Late Prehistoric Bison Procurement in Southeastern New Mexico

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Speth ◽  
William J. Parry
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Late Prehistoric

GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF A LATE PREHISTORIC WATER STORAGE FEATURE AT PUEBLO OSO NEGRO, CHUPADERA BASIN, NEW MEXICO

KIVA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA L. MURRELL ◽  
PHILLIP H. SHELLEY
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Late Prehistoric

Measuring Time, Population, and Residential Mobility from the Surface at San Marcos Pueblo, North Central New Mexico

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann F. Ramenofsky ◽  
Fraser D. Neiman ◽  
Christopher D. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population History ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
Demographic Fluctuations

To understand the effects of European contact on the organization, size, and mobility of Pueblo populations in the Southwest requires detailed knowledge of the occupational histories of the aggregated settlements that typify the late prehistoric and early historic record. Unfortunately, such understanding is generally lacking because the methods used to document occupational histories of settlements tend to either obscure fine-grained temporal distinctions or necessitate costly, and politically objectionable, large-scale excavations. To overcome these difficulties, we use surface expressions to analyze the occupational and population history of San Marcos Pueblo (LA98), an aggregated, late prehistoric site in the Galisteo Basin of New Mexico that persisted to the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. Field methods include detailed mapping of the settlement and systematic surface collections of middens. Frequency seriation, correspondence analysis, and mean ceramic dates of decorated ceramic rims comprise our principal analytic methods and demonstrate that the pueblo was abandoned four times before 1680. Causes of abandonment are discussed. Relative scale measures of population show demographic fluctuations with maximum aggregation during the fifteenth century. Despite demographic pulses, the pueblo remained vital until the terminal abandonment.

The use of scanning electron microscopy in interpreting chenopodium remains from three archaeological sites in northwestern Iowa

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1113
Author(s):  
Douglas William Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chenopodium Berlandieri ◽  
Seed Identification ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Within the past 20 years, archaeobotanical research in the Eastern United States has documented an early agricultural complex before the dominance of the Mesoamerican domesticates (corn, beans, and squash) in late prehistoric and historic agricultural systems. This early agricultural complex consisted of domesticated plants such as Iva annua var.macrocarpa (Sumpweed or Marshelder), Hellanthus annuus (Sunflower) and Chenopodium berlandieri, (Goosefoot or Lasbsquarters), and heavily utilized plants such as Polygonum erectum (Erect Knotweed), Phalaris caroliniana (May grass), and Hordeum pusillum (Little Barley).Recent research involving the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) specifically on Chenopodium has established diagnostic traits of wild and domesticated species seeds. This is important because carbonized or uncarbonized seeds are the most commonly recovered Chenopodium material from archaeological sites. The diagnostic seed traits assist archaeobotanists in identification of Chenopodium remains and provide a basis for evaluation of Chenopodium utilization in a culture's subsistence patterns. With the aid of SEM, an analysis of Chenopodium remains from three Late Prehistoric sites in Northwest Iowa (Blood Run [Oneota culture], Brewster [Mill Creek culture], and Chan-Ya-Ta [Mill Creek culture]) has been conducted to: 1) attempt seed identification to a species level, 2) evaluate the traits of the seeds for classification as either wild or domesticated, and 3) evaluate the role of Chenopodium utilization in both the Oneota and Mill Creek cultures.

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