Effect of Double Bottom Height on the Structural Behaviour of Bulk Carriers

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Contraros ◽  
◽  
S P Phokas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Bulk Carriers

EFFECT OF DOUBLE BOTTOM HEIGHT ON THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF BULK CARRIERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 153 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P D Contraros ◽  
S P Phokas
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Bulk Carrier ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Bulk Carriers ◽  
Direct Calculations ◽  
Initial Focus

This is the first of a series of companion papers that the authors propose to present on the effect that the new CSR Rules will have on the design of bulk carriers. Our initial focus will be on the new design framework established for the inner bottom height of such vessels, a parameter critical to their structural integrity. It examines the effect that double bottom height reduction has on the reliability of the bulk carrier structure, by applying a finite element 3D - 3 hold analysis of varying double bottom heights to a typical current Panamax bulk carrier design. The results are compared to pre and post IACS CSR[2] requirements. The conclusion reached is that the establishing of the double bottom height should not be left to direct calculations. A minimum acceptable height should be established in order to maintain a minimum level of structural reliability and safety.

EFFECT ON HARDNESS and MICRO STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF TOOL STEEL AFTER HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh ◽  
Aditya Chhabra ◽  
Vaibhav Kapoor ◽  
Vaibhav Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
En 31

This study is conducted to analyze the effect on the Hardness and Micro Structural Behaviour of three Sample Grades of Tool Steel i.e. EN-31, EN-8, and D3 after Heat Treatment Processes Such As Annealing, Normalizing, and Hardening and Tempering. The purpose of Selecting Tool Steel is Because Tool Steel is Mostly Used in the Manufacturing Industry.This study is based upon the empirical study which means it is derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.

scholarly journals Structural behaviour of PSCC slab panel under four-point bending test

2021 ◽  
Vol 1144 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
M A Iman ◽  
N Mohamad ◽  
A A A Samad ◽  
Steafenie George ◽  
M A Tambichik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Test ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Four Point Bending Test

scholarly journals Spin-ice physics in cadmium cyanide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe S. Coates ◽  
Mia Baise ◽  
Adrian Schmutzler ◽  
Arkadiy Simonov ◽  
Joshua W. Makepeace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Spin Ice ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Geometric Frustration ◽  
Cadmium Cyanide ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Increased Strength

AbstractSpin-ices are frustrated magnets that support a particularly rich variety of emergent physics. Typically, it is the interplay of magnetic dipole interactions, spin anisotropy, and geometric frustration on the pyrochlore lattice that drives spin-ice formation. The relevant physics occurs at temperatures commensurate with the magnetic interaction strength, which for most systems is 1–5 K. Here, we show that non-magnetic cadmium cyanide, Cd(CN)2, exhibits analogous behaviour to magnetic spin-ices, but does so on a temperature scale that is nearly two orders of magnitude greater. The electric dipole moments of cyanide ions in Cd(CN)2 assume the role of magnetic pseudospins, with the difference in energy scale reflecting the increased strength of electric vs magnetic dipolar interactions. As a result, spin-ice physics influences the structural behaviour of Cd(CN)2 even at room temperature.

scholarly journals High-pressure structural behaviour of nanocrystalline Ge

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 156217 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
J F Liu ◽  
Y He ◽  
Y Wang ◽  
W Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Structural Behaviour

scholarly journals Modeling of magneto-conductivity of bismuth selenide: a topological insulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Rabia Sultana ◽  
Prince Sharma ◽  
V. P. S. Awana
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Field Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bulk Carriers ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractWe report the magneto-conductivity analysis of Bi2Se3 single crystal at different temperatures in a magnetic field range of ± 14 T. The single crystals are grown by the self-flux method and characterized through X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Raman Spectroscopy. The single crystals show magnetoresistance (MR%) of around 380% at a magnetic field of 14 T and a temperature of 5 K. The Hikami–Larkin–Nagaoka (HLN) equation has been used to fit the magneto-conductivity (MC) data. However, the HLN fitted curve deviates at higher magnetic fields above 1 T, suggesting that the role of surface-driven conductivity suppresses with an increasing magnetic field. This article proposes a speculative model comprising of surface-driven HLN and added quantum diffusive and bulk carriers-driven classical terms. The model successfully explains the MC of the Bi2Se3 single crystal at various temperatures (5–200 K) and applied magnetic fields (up to 14 T).

scholarly journals Structural behaviour of 3D printed concrete beams with various reinforcement strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 112380
Author(s):  
Lukas Gebhard ◽  
Jaime Mata-Falcón ◽  
Ana Anton ◽  
Benjamin Dillenburger ◽  
Walter Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Reinforcement Strategies
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