scholarly journals Effects of Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Ethylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol and Glycerol on Cryopreservation of Wild Tree Shrew (Tupaia belangeri Chinese) Cauda Epididymal Sperm

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 3568-3574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Hua Yang ◽  
Shu-Huang Ping ◽  
Feng Yue ◽  
Cai-Yun Wang ◽  
Ying Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Tupaia Belangeri ◽  
Wild Tree

44 EFFECT OF CRYOPROTECTANT AGENTS IN EQUINE OVARIAN BIOPSY FRAGMENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
G. D. A. Gastal ◽  
B. G. Alves ◽  
S. O. Paiva ◽  
K. A. Alves ◽  
S. G. S. de Tarso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

Studies on ovarian tissue preservation in horses are scarce, and only one research group (Devireddy et al. 2006 Mol. Reprod. Develop. 73, 330–341) has tested the effect of the cryoprotectant agents in equine ovarian tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the effect of cryoprotectant agents in the morphology of equine preantral follicles (PAF) and structure of the ovarian tissue, (2) the relationship between ovarian stromal cell density and PAF density, and (3) the association of ovarian stromal cell density with PAF morphology after exposure to cryoprotectant agents. Three independent experiments with identical methodologies were performed in this study. Each experiment was composed by one cryoprotectant agent (dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol) performed in 3 replicates. Ovarian biopsy fragments (1.5 × 1.5 × 10 mm) were harvested from 6 mares and submitted to 4 times of exposure (0, 10, 15, 20 min) at room temperature in a solution of α-minimal essential medium (MEM)+ and one cryoprotectant (dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol) at a concentration of 1.5 M. The cryoprotectant removal was performed by a 3-step (5 min each) equilibration process using (1) α-MEM + 0.5 M sucrose, (2) α-MEM + 0.25 M sucrose, and (3) α-MEM alone after each time of exposure. All fragments were fixed in Bouin’s solution for histological analysis. Data were analysed by ANOVA, Fisher’s exact test, Spearman’s rank correlation, and power test. The PAF density, stromal cell density, and area of the fragments were not affected (P > 0.05) by any of the cryoprotectant agents throughout the time of exposure. However, the morphology of the PAF was affected (P < 0.05) by the cryoprotectant agents. In the propylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide, higher (P < 0.05) percentages of abnormal PAF were observed at 10 and 20 min of exposure, respectively. However, the PAF morphology in the ethylene glycol treatments was not affected (P > 0.05) throughout the times of exposure. Strong correlations (range, 0.57 to 0.77; power, 96 to 99%) were identified between PAF density and stromal cell density in all experiments. When stromal cells were classified into groups of density (i.e. low, 25.67–34.66; medium, 34.67–43.66; and high, 43.67–52.67 cells/2500 μm2), only the high stromal cell density was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with the PAF density; however, no correlation between stromal cell density and PAF morphology was observed. In conclusion, (1) ethylene glycol seems to be a less harmful cryoprotectant agent to equine PAF, (2) exposure to cryoprotectant agents did not affect the cell density and area of ovarian fragments, (3) PAF density was positively correlated with stromal cell density, and (4) stromal cell density did not affect the morphology of PAF.

Hydrogenolysis of glucose and fructose in glycol solutions over CuO-MgO-ZrO2 catalyst

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
M.E. Sharanda ◽  
◽  
E.A. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
High Partial Pressure ◽  
Zro2 Catalyst ◽  
Phase Process

Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are important representatives of polyols. On an industrial scale, they are obtained from petrochemical raw materials. Within a decade, significant efforts were made for the producing of polyols from biologically renewable raw materials - carbohydrates. The general trend for carbohydrate hydrogenolysis includes application of liquid-phase process with the use of modified metal-oxide catalysts, at 120-120 ° C and pressure of 3MPa or above. So high pressure is used for the reason to increase hydrogen solubility, and also due to the high partial pressure of low boiling solvents. We supposed that usage of high boiling solvents could allow hydrogenolysis to be performed at the lower pressure. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are of particular interest as such kind of solvent since they are both the main products of glucose hydrogenolysis. In this work, the process of hydrogenolysis of glucose and fructose over Cu / MgO-ZrO2 catalyst have been studied at temperature range of 160-200 °C and a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa in a flow reactor. The solvents were simultaneously the target products of the reaction - ethylene glycol and / or propylene glycol. Gas chromatography and 13C NMR were used for the reaction products identification. It was found that the solubility of glucose in propylene glycol is 21 % by weight, and in ethylene glycol 62% by weight. It was pointed out that the process of hydrogenolysis can take place at a pressure close to atmospheric. Under these conditions, the conversion of hexoses reaches 96-100 %. The reaction products are preferably propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. The total selectivity for C3-2 polyols is 90-94 %, that is higher than in the hydrogenolysis of glucose in aqueous solution.

The organization of frontoparietal cortex in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri): II. Connectional evidence for a frontal-posterior parietal network

2007 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Remple ◽  
Jamie L. Reed ◽  
Iwona Stepniewska ◽  
David C. Lyon ◽  
Jon H. Kaas
Keyword(s):  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Tupaia Belangeri ◽  
Frontoparietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal

Determination of Small Amounts of 1,2-Propylene Glycol in Ethylene Glycol

1952 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Cannon ◽  
L. C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol
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