September 2009.

Religion

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Gardina Pestana
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
South Portugal

Religion shaped the early modern Atlantic world in many ways. Although Iberian expansion began before the Protestant Reformation, Europe soon divided between Protestant and Catholic, and this division created a context for European understandings of the purpose of expansion. With permission from the pope to evangelize outside the Old World, the Spanish and the Portuguese split the extra-European world between them; Spain was responsible for most of the Americas (excluding only the area that would become Brazil), while Portugal took Brazil and Africa (as well as Asia). Soon representatives of each kingdom were at work, conquering, colonizing, and evangelizing. Protestantism, although it arrived late in the contest for colonies and trade in this New World, was central to Spanish understanding of its work; evangelizing the native peoples of the Americas would add additional souls to the church, making up for those who had been lost to the Protestant Reformation. When Protestants finally became involved in colonizing the Americas and trading with Africa, they similarly understood their role as combating the reach and influence of their Catholic rivals. If in 1600 the European presence outside of Europe was overwhelmingly Catholic, by 1700 a map of the spread of Christianity showed varied results. Spain controlled the central area of the Americas, including much of South America and the Caribbean, all of Central America, and all the southern area of North America (from Florida and New Mexico south). Portugal had Brazil, while Catholic France held Quebec to the north and selected islands in the Caribbean. The Protestant presence was predominantly British, and included eastern North America between Quebec and Florida as well as some islands in the Caribbean. The Protestant Dutch also held island colonies and a South American outpost. West Africa and West Central Africa hosted trading forts controlled by most of these European powers, from which were shipped slaves as well as trade goods. The religious rivalries of early modern Europe had been effectively exported. Every faith represented along the shores of the Atlantic prior to contact would participate in the intermixing that occurred afterward. The history of religion in the Atlantic world therefore explores the variety of traditions within that world and the effects of the circulation, transplantation, and encounter of these various faiths.

Exhumational history of the north central Pamir

Tectonics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Amidon ◽  
Scott A. Hynek
Keyword(s):  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Cenozoic tectonic history of the North America-Caribbean plate boundary zone in western Cuba

1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (B5) ◽  
pp. 10055-10082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark B. Gordon ◽  
Paul Mann ◽  
Dámaso Cáceres ◽  
Raúl Flores
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Boundary Zone ◽  
Caribbean Plate ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plate Boundary Zone

New occurrences of the Pennsylvanian index ammonoidDunbaritesfrom the North American midcontinent

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Work ◽  
Royal H. Mapes
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Kasimovian Stage ◽  
New Occurrences ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

Ten newly recoveredDunbaritesspecimens significantly extend the known stratigraphic range ofDunbarites.These include the first documented Midcontinent Basin records of the Missourian type speciesDunbarites rectilateralis(Miller, 1930) from north-central Oklahoma. Additional species ofDunbaritesfrom south-central Oklahoma and north-central and West Texas are described asDunbarites wewokensisn. sp. andDunbarites boardmanin. sp. AlthoughDunbaritesis an extremely rare component (~0.025 percent) of Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian ammonoid assemblages, Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya (1971, 1978) suggested thatDunbaritesandParashumarditesRuzhencev, 1939 be used as genozone markers for the Kasimovian [Zhigulevian] Stage (Missourian in North America). As demonstrated by this report, the range ofDunbaritesis not confined to the Kasimovian, thereby precluding its use as a Kasimovian Stage indicator.

Crustal electrical conductivity in north-central Saskatchewan: the North American Central Plains anomaly and its relation to a Proterozoic plate margin

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Handa ◽  
P. A. Camfield
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
North American ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Period Range ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Plate Margin ◽  
Lake Zone

Seven recording magnetometers monitored time-varying fields at points on a northwest–southeast line 280 km long in north-central Saskatchewan during July 1981. The experiment was designed to test the hypothesis advanced in 1975 by Alabi, Camfield, and Gough that the electrical conductivity anomaly in the North American Central Plains links with the Wollaston Domain in the exposed Precambrian Shield of Saskatchewan. From clear reversals in the phase of vertical variations, it is evident that the conductor passes between two stations straddling the Rottenstone–La Ronge Magmatic Belt, to the immediate east of the Wollaston Domain. Enhanced horizontal variations transverse to the belt at a third, intermediate, station reinforce this interpretation. Vertical-field response arrows obtained from daytime events in the period range 1–40 min clearly indicate the existence of a major conductor that extends to lower crustal depths beneath the belt. To the northwest across the Cree Lake Zone, reversals in the direction of response arrows at short periods (up to 4 min) imply complex electrical structures in the shallow part of the crust.Lewry termed the Rottenstone–La Ronge Belt a Hudsonian "Cordillera-type" arc massif, and described strong geological evidence for collisional suturing and microplate interaction in this part of the Churchill Province. A similar scenario seems to apply in Wyoming, from the work of Hills and Houston. Thus the conductor appears to trace a Proterozoic plate margin 1500 km from a subduction zone in Wyoming along a transform fault to a subduction zone in northern Saskatchewan.

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