scholarly journals Complex wolbachia infection dynamics in mosquitoes with imperfect maternal transmission

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zheng ◽  
Wenliang Guo ◽  
Linchao Hu ◽  
Mugen Huang ◽  
Jianshe Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Wolbachia Infection Dynamics

scholarly journals Experimental evidence of Wolbachia introgressive acquisition between terrestrial isopod subspecies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bech ◽  
Sophie Beltran-Bech ◽  
Cassandre Chupeau ◽  
Jean Peccoud ◽  
Magali Thierry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Terrestrial Isopod ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Wolbachia Infection Dynamics

Abstract Wolbachia are the most widespread endosymbiotic bacteria in animals. In many arthropod host species, they manipulate reproduction via several mechanisms that favour their maternal transmission to offspring. Among them, cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) promotes the spread of the symbiont by specifically decreasing the fertility of crosses involving infected males and uninfected females, via embryo mortality. These differences in reproductive efficiency may select for the avoidance of incompatible mating, a process called reinforcement, and thus contribute to population divergence. In the terrestrial isopod Porcellio dilatatus, the Wolbachia wPet strain infecting the subspecies P. d. petiti induces unidirectional CI with uninfected individuals of the subspecies P. d. dilatatus. To study the consequences of CI on P. d. dilatatus and P. d. petiti hybridization, mitochondrial haplotypes and Wolbachia infection dynamics, we used population cages seeded with different proportions of the two subspecies in which we monitored these genetic parameters five and seven years after the initial set up. Analysis of microsatellite markers allowed evaluating the degree of hybridization between individuals of the two subspecies. These markers revealed an increase in P. d. dilatatus nuclear genetic signature in all mixed cages, reflecting an asymmetry in hybridization. Hybridization led to the introgressive acquisition of Wolbachia and mitochondrial haplotype from P. d. petiti into nuclear genomes dominated by microsatellite markers of P. d. dilatatus. We discuss these results with regards to Wolbachia effects on their host (CI and putative fitness cost), and to a possible reinforcement that may have led to assortative mating, as possible factors contributing to the observed results.

scholarly journals Mutualistic Wolbachia Infection in Aedes albopictus: Accelerating Cytoplasmic Drive

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094
Author(s):  
Stephen L Dobson ◽  
Eric J Marsland ◽  
Wanchai Rattanadechakul
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Population Replacement ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Wolbachia Infection Dynamics ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract Maternally inherited rickettsial symbionts of the genus Wolbachia occur commonly in arthropods, often behaving as reproductive parasites by manipulating host reproduction to enhance the vertical transmission of infections. One manipulation is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which causes a significant reduction in brood hatch and promotes the spread of the maternally inherited Wolbachia infection into the host population (i.e., cytoplasmic drive). Here, we have examined a Wolbachia superinfection in the mosquito Aedes albopictus and found the infection to be associated with both cytoplasmic incompatibility and increased host fecundity. Relative to uninfected females, infected females live longer, produce more eggs, and have higher hatching rates in compatible crosses. A model describing Wolbachia infection dynamics predicts that increased fecundity will accelerate cytoplasmic drive rates. To test this hypothesis, we used population cages to examine the rate at which Wolbachia invades an uninfected Ae. albopictus population. The observed cytoplasmic drive rates were consistent with model predictions for a CI-inducing Wolbachia infection that increases host fecundity. We discuss the relevance of these results to both the evolution of Wolbachia symbioses and proposed applied strategies for the use of Wolbachia infections to drive desired transgenes through natural populations (i.e., population replacement strategies).

scholarly journals Titer regulation in arthropod-Wolbachia symbioses

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio López-Madrigal ◽  
Elves H Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Wolbachia Pipientis ◽  
Host Fitness ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Fine Regulation

ABSTRACT Symbiosis between intracellular bacteria (endosymbionts) and animals are widespread. The alphaproteobacterium Wolbachia pipientis is known to maintain a variety of symbiotic associations, ranging from mutualism to parasitism, with a wide range of invertebrates. Wolbachia infection might deeply affect host fitness (e.g. reproductive manipulation and antiviral protection), which is thought to explain its high prevalence in nature. Bacterial loads significantly influence both the infection dynamics and the extent of bacteria-induced host phenotypes. Hence, fine regulation of bacterial titers is considered as a milestone in host-endosymbiont interplay. Here, we review both environmental and biological factors modulating Wolbachia titers in arthropods.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Density Dynamics of Wolbachia Infection of the Health Pest Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Chen Ge ◽  
Jiayao Hu ◽  
Zimiao Zhao ◽  
Ary A. Hoffmann ◽  
Shuojia Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Density Dynamics ◽  
Infection Density ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
The Impact

The maternally inherited obligate intracellular bacteria Wolbachia infects the reproductive tissues of a wide range of arthropods and affects host reproduction. Wolbachia is a credible biocontrol agent for reducing the impact of diseases associated with arthropod vectors. Paederus fuscipes is a small staphylinid beetle that causes dermatitis linearis and conjunctivitis in humans when they come into contact with skin. Wolbachia occur in this beetle, but their relatedness to other Wolbachia, their infection dynamics, and their potential host effects remain unknown. In this study, we report the phylogenetic position and density dynamics of Wolbachia in P. fuscipes. The phylogeny of Wolbachia based on an analysis of MLST genotyping showed that the bacteria from P. fuscipes belong to supergroup B. Quantitative PCR indicated that the infection density in adults was higher than in any other life stage (egg, larva or pupa), and that reproductive tissue in adults had the highest infection densities, with similar densities in the sexes. These findings provide a starting point for understanding the Wolbachia infection dynamics in P. fuscipes, and interactions with other components of the microbiota.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila simulans: dynamics and parameter estimates from natural populations.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1319-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Turelli ◽  
A A Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Parameter Values

Abstract In Drosophila simulans, cytoplasmically transmitted Wolbachia microbes cause reduced egg hatch when infected males mate with uninfected females. A Wolbachia infection and an associated mtDNA variant have spread northward through California since 1986. PCR assays show that Wolbachia infection is prevalent throughout the continental US and Central and South America, but some lines from Florida and Ecuador that are PCR-positive for Wolbachia do not cause incompatibility. We estimate from natural populations infection frequencies and the transmission and incompatibility parameter values that affect the spread of the infection. On average, infected females from nature produce 3-4% uninfected ova. Infected females with relatively low fidelity of maternal transmission show partial incompatibility with very young infected laboratory males. Nevertheless, crosses between infected flies in nature produce egg-hatch rates indistinguishable from those produced by crosses between uninfected individuals. Incompatible crosses in nature produce hatch rates 30-70% as high as those from compatible crosses. Wild-caught infected and uninfected females are equally fecund in the laboratory. Incompatibility decreases with male age, and age-specific incompatibility levels suggest that males mating in nature may often be 2 or 3 weeks old. Our parameter estimates accurately predict the frequency of Wolbachia infection in California populations.

Infection dynamics of Kudoa inornata (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) in spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Teleostei: Sciaenidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I de Buron ◽  
KM Hill-Spanik ◽  
L Haselden ◽  
SD Atkinson ◽  
SL Hallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Seatrout ◽  
Cynoscion Nebulosus ◽  
Infection Dynamics
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