scholarly journals Green Roofing in Indiana: Case Studies and Design Notes

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Altor
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
The State ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Roof Design

Green roof technology and implementation are taking root in North America at an accelerating pace. Growing recognition of the benefits of green roofs and increasing interest in green infrastructure are leading to expansion of green roof technologies that have been in use for decades in Europe and elsewhere. While some regions have adopted the use of green roofs on a large scale, other areas are warming up to the concept more slowly. Large-scale implementation of green roofs has not yet occurred in Indiana, but a number of exemplary projects have been constructed, and there are signs that interest in the technology is increasing in the state. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of green roof technology, analyze selected green roofs in Indiana, explore trends in the state, and address issues for future development of green roof technology in the region. A variety of green roofs were investigated throughout the state. Discussions were held with individuals involved in each project to obtain technical and logistical details of green roof design, installation, and performance.

scholarly journals A review of green roof incentives as motivators for the expansion of green infrastructure in European cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Burszta-Adamiak ◽  
Wiesław Fiałkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
European Cities

Nowadays green roofs play a key role in alleviating the negative effects of urbanization. Despite investors awareness of the advantages of green roofs, there are still some barriers that hinder investments on a large scale. As a result a financial and non-financial incentives are implemented. The review presented in this paper allowed to identify the most popular initiatives and to formulate recommendations for creating incentive supporting implementation of green roofs in urban areas.

scholarly journals A research into the feasibility of green roof design in Russia: a case study of the Ryazan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-54
Author(s):  
Elena V. Sysoeva ◽  
◽  
Ilʼya V. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian State Standard ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
State Of Affairs

Introduction. The era of high technologies and economy disrupts interaction between man and nature, worsening the state of the environment and living conditions on Earth. In Russia, the construction industry follows a classical development model and applies stereotypical patterns of urban design. Finding problem solving methods means identifcation of problem triggers that help to clearly understand and develop rational problem tackling mechanisms. Green roofs suggest an advanced approach to architecture and urbanization whereby green spaces take the place of new buildings. Supplementary dynamic space is not reduced to its decorative and environmental functions. Materials and methods. We applied such research methods as analysis, the system approach, synthesis, deduction, and comparative analysis. The initial review of the state of affairs in the Ryazan region was performed with regard for the theoretical nature of this study; correlation and regression analysis were employed to assess territories and spaces. Results. The history of green roof systems is analyzed in the article. Systematization of the effective regulatory and technical framework enabled the co-authors to assess the widespread applicability of the green roof technology in Russia. Special attention is paid to the issues that are not covered by effective domestic regulations. The research work has shown that the frst edition of GOST (All-Russian State Standard) 58875 is an attempt to consolidate previously issued manuals and recommendations. There is no information available about the seasonal efciency of green roof solutions in different Russian regions. A number of issues remain unresolved. The “green roof” policy has not been developed. Conclusions. Russia is not ready for large-scale construction of green roofs. Further research into green construction should be carried out with regard for unstable climatic conditions in different regions of the country to confrm the feasibility of green roofing at the legislative level.

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration Measurements and Assessment of Driving Factors: A Comparison of Different Green Roof Systems during Summer in Germany

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Dominik Gößner ◽  
Milena Mohri ◽  
Justine Jasmin Krespach
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Roof System

Green roofs have proven to be a space-saving solution to mitigate peak temperatures and control floods in urban areas through evaporative cooling and storm water retention. To encourage a sustainable city design with large-scale green infrastructure networks, a better differentiation between the diverse existing green roof systems is needed. The aim of this study is to demonstrate differences among green roof systems based on comprehensive microclimatic measurements on four small experimental roofs and to assess differences in evapotranspiration with a partial least square regression. The results show that short-wave solar radiation, relative humidity and water availability are the most important drivers of evapotranspiration. The roof system with permanent water storage maintained significantly higher substrate moisture compared to the other roofs and produced peak evapotranspiration rates of 4.88 mm d−1. The highest total evapo-transpiration of 526 mm from April to September was recorded for the roof system with the thickest substrate layer and grass vegetation. In summer, the shallowest roof showed the highest substrate temperature and air temperature at vegetation level. These findings highlight the importance of specifying the characteristics of the various green roofs in order to turn them into useful planning tools for the design of climate-change-resilient cities.

scholarly journals Initial insights on the biodiversity potential of biosolar roofs: a London Olympic Park green roof case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nash ◽  
J. Clough ◽  
D. Gedge ◽  
R. Lindsay ◽  
D. Newport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
The Face ◽  
Roof Design ◽  
Sustainable Futures

Cities dominated by impervious artificial surfaces can experience a multitude of negative environmental impacts. Restoration of green infrastructure has been identified as a mechanism for increasing urban resilience, enabling cities to transition towards sustainable futures in the face of climate-driven change. Building rooftops represent a viable space for integrating new green infrastructure into high-density urban areas. Urban rooftops also provide prime locations for photovoltaic (PV) systems. There is an increasing recognition that these two technologies can be combined to deliver reciprocal benefits in terms of energy efficiency and biodiversity targets. Scarcity of scientific evaluation of the interaction between PVs and green roofs means that the potential benefits are currently poorly understood. This study documents evidence from a biodiversity monitoring study of a substantial biosolar roof installed in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Vegetation and invertebrate communities were sampled and habitat structure measured in relation to habitat niches on the roof, including PV panels. Ninety-two plant species were recorded on the roof and variation in vegetation structure associated with proximity to PV panels was identified. Almost 50% of target invertebrate species collected were designated of conservation importance. Arthropod distribution varied in relation to habitat niches on the roof. The overall aim of the Main Press Centre building green roof design was to create a mosaic of habitats to enhance biodiversity, and the results of the study suggest that PV panels can contribute to niche diversity on a green roof. Further detailed study is required to fully characterise the effects of PV panel density on biodiversity.

scholarly journals Limitations in using runoff coefficients for green and gray roof design

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-350
Author(s):  
Lotte Askeland Schärer ◽  
Jan Ove Busklein ◽  
Edvard Sivertsen ◽  
Tone M. Muthanna
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Roof Design

Abstract Climate change combined with urbanization increases the performance demand on urban drainage systems. Green roofs are one of the most used green infrastructure measures to alleviate the pressure on the urban drainage system through the detention and retention of runoff. The rational method with the runoff coefficient (C) is one of the most commonly used design tools for stormwater design in Norway. This method relies on a runoff coefficient being available for green roofs, which is typically not the case. This paper compares laboratory and experimental field studies to investigate runoff coefficients from different types of detention-based roofs. The methodology described in the German ‘FLL Guideline’, one of the world's most commonly used green roof standards, was used to measure the runoff coefficients for the different components making up a typical green roof. The contribution from each layer is reflected in the runoff coefficients. The runoff coefficients from the field experiments were calculated using observed precipitation and runoff from existing green roofs in Oslo, Trondheim, Sandnes, and Bergen, Norway. Events that had a cumulative precipitation comparable to the laboratory events, but longer durations, were selected. These events gave significantly lower and varying runoff coefficients, clearly demonstrating the limitation of choosing a suitable runoff coefficient for a given roof. However, laboratory experiments are important in understanding the underlying flow processes in the different layers in a detention-based roof.

Study on Landscape Design of Roof Garden

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2993-2996
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Guang Lin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Green Roof ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Garden Design ◽  
Performance Arts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Roof Design ◽  
Roof Garden

The roof garden is a complex form of roofs landscape. Advanced green roof design played a huge ecological and economic benefits gradually being recognized for the significance of green roofs and classification, this paper study the roof garden design principles and key technologies for preliminary summary and discussion, proposed green roof functioning and performance arts beautiful landscape design methods.

scholarly journals Life cycle benefits and challenges of large – scale green roof implementation in a mediterranean compact city: the case of Thessaloniki

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
E Koroxenidis ◽  
T Theodosiou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Waste Production

Abstract Green roof installation is considered to be an effective practice in restoring green spaces to high – density urban areas, in an effort to mitigate environmental problems that arise from their growing expansion. The present study attempts to further investigate this claim by assessing the environmental and economic life cycle benefits and challenges of two extensive green roof large – scale implementation scenarios (on existing or on well – insulated roofs) in the compact mediterranean city of Thessaloniki, Greece. In both scenarios green roofs provided energy savings (13-19%), greenhouse gas emissions (22-29%) and waste production (57-60%) reductions but also led to a significant increase in water consumption (279-291%), with performance being better in the latter case. They also accrued significant public economic benefits in both a low and high discount rate scenario, although they were not an efficient choice for private owners in the second one. These results seem to imply that green roofs could potentially be a viable urban green infrastructure solution, if their water use is minimized in a sustainable way and additional state incentives are considered.

A Survey of Real-Time Industrial Wireless LAN Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 1105-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Qing Qin ◽  
Ying Jie Cheng ◽  
Chun Jie Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
The Real ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fundamental Mechanism

This paper mainly surveys the state-of-the-art on real-time communicaton in industrial wireless local networks(WLANs), and also identifys the suitable approaches to deal with the real-time requirements in future. Firstly, this paper summarizes the features of industrial WLANs and the challenges it encounters. Then according to the real-time problems of industrial WLAN, the fundamental mechanism of each recent representative resolution is analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, the characteristics and performance of these resolutions are adequately compared. Finally, this paper concludes the current of the research and discusses the future development of industrial WLANs.

scholarly journals Surface temperature analysis of conventional roof and different use forms of the green roof

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-640
Author(s):  
Anna Baryła ◽  
Agnieszka Bus ◽  
Agnieszka Karczmarczyk ◽  
Joanna Witkowska-Dobrev
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Thermal Imaging System

Increasing urban populations raises a number of problems and risks that are strengthened by observed and projected climate change. An increase in green areas (so-called green infrastructure) has turned out to be an effective means of lowering temperature in the city. Green roofs can be one of the possible measures leading to achieving this aim. The aim of the study was the analysis of temperature changes of different roof surfaces (conventional roof, board, intensive roof substrate without plant cover, substrate covered with plants (shrubs). Studies on comparing the temperature between a conventional roof and green roofs were carried out in the period from April to September 2015 on the roof of the building of the Faculty of Modern Languages, University of Warsaw. The measurement was performed using the FLIR SC620 thermal imaging system. As a result of the tests, it was found that in the summer months the differences between the temperature of the green roof and the conventional roof amounted to a maximum of 31.3°C. The obtained results showed that the roof with vegetation can signifi cantly contribute to the mitigation of the urban heat island phenomenon in urban areas during summer periods.

scholarly journals Effects of Extensive Green Roofs on Energy Performance of School Buildings in Four North American Climates

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Mahmoodzadeh ◽  
Phalguni Mukhopadhyaya ◽  
Caterina Valeo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Roof Design

A comprehensive parametric analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of the green roof design parameters on the thermal or energy performance of a secondary school building in four distinctively different climate zones in North America (i.e., Toronto, ON, Canada; Vancouver, BC, Canada; Las Vegas, NV, USA and Miami, FL, USA). Soil moisture content, soil thermal properties, leaf area index, plant height, leaf albedo, thermal insulation thickness and soil thickness were used as design variables. Optimal parameters of green roofs were found to be functionally related to meteorological conditions in each city. In terms of energy savings, the results showed that the light-weight substrate had better thermal performance for the uninsulated green roof. Additionally, the recommended soil thickness and leaf area index for all four cities were 15 cm and 5 respectively. The optimal plant height for the cooling dominated climates is 30 cm and for the heating dominated cities is 10 cm. The plant albedo had the least impact on the energy consumption while it was effective in mitigating the heat island effect. Finally, unlike the cooling load, which was largely influenced by the substrate and vegetation, the heating load was considerably affected by the thermal insulation instead of green roof design parameters.

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