scholarly journals Spatialized Communication: Future Research Perspectives on Urban Youth Violence and on Terrorism

2017 ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
Klaus Weinhauer
Keyword(s):  
Urban Youth ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Perspectives

Decision support tools for oil spill response (OSR-DSTs): Approaches, challenges, and future research perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 112313
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Yang ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Edward Owens ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Oil Spill Response

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Nanotechnology with Nano-Phytochemicals: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications in Cancer Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Bonglee Kim ◽  
Ji-Eon Park ◽  
Eunji Im ◽  
Yongmin Cho ◽  
Jinjoo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Significant Efficacy ◽  
Rapid Clearance

Biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) containing polymers, lipids (liposomes and micelles), dendrimers, ferritin, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, ceramic, magnetic materials, and gold/silver have contributed to imaging diagnosis and targeted cancer therapy. However, only some NP drugs, including Doxil® (liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin), Abraxane® (albumin-bound paclitaxel), and Oncaspar® (PEG-Asparaginase), have emerged on the pharmaceutical market to date. By contrast, several phytochemicals that were found to be effective in cultured cancer cells and animal studies have not shown significant efficacy in humans due to poor bioavailability and absorption, rapid clearance, resistance, and toxicity. Research to overcome these drawbacks by using phytochemical NPs remains in the early stages of clinical translation. Thus, in the current review, we discuss the progress in nanotechnology, research milestones, the molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals encapsulated in NPs, and clinical implications. Several challenges that must be overcome and future research perspectives are also described.

scholarly journals Update on Giardia: Highlights from the seventh International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
André G. Buret ◽  
Simone M. Cacciò ◽  
Loïc Favennec ◽  
Staffan Svärd
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
New Findings

Although Giardia duodenalis is recognized as one of the leading causes of parasitic human diarrhea in the world, knowledge of the mechanisms of infection is limited, as the pathophysiological consequences of infection remain incompletely elucidated. Similarly, the reason for and consequences of the very specific genome-organization in this parasite with 2 active nuclei is only partially known. Consistent with its tradition, the 7th International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference (IGCC 2019) was held from June 23 to 26, 2019, at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the University of Rouen-Normandie, France, to discuss current research perspectives in the field. This renowned event brought together an international delegation of researchers to present and debate recent advances and identify the main research themes and knowledge gaps. The program for this interdisciplinary conference included all aspects of host-parasite relationships, from basic research to applications in human and veterinary medicine, as well as the environmental issues raised by water-borne parasites and their epidemiological consequences. With regard to Giardia and giardiasis, the main areas of research for which new findings and the most impressive communications were presented and discussed included: parasite ecology and epidemiology of giardiasis, Giardia-host interactions, and cell biology of Giardia, genomes and genomic evolution. The high-quality presentations discussed at the Conference noted breakthroughs and identified new opportunities that will inspire researchers and funding agencies to stimulate future research in a “one health” approach to improve basic knowledge and clinical and public health management of zoonotic giardiasis.

The approach to patients with cognitive impairment and hip fracture: the role of orthogeriatric care

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Tarazona-Santabalbina ◽  
Juan R Doménech-Pascual ◽  
Ángel Belenguer-Varea A ◽  
Eduardo Rovira Daudi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls

SummaryHip fracture is very common among older patients, who are characterized by increased co-morbidities, including cognitive impairment. These patients have an increased risk of falls and fractures, poorer functional recovery and lower survival both in hospital and 12 months after discharge. We review the survival and functional outcomes of older patients with cognitive impairment and hip fracture managed in orthogeriatric units, and highlight the gaps in our knowledge of the efficacy and efficiency of specific orthogeriatric programmes for such patients and the future research perspectives in this field.

scholarly journals Archaeological Site Conservation and Enhancement: An Economic Evaluation Model for the Selection of Investment Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Di Ruocco ◽  
Antonio Nesticò
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Economic Evaluation Model ◽  
Social Environmental

For sustainable development of the territory, public administrations must guarantee the efficient allocation of available resources. This is also important for the conservation and enhancement of archaeological sites, able to generate multiple effects—not only strictly cultural, but also social, environmental, and financial—in their reference area. Although today, decisions on investments to be implemented are seldom supported by logical and operational methodologies able to rationalize the selection processes. Thus, proposing and implementing survey instruments to optimize the use of funds, in the light of a technical-economic process that is valid on a methodological level—that is repeatable and not complex to use—is likely necessary. This paper proposes a multicriteria evaluation model for the choice among projects concerning archaeological sites. According to pre-established criteria, the analysis protocol is defined using the algorithms of discrete linear programming, already successfully used in urban and territorial planning. These algorithms are written in A Mathematical Programming Language (AMPL); software which allows the consideration of several—both technical and economic—constraints that the system imposes. The model is verified by a case study, highlighting its potential and limits, as well as outlining future research perspectives.

scholarly journals Wild African great apes as natural hosts of malaria parasites: current knowledge and research perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Marie De Nys ◽  
Therese Löhrich ◽  
Doris Wu ◽  
Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer ◽  
Fabian Hubertus Leendertz
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Great Ape ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Parasite Ecology ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
African Great Apes

Abstract. Humans and African great apes (AGAs) are naturally infected with several species of closely related malaria parasites. The need to understand the origins of human malaria as well as the risk of zoonotic transmissions and emergence of new malaria strains in human populations has markedly encouraged research on great ape Plasmodium parasites. Progress in the use of non-invasive methods has rendered investigations into wild ape populations possible. Present knowledge is mainly focused on parasite diversity and phylogeny, with still large gaps to fill on malaria parasite ecology. Understanding what malaria infection means in terms of great ape health is also an important, but challenging avenue of research and has been subject to relatively few research efforts so far. This paper reviews current knowledge on African great ape malaria and identifies gaps and future research perspectives.

Review and Prospect of the Research on Overseas R&D Investment of MNEs and Subsidiary Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
QiQi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Parent Company ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Technology Spillover ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
Study Overseas ◽  
D Investment

In recent years, as globalized R&D activities have been launched on a large scale, more and more scholars have started to study overseas investment activities, but most of the research perspectives only focus on overseas investment entry methods, investment motives, and less on the study of reverse technology spillover of overseas R&D investment and the relationship with parent company innovation performance. Unlike overseas investment, overseas R&D investment is based on the knowledge base view, which considers knowledge as an important resource for enterprises, and tacit knowledge that is not easily understood and difficult to be expressed plays a key role in creating competitive advantage for enterprises. The dissemination of tacit knowledge is based on face-to-face interactions between individuals or organizations, and overseas R&D allows R&D activities to be geographically close to overseas markets and host country environments, thus enabling the transfer of home country knowledge and the acquisition of local knowledge. This study focuses on the motivation of overseas R&D investment, reverse technology spillover and relationship with parent company performance, and discusses future research directions.

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