scholarly journals Fan film on the final frontier: Axanar Productions and the limits of fair use in the digital age

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Elizabeth Lerner
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
The Gift ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Media Fandom ◽  
Case Frames

In an analysis of the copyright case Paramount/CBS v. Axanar Productions Inc. and Alec Peters (2016), which centers on a high-budget Star Trek fan film, I consider how the case frames digital-age media fandom's challenges to the law, and concomitantly, how the case frames the law's challenges to media fandom. Even while legal action of this kind does not dampen participatory culture on the whole, it raises questions about the legal definition of a fan and the limits of fair use doctrine, and it delineates the changing relationships between media industries and fans. Paramount/CBS v. Axanar Productions reveals the tension between the gift-giving ethos of fandom and online crowdfunding as a type of gift; it also reveals the negative industrial and legal reactions to fan filmmaking and crowdfunding as threats to the way film has traditionally been constituted. I analyze Axanar's use of Kickstarter and Indiegogo campaigns, the introduction of Paramount/CBS's restrictive fan film guidelines, and finally, the rejected fair use argument proposed by the defense. I take up the rejected fair use argument by situating it alongside the case history of appropriation art in order to consider another way to argue for fan films as transformative works.

Mental Competence and Consent to Treatment

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Burra ◽  
R. Kimberley ◽  
C. Miura
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Case History ◽  
Mental Competence ◽  
Mental Health Act ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications

The issue of mental competence in relation to consent to treatment has been high-lighted in the recently amended Mental Health Act in Ontario. The definition of mental competence in this context, how it is to be determined, and some practical implications of the Section of the Act pertaining to this matter, are discussed. The case history of a young woman is used to illustrate some of the points made.

scholarly journals HISTÓRIA E TEOLOGIA DA INFALIBILIDADE DA IGREJA

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (128) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Bernard Sesboüé
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Vatican I ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Papal Infallibility ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
John Xxii ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church

Faz-se o histórico da doutrina da infalibilidade da Igreja e, especialmente, do papa, diante da sensibilidade de hoje e diante da discrição do Vaticano II. Trata-se da verdade e da certeza da verdade na Igreja, que não pode errar. Distingue-se entre a indefectibilidade (da Igreja) e a infalibilidade, que implica a irreformabilidade da proposição. No primeiro milênio tinha-se consciência do dom da inerrância confiado à Igreja. Na Idade Média, acentua-se a plenitude do poder atribuída ao papa. O caso de João XXII e dos franciscanos espirituais, o problema do papa herege, o cisma ocidental e os concílios de Constança e de Basileia, a crise jansenista e o empenho de Fénelon levaram finalmente, no Vaticano I, à definição da infalibilidade papal. Esta, porém, não foi invocada com a frequência que se esperava. O Vaticano II ensina dentro da indefectibilidade da fé, sem definições irreformáveis.ABSTRACT: This article presents the history of the doctrine of the infallibility of the Church, and especially of the Pope, in light of the today’s sensibility and of the discretion of Vatican II. It deals with the truth and certainty of truth in the Church, which cannot err. A distinction is made between the indefectibility (of the Church) and the infallibility, which implies a “non-reformability” of the proposition. In the first Millennium there was an awareness of the gift of inerrancy entrusted to the Church. In the Middle Ages, the fullness of power assigned to the Pope became accentuated. The case of John XXII and of the spiritual Franciscans, the problem of the heretical pope, the Western schism and the Councils of Constance and Basileia, the Jansenist crisis and the work of Fénelon led finally, in Vatican I, to the definition of papal infallibility. This, however, was not invoked as often as expected. Vatican II teaches within the indefectibility of faith, without unalterable definitions.

A Crusade into the Digital Age

Race News ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Issues ◽  
American Journalism ◽  
Racial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
White Press

Competing definitions of objectivity have shaped the racial history of American journalism and continue to structure how racial issues are reported in digital media today. The black press historically aimed to enlarge the professional meaning of objectivity, hoping to invigorate the United States' democratic impulse. In contrast, the white press aimed to impose a narrow definition of objectivity that served to endorse a discriminatory status quo. Black journalists and black media remain relevant in the digital age because both continue to articulate a racial perspective frequently absent or marginalized in mass media. Despite integration, though, the collapse of journalism’s profitability amid digital transformation means black journalists continue to confront workplace concerns familiar to those encountered by their predecessors.

Towards the digital land reclamation

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vyacheslav Schedrin ◽  
Aleksandra Slabunova ◽  
Vladimir Slabunov
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Full Cooperation

The aim of the research is a retrospective analysis of the history and stages of development of digital land reclamation in Russia, the definition of «Digital land reclamation» and trends in its further development. In the framework of the retrospective analysis the main stages of melioration formation are determined. To achieve the maximum effect of the «digital reclamation» requires full cooperation of practical experience and scientific potential accumulated throughout the history of the reclamation complex, and the latest achievements of science and technology, which is currently possible only through the full digitalization of reclamation activities. The introduction of «digital reclamation» will achieve greater potential and effect in the modernization of the reclamation industry in the «hightech industry», through the use of innovative developments and optimal management decisions.

Vyshnivetsky Castle Library of Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky – Historical Book Heritage and Object of Bibliological and Historical Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 166-182
Author(s):  
Iryna Tsiborovska-Rymarovych
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Definition Of

The article has as its object the elucidation of the history of the Vyshnivetsky Castle Library, definition of the content of its fund, its historical and cultural significance, correlation of the founder of the Library Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky with the Book.The Vyshnivetsky Castle Library was formed in the Ukrainian historical region of Volyn’, in the Vyshnivets town – “family nest” of the old Ukrainian noble family of the Vyshnivetskies under the “Korybut” coat of arm. The founder of the Library was Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky (1680–1744) – Grand Hetman and Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilno Voievoda. He was a politician, an erudite and great bibliophile. In the 30th–40th of the 18th century the main Prince’s residence Vyshnivets became an important centre of magnate’s culture in Rich Pospolyta. M. S. Vyshnivetsky’s contemporaries from the noble class and clergy knew quite well about his library and really appreciated it. According to historical documents 5 periods are defined in the Library’s history. In the historical sources the first place is occupied by old-printed books of Library collection and 7 Library manuscript catalogues dating from 1745 up to the 1835 which give information about quantity and topical structures of Library collection.The Library is a historical and cultural symbol of the Enlightenment epoch. The Enlightenment and those particular concepts and cultural images pertaining to that epoch had their effect on the formation of Library’s fund. Its main features are as follow: comprehensive nature of the stock, predominance of French eighteenth century editions, presence of academic books and editions on orientalistics as well as works of the ideologues of the Enlightenment and new kinds of literature, which generated as a result of this movement – encyclopaedias, encyclopaedian dictionaries, almanacs, etc. Besides the universal nature of its stock books on history, social and political thought, fiction were dominating.The reconstruction of the history of Vyshnivetsky’s Library, the historical analysis of the provenances in its editions give us better understanding of the personality of its owners and in some cases their philanthropic activities, and a better ability to identify the role of this Library in the culture life of society in a certain epoch.

Unlocking Reserves, Fracturing Tight Gas-Condensate Bearing Sandstone: The Case History of a North African Field (Algeria)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Bertoldi ◽  
Raffaele Perfetto ◽  
Francesca Rinaldi ◽  
Gabriele Carpineta ◽  
Luis Granado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
North African ◽  
History Of
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