Piezoelectricity and Flexoelectricity from an Energy Harvesting Perspective: Nanogenerators

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Yoon-Hwae HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Sufficient Power ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

Energy harvesting is the process by which energy can be obtained from external sources and used for wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks. Piezoelectric nanogenerators are energy harvesting devices that convert mechanical energy into electric energy by using nanostructured materials. This article summarizes work to date on piezoelectric nanogenerators, starting with the basic theory of piezo- and flexo-electricity and moving through reports on nanogenerators using nanostructures, flexible substrates and alternative materials. A sufficient power generated from nanogenerators suggests feasible applications for either power sources or strain sensors of highly integrated nanodevices. Further improvements in nanogenerators holds promise for the development of self-powered implantable and wearable electronics.

Piezoelectric Enhancement of Electrospun AlN-doped P(VDF-TrFE) Nanofiber Membrane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIANG YANG ◽  
F Xu ◽  
Hanxiao Jiang ◽  
Conghuan Wang ◽  
Xingjia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Piezoelectric Polymers ◽  
Self Powered

Piezoelectric materials are well known for their applications in self-powered sensing and mechanical energy harvesting. With the development of Internet of Things and wearable electronics, piezoelectric polymers are attracting more...

Harvesting Energy of Body Motion Through Single Electrode Based Self-Powered Triboelectric Nanogenerator

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1572-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsuddin ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Khan ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
Abdul Qadir Rahimoon ◽  
Palwasha Jalalzai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Silicon Rubber ◽  
Self Powered

A self-powered mechanical energy harvesting system consists of the storage system and the energy scavenging TENG. Triboelectric nanogenerator includes a system which integrates a self-powered sensor and the power generator, this triboelectric nanogenerator has the potential to be used in a modern wearable electronic TENG. It has been reported that triboelectric nanogenerator working under complicated deformation like bending, stretching and twisting brings the main problem. Here we have fabricated the shape adaptive Triboelectric nanogenerator which solves all the deformation issues and can harvest the mechanical energy through human body motion in any deformation, the fabricated TENG is a self-powered sensor which can sense the different human activities and can monitor the health issues, the TENG stores the energy directly to the capacitor for powering the wearable electronics. A human skin based triboelectric nanogenerator was designed from the silicon rubber and the copper acetate-II used as the electrode, which makes the TENG flexible self-powered sensor, it can be stretched up to 200%. The stretchable nature and the flexibility of the human skin based silicon rubber triboelectric nanogenerator makes it the promising flexible and shape-adaptive energy harvesting TENG. The fabricated TENG generated the open circuit voltage 70 V and the short circuit current 11 μA and delivered the power 55 μW at the load of 80 MΩ. 42 LEDs were powered directly from the TENG. The fabricated TENG has human skin tactile property which does not harm the human skin while using it multiple times. The layer of copper acetate is completely coated with silicone rubber. The fabricated TENG is flexible, biocompatible and cost effective.

scholarly journals Integration of a soft dielectric composite into a cantilever beam for mechanical energy harvesting, comparison between capacitive and triboelectric transducers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Pruvost ◽  
Wilbert J. Smit ◽  
Cécile Monteux ◽  
Pablo Del Corro ◽  
Isabelle Dufour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Variable Capacitor ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
External Bias ◽  
Intelligent Sensors ◽  
Dielectric Composite

AbstractFlexible dielectrics that harvest mechanical energy via electrostatic effects are excellent candidates as power sources for wearable electronics or autonomous sensors. The integration of a soft dielectric composite (polydimethylsiloxane PDMS-carbon black CB) into two mechanical energy harvesters is here presented. Both are based on a similar cantilever beam but work on different harvesting principles: variable capacitor and triboelectricity. We show that without an external bias the triboelectric beam harvests a net density power of 0.3 $$\upmu \mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$$ μ W / cm 2 under a sinusoidal acceleration of 3.9g at 40 Hz. In a variable capacitor configuration, a bias of 0.15 $$\mathrm{V}/\upmu \mathrm{m}$$ V / μ m is required to get the same energy harvesting performance under the same working conditions. As variable capacitors’ harvesting performance are quadratically dependent on the applied bias, increasing the bias allows the system to harvest energy much more efficiently than the triboelectric one. The present results make CB/PDMS composites promising for autonomous portable multifunctional systems and intelligent sensors.

Energy Harvesting With Piezoelectric Nanobrushes: Analysis and Design Principles

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmel Majidi ◽  
Mikko Haataja ◽  
David J. Srolovitz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Nanostructured Surface ◽  
Elastic Rod ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Rod Theory ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered

The development of self-powered electronic devices is essential for emerging technologies such as wireless sensor networks, wearable electronics, and microrobotics. Of particular interest is the rapidly growing field of piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH), in which mechanical strains are converted to electricity. Recently, PEH has been demonstrated by brushing an array of piezoelectric nanowires against a nanostructured surface. The piezoelectric nanobrush generator can be limited to sub-micron dimensions and thus allows for a vast reduction in the size of self-powered devices. Moreover, energy harvesting is controlled through contact between the nanowire tips and nanostructured surface, which broadens the design space to a wealth of innovations in tribology. Here we propose design criteria based on principles of contact mechanics, elastic rod theory, and continuum piezoelasticity.

Porous, Multi-layered Piezoelectric Composites Based on Highly Oriented Pzt/pvdf Electrospinning Fibers for High-performance Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangxin Du ◽  
Zheng Zhou ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Liqin Yao ◽  
Qilong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Piezoelectric Composites ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Piezoelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Piezoelectric Fiber

Abstract Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) that can harvest mechanical energy from ambient environment have broad prospects for multi-functional applications. Here, multi-layered piezoelectric composites with a porous structure based on highly oriented PZT/PVDF electrospinning fibers are prepared via a laminating method to construct high-performance PENGs. PZT particles as piezoelectric reinforcing phases are embedded in PVDF fibers and facilitate the formation of polar β phase in PVDF. The multi-layered, porous structure effectively promotes the overall polarization and surface bound charge density, resulting in highly efficient electromechanical conversion. The PENG based on 10 wt.% PZT/PVDF composite fibers with a 220 µm film thickness output an optimal voltage of 62.0 V and a power of 136.9 μW, which is 3.4 and 6.5 times the voltage and power of 10wt.% PZT/PVDF casting film-based PENG, respectively. Importantly, the PENG shows a high sensitivity of 12.4 VN-1, presenting a significant advantage in comparison to PENGs with other porous structures. In addition, the composites show excellent flexibility with a Young’s modulus of 227.2 MPa and an elongation of 262.3%. This work shows great potential application of piezoelectric fiber composites in flexible energy harvesting devices.

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