scholarly journals A Case of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma with Total Lymph Node Infarction

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Okuni ◽  
Kimikazu Yakushijin ◽  
Yasuhiro Sakai ◽  
Hirotaka Suto ◽  
Hiroya Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Total Lymph Node

A Novel Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Line (KHL) Established from An Untreated Patient.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1448-1448
Author(s):  
Ta-Chih Liu ◽  
Yuan-Shiang Kao ◽  
Rachael Demuth ◽  
Nina Mathews ◽  
Carmen Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract The paucity of Hodgkin cell/Reed-Sternberg cell in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) represents a general problem for molecular and cytogenetic studies. The established HL cell lines could be used for such studies. However, only about 10 cell lines have been established and all of them were isolated from patients in late stage of illness when the tumor had recurred. Only one of these cell lines is known to be positive for Epstein- Barr virus antigen. In addition, the pattern of chromosomal aberration in these cell lines is highly complex. Therefore, it is necessary to have a cell line established from the early stage of disease, without prior treatment and with less chromosomal aberration for research. A sample of left axillary lymph node from a 27-year-old male with early stage of HL, and without prior chemotherapy, was cultured in RPMI 1640 media supplemented with fetal calf serum for routine cytogenetic study. The culture, passed weekly, now in its 60st week, 57th passes is growing autonomously without supplement of any growth factor. The original lymph node biopsy showed a classical Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity (WHO Classification) and the Hodgkin cells/Reed-Sternberg cells were positive for CD30, 4+(100%), CD20, 2+(33%) and negative for CD3, CD15, CD43, ALK-1 antigen and epithelial membrane antigen. EBV nuclear antigen 1 DNA and RNA are detected by PCR method. The cell line is positive for CD30, CD20, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein, but negative for CD3, CD79a, and EBV early antigen. By florescent insitu hybridization the cell line is negative for p53 deletion, ALK gene rearrangement, MLL gene deletion, and t(12;21). A ploidy analysis by flow cytometry shows 80.22% diploid, and 19.78% hyperploids. The cells have doubling time of 30 to 36 hours. The initial karyotypes were: 45~46, XY, i(3)(q10), der(6)t(3;6)(p11;q22), t(6;13) (p21;q32), del(7)(q32), i(14) (q10)[cp3]/46, XY, del(3)(p10), der(6)t(3;6), der(6)t(6;13), del(7)(q32), add(10)(p13), der(13)add(13)(p11.1)t(6;13), i(14)(q10)[3]/46, XY[16]. Metaphase preparations from the cell line showed 46, XY, absence of the above mentioned chromosomal abnormalities, but 97% (1422/1466 cells) of cells were diploid; 2.5% (36/1466 cells) of cells were tetraploid/near tetraploid, and 0.5% (8/1466 cells) of cells showed endore-duplication. Chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization of the cell line showed microdeletion on chromosome 5q34 and 13q22~31 region, and gain on 12q12.1. Single nucleotide polymorphism array showed no abnormalities. This newly established cell line is unique in: it is the second cell line known to be positive for EBV antigen, it shows no complex chromosomal aberration by conventional karyotyping or molecular genotyping, and since the cell line showed mostly in diploid, and only 3% of the cells are tetraploid/near tetraploid and endoreduplication by conventional cytogenetic method, the cell line is ideal for the study of formation of hyperploid cells (i.e. Reed-Sternberg cells) from diploid cells.

Reed-Sternberg–Like Cells in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

2015 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 1205-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Gomez-Gelvez ◽  
Lauren B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Atypical Cells ◽  
The Common

Large atypical cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic features resembling Reed-Sternberg cells can be seen in the background of reactive lymphadenopathies as well as non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The presence of these cells is an important diagnostic pitfall that must be recognized by pathologists who regularly interpret lymph node biopsies. A thorough evaluation of the morphologic and immunophenotypic features of these cells and the cellular milieu is crucial in achieving the correct diagnosis. In this review, examples of lymphomas presenting with Reed-Sternberg–like cells will be provided. Additionally, a detailed description of the common morphologic and immunophenotypic features of these cells, as well as strategies that can be used to distinguish them from the Reed-Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma, will be emphasized.

scholarly journals A rare transition of non-Hodgkin lymphoma into classical Hodgkin disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Editorial Office
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Hodgkin Cells

<div>An uncommon case of blood cancer non-Hodg- kin lymphoma developing into classical  Hodgkin lymphoma was recently described by researchers from the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute in Tampa, Florida in a case report published in this issue of AMOR.</div><p> </p><p>“Through a series of biopsies, we report a unique case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with stepwise development of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL),” said pathologists Dr. Haipeng Shao and Pardis Vafaii from the Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine. “To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an intermediate stage of transformation from DLBCL into cHL,” they added.</p><p> </p><p>Lymphoma, or cancer in the infection-fighting lymphatic part of a human’s immune system, is categorized into two types: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma – both with distinct behaviors and different treatment requirements. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma – named after the 19<sup>th</sup> century British physician Thomas Hodgkin who first described the abnormalities in lymphatic system – is a less frequently diagnosed lymphoma subtype with tell-tale signs of abnormal lymphoid cells called ‘Reed­Sternberg cells’ which are observed as giant purple nucleoli when examined under light microscopy.</p><p> </p><p>However, 90% of lymphomas are of the non-Hodgkin lymphoma variety and do not exhibit the Reed­Sternberg cells. Of all the non-Hodgkin lymphomas, DLBCL is the most common type, which develops when white blood cells called lymphocytes (specifically the B-cell lymphocytes) start dividing uncontrollably. The distinction between DLBCL and cHL is clinically important as both respond differently to chemotherapeutic regimens, according to Shao and Vafaii. Moreover, “classical Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma rarely develop in the same patient,” they explained.</p><p> </p><p>In their published case report, however, DLBCL and cHL was found to develop on the same anatomic sites, particularly on the skin of the patient, evidenced by the presence of cHL following the occurrence of DLBCL. The patient was an elderly male with a history of stage IV DLBCL. Biopsies taken from the patient’s left arm and upper back revealed results consistent with DLBCL of the non-germinal center subtype. The patient then underwent chemotherapy, salvage therapy, and an autologous bone marrow transplant. Following the transplant, the patient’s biopsies started manifesting features of cHL, indicating a hybrid intermediate stage, according to the authors. “In the second biopsy…scattered Reed -Sternberg/Hodgkin-like cells were admixed with the DLBCL cells,” Shao and Vafaii wrote of the large atypical lymphoid cells which resemble Reed-Sternberg in cHL but do not develop into cHL.</p><p> </p><p>Nonetheless, despite these Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin- like cells showing typical immunophenotype of cHL cells and were associated with limited inflammatory cells, “cHL diagnosis requires the presence of expansile lesion with a characteristic mixed inflammatory background as- sociated with Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin cells,” the authors explained, and “the Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin-like cells did not seem to elicit a mixed inflammatory reaction and form a discrete mass lesion within the large lymphoid cells,” hence rendering it difficult for the pathologists to diagnose cHL at this stage.</p><p> </p><p>Three months later, however, an excisional biopsy performed on the patient’s lymph node no longer showed evidence of DLBCL but instead exhibited “many scattered clusters of Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin cells with prominent cherry-red nucleoli in a background of small mature lymphocytes and granulocytes,” which are findings consistent with a cHL of the nodular sclerosis subtype, Shao and Vafaii reported.</p><p> </p><p>The diagnosis of cHL established in the final lymph node biopsy therefore demonstrated that the Reed- Sternberg/Hodgkin-like cells found in the intermediate stage signaled the progression of DLBCL into cHL. “While Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin-like cells are not uncommonly seen in a variety of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, the subsequent development of cHL in this patient indicated that the scattered Reed-Sternberg/Hodgkin cells among DLBCL cells truly represented a precursor of cHL,” the authors said, adding that the transformation would be possible for pathologists to diagnose, albeit very challenging.</p><p> </p><p>Furthermore, “the identification of a hybrid intermediate stage suggested that [cHL and DLBCL] were clonally related,” they said. Further analysis of the genetic changes responsible for cHL transformation could possibly be done by examining individual Reed-Sternberg/ Hodgkin-like cells in the precursor stage, as well as the cHL cells in later stages, with subsequent molecular studies such as laser capture microdissection or next generation sequencing, their report proposed.</p><p> </p><p>According to Shao and Vafaii, the case report was unique in which a stepwise transformation from DLBCL into cHL was demonstrated through a series of biopsies, which highlights the importance of repeated biopsies in diagnostically-challenging case. “Precursor or early lesions that could not be initially established diagnostically would eventually manifest themselves in later biopsies,” the authors concluded. </p><div> </div><p> </p>

M2 Macrophages but not M1 Macrophages Are Associated with Worst Outcome in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 226 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Barros ◽  
P Segges ◽  
G Vera-Lozada ◽  
R Hassan ◽  
G Niedobitek
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
M2 Macrophages ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
M1 Macrophages
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