scholarly journals Ingesting a Combined Carbohydrate and Essential Amino Acid Supplement Compared to a Non-Nutritive Placebo Blunts Mitochondrial Biogenesis-Related Gene Expression after Aerobic Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. e000893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee M Margolis ◽  
Nancy E Murphy ◽  
Christopher T Carrigan ◽  
Holly L McClung ◽  
Stefan M Pasiakos
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Amino Acid Supplement ◽  
Acid Supplement

scholarly journals Essential Amino Acid Supplement Lowers Intrahepatic Lipid despite Excess Alcohol Consumption

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Melynda S. Coker ◽  
Kaylee R. Ladd ◽  
Jimin Kim ◽  
Carl J. Murphy ◽  
Ryan DeCort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Amino Acid Supplement ◽  
Acid Supplement ◽  
Intrahepatic Lipid ◽  
Excess Alcohol Consumption

Excess alcohol consumption is a top risk factor for death and disability. Fatty liver will likely develop and the risk of liver disease increases. We have previously demonstrated that an essential amino acid supplement (EAAS) improved protein synthesis and reduced intrahepatic lipid in the elderly. The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to initiate the evaluation of EAAS on intrahepatic lipid (IHL), body composition, and blood lipids in individuals with mild to moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Following consent, determination of eligibility, and medical screening, 25 participants (18 males at 38 ± 15 years/age and 7 females at 34 ± 18 years/age) were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two dosages: a low dose (LD: 8 g of EAAS twice/day (BID)) or high dose (HD: 13 g of EAAS BID). Five of the twenty-five enrolled participants dropped out of the intervention. Both groups consumed the supplement BID for 4 weeks. Pre- and post-EAAS administration, IHL was determined using magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy, body composition was analyzed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and blood parameters were measured by LabCorp. T-tests were used for statistical analysis and considered significant at p < 0.05. While there was no significant change in IHL in the LD group, there was a significant 23% reduction in IHL in the HD group (p = 0.02). Fat mass, lean tissue mass, bone mineral content, and blood lipids were not altered. Post-EAAS phosphatidylethanol was elevated and remained unchanged in LD at 407 ± 141 ng/mL and HD at 429 ± 196 ng/mL, indicating chronic and excess alcohol consumption. The HD of the proprietary EAAS formulation consumed BID seemed to lower IHL in individuals with mild to moderate AUD. We suggest that further studies in a larger cohort be conducted to more completely address this important area of investigation.

Essential Amino Acid Supplement lowers Intrahepatic Lipid in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Melynda S. Coker ◽  
Kaylee Ladd ◽  
Josh Kim ◽  
Carl J. Murphy ◽  
Ryan DeCort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Amino Acid Supplement ◽  
Acid Supplement ◽  
Intrahepatic Lipid

scholarly journals Progression of chronic renal failure on substituting a ketoacid supplement for an amino acid supplement.

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 1178-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Walser ◽  
S Hill ◽  
L Ward
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Amino Acid Supplement ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Acid Supplement ◽  
Low Phosphorus

Twelve patients with severe chronic renal failure (average initial GFR, 13 mL/min) were monitored for 4 to 23 months while receiving an essential amino acid supplement and were then switched to a ketoacid supplement for 6 to 40 months, while continuously receiving a very low-protein (0.3 g/kg), low-phosphorus (7 to 9 mg/kg) diet. Urinary urea N excretion indicated that actual dietary protein intake averaged 0.46 g/kg. Progression, estimated as the linear regression slope of radioisotopically determined GFR on time, slowed from -0.46 +/- 0.31 (SD) to -0.24 +/- 0.15 mL/min/month (P = 0.029). Serum urea N, creatinine, phosphate, and uric acid rose significantly as GFR fell; blood pressure, plasma lipids, and urinary urea excretion were unchanged. Urinary 17-hydroxy-corticosteroid excretion decreased 18%, but this change was only marginally significant (P = 0.087). There was no change in plasma or urinary cortisol or urinary aldosterone. Viewed in light of previous evidence that progression seldom slows when treatment remains constant, the results suggest that this ketoacid supplement slows progression by approximately half, compared with an essential amino acid supplement, with no change in diet.

scholarly journals Essential Amino Acid Supplement Lowers Intrahepatic Lipid despite Excess Alcohol Consumption

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melynda S. Coker ◽  
Kaylee Ladd ◽  
Josh Kim ◽  
Carl J. Murphy ◽  
Ryan DeCort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Amino Acid Supplement ◽  
Acid Supplement ◽  
Intrahepatic Lipid ◽  
Excess Alcohol Consumption

Excess alcohol consumption is a top risk factor for death and disability. Fatty liver will likely develop and the risk of liver disease increases. We have previously demonstrated that an essential amino acid supplement (EAAS) improved protein synthesis and reduced intrahepatic lipid in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the influence of EAAS on intrahepatic lipid (IHL), body composition, and blood lipids in individuals with mild to moderate alcohol use disorder (AUD). Following consent, determination of eligibility, and medical screening, 25 participants (18 males at 38&plusmn;15 years/age and 7 females at 34&plusmn;18 years/age) were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two dosages: a low dose (LD: 8 grams of EAAS twice/day (BID)) or high dose (HD: 13 grams of EAAS BID). Both groups consumed the supplement for 4 weeks. Pre- and post-EAAS administration, IHL was determined using magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy, body composition was analyzed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and blood parameters were measured by LabCorp. T-tests were used for statistical analysis and considered significant at P&lt;0.05. While there was no significant change in IHL in the LD group, there was a significant 23% reduction in IHL in the HD group (p=0.02). Fat mass, lean tissue mass, bone mineral content, and blood lipids were not altered. Post-EAAS phosphatidylethanol was elevated and remained unchanged in LD at 407&plusmn;141 ng/ml and HD at 429&plusmn;196 ng/ml, indicating chronic and excess alcohol consumption. Based on these results, we conclude that 13 grams of proprietary EAAS consumed BID lowers IHL in individuals with mild to moderate AUD.

scholarly journals Effects of glutamine supplementation on oxidative stress-related gene expression and antioxidant properties in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 1112-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Jun-Jen Liu ◽  
Chui-Li Yeh ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Sung-Ling Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Oxidative Stress Related Gene

There are close links among hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with immunomodulatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of dietary GLN on oxidative stress-relative gene expressions and tissue oxidative damage in diabetes. There were one normal control (NC) and two diabetic groups in the present study. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats in the NC group were fed a regular chow diet. In the two diabetic groups, one group (diabetes mellitus, DM) was fed a common semi-purified diet while the other group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by GLN (DM-GLN). GLN provided 25 % of total amino acid N. The experimental groups were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks, and then the rats were killed for further analysis. The results showed that blood thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) mRNA expression in the diabetic groups was higher than that in the NC group. Compared with the DM group, the DM-GLN group had lower glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1, a receptor of advanced glycation end products, and Txnip gene expressions in blood mononuclear cells. The total antioxidant capacity was lower and antioxidant enzyme activities were altered by the diabetic condition. GLN supplementation increased antioxidant capacity and normalised antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, the renal nitrotyrosine level and Txnip mRNA expression were lower when GLN was administered. These results suggest that dietary GLN supplementation decreases oxidative stress-related gene expression, increases the antioxidant potential and may consequently attenuate renal oxidative damage in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

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