scholarly journals Possibilities of Histological Studies in Non-Uremic Rabbit Model of Peritoneal Dialysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1414-1420
Author(s):  
Biljana Stojimirov ◽  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Zeljko Lausevic ◽  
Slobodan Krstic ◽  
Jasna Trbojevic- ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Histological Studies

Endothelial Glycocalyx and the Peritoneal Barrier

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Flessner
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Solute Transfer ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Initial Resistance

Recent advances in the study of the microcirculation have demonstrated the critical role of the endothelial glycocalyx in transcapillary transport from the plasma to the tissue interstitium. Since the capillary wall represents the initial resistance to solute transfer from the plasma through the tissue to the dialysate, the glycocalyx is potentially of major importance to peritoneal dialysis. Inadvertently removed in early histological studies, this thin, delicate layer of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans is now recognized as a primary barrier in transendothelial solute and water transport. Subperitoneal endothelia are exposed to inflammation, angiogenesis, and hyperglycemia, which have been shown to affect the layer by increasing permeability. This entity permits new hypotheses concerning the factors that influence the transport characteristics of peritoneal dialysis patients and provides new avenues of basic research into the fundamental mechanisms of alteration of the peritoneal barrier.

scholarly journals Surgical Technique Using An Improvised Peritoneal Catheter In An Experimental Non-Uremic Rabbit Model Of Peritoneal Dialysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krstić Slobodan ◽  
Trbojević-Stanković Jasna ◽  
Žunić Snežana ◽  
Jovanović Nataša ◽  
Stojimirović Biljana
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Peritoneal Catheter ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Catheter Implantation ◽  
Rabbit Animal Model

AbstractExperimental models have strongly contributed to the comprehension of the processes of peritoneal damage that take place during peritoneal dialysis treatment in human patients. A variety of peritoneal dialysis models have been developed, mostly using rats and rabbits.In this study we present the successful development of a custom-made improvised peritoneal catheter for an experimental non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis.A detailed description of the surgical technique of peritoneal catheter implantation, care and removal is provided.This innovative approach to constructing a peritoneal catheter in rabbit animal model of peritoneal dialysis is easy, reproducible and inexpensive. The surgical technique applied provided adequate tissue samples for both light and electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Modification of peritoneal dialysis model on rabbits: A pilot study

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Snezana Zunic-Bozinovski ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic ◽  
Zeljko Lausevic ◽  
Slobodan Krstic ◽  
Jasna Trbojevic-Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue

INTRODUCTION. Long-term peritoneal dialysis, a well-established method of depuration in end-stage renal disease patients, is assosiated with morphological and functional alterations of the peritoneal membrane due to the use of bioincompatible dialysis solutions. Studying effects of dialysate on the peritoneal tissue in humans is still a challenge due to ethical and technical limitations. There has been a variety of peritoneal dialysis experimental models but without consensus on the ideal model so far. OBJECTIVE. We aimed to develop a new, modified experimental rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis which would be practical, easy to conduct, relatively inexpensive and convenient to study long-term effects of dialysis solution on the peritoneal membrane. METHOD. This pilot study was performed on five healthy Chinchilla rabbits of both sexes. After i.v. Thiopental injection BP 1G, 0.5 ml/kg body mass, a catheter, especially made from Tro-soluset (Troge Medical GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) infusion system, was surgically tunneled from the animals? neck to the abdomen and inserted to the bottom of the peritoneal cavity. After one week recovery period, peritoneal dialysate instillations were performed for four weeks. During the whole five week experimental period a follow-up diary was kept. RESULTS. All procedures were well tolerated by the animals. The rabbits gained body weight, had normal body temperature and no complications were noted. CONCLUSION. The presented modified peritoneal dialysis model is practical, reproducible, does not require sophisticated technology and is well tolerated by the animals. That is why it is convenient for studying long-term effects of dialysate on the rabbit?s peritoneal membrane.

scholarly journals First histological findings in rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 625-632
Author(s):  
Biljana Stojimirovic ◽  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Z. Lausevic ◽  
S. Krstic ◽  
Miljana Obradovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Histological Findings

scholarly journals Ultrastructural changes of the peritoneum in a rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Snezana Zunic-Bozinovski ◽  
Dusan Trpinac ◽  
Zeljko Lausevic ◽  
Slobodan Krstic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background/Aim. The number of patients with end-stage renal diseases treated with chronic dialysis is increasing over the last years. Long-term peritoneal dialysis is associated with progressive development of structural and functional alterations of peritoneal membrane. The aim of the study was to analyze ultrastructural alterations of mesothelial monolayer and submesothelial tissue in a modified nonuremic experimental model of peritoneal dialysis in rabbits. Methods. The study was performed on 5 healthy Chinchilla rabbits. Surgical procedures of implantation and removal of peritoneal catheter, prevention of catheter clothing, prevention of infection and dialysate instillation were performed according to previously described protocols. Peritoneal tissue samples were collected upon catheter placement and removal after a 5-week follow-up and processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination. Results. The rabbits tolerated anesthesia, surgical procedure and the applied regimen of dialysate instillations well. The animals recovered completely and no adverse effects were noted. In the animals treated with peritoneal dialysis instillations, TEM revealed alterations of the mesothelial monolayer and submesothelial tissue. The mesothelial cells in direct contact with dialysis fluid were prone to shrinking. They lost the typical cobblestone morphology and assumed a flattened shape. The mesothelial cells were often detached from the basement membrane. These cells showed euchromatic nuclei, higher number of microvilli in their apical part and very numerous vesicles. A higher quantity of collagen fibers was noticed in the peritoneal lamina propria in close relation to the basement membrane of mesothelium. The nuclei of the fibroblasts were also euchromatic. Numerous mitochondria, granules and vesicles were present in their cytoplasm. Conclusion. The used rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis is simple, practical to perform, reproducible, not expensive and not requiring advanced devices. It is suitable for obtaining peritoneal tissue samples for histological examination and can be used to analyze the effects of dialysis solutions on the rabbit peritoneal membrane.

Histological Studies of Double Layer HA/CaO-P2O5 Glass Plasma Sprayed Coatings using Rabbit Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 192-195 ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
M.P. Ferraz ◽  
José D. Santos ◽  
A. Afonso ◽  
A.R. Vasconcelos ◽  
F.J. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Plasma Sprayed Coatings ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

The Standard Peritoneal Permeability Analysis in the Rabbit: A Longitudinal Model for Peritoneal Dialysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Machteld M. Zweers ◽  
Caroline E. Douma ◽  
Dirk R. De Waart ◽  
Anton B. Van Der Wardt ◽  
Marja M. Ho-Dac-Pannekeet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Lymphatic Absorption ◽  
Intraindividual Variation ◽  
Peritoneal Transport ◽  
Peritoneal Permeability

Objective The development of an experimental peritoneal dialysis (PD) model in rabbits to investigate peritoneal transport characteristics during a longitudinal follow-up and to assess normal values of these peritoneal transport parameters. Design Peritoneal transport parameters were determined in conscious, unrestrained rabbits by standard peritoneal permeability analysis adjusted for rabbits (SPAR). In this test a 1-hour dwell with 3.86% glucose dialysate is used. Dextran 70 (1 g/L) was added to the dialysate to allow calculation of fluid kinetics. Dialysate samples were taken before, 10, and 40 minutes after instillation and at the end of the dwell. Blood was drawn at the end of the dwell. Experimental Animals Eighteen female New Zealand White rabbits (2565 g) were included for catheter implantation. SPARs were performed in 15 animals; the other 3 were excluded due to complications. Main Outcome The mass transfer area coefficients (MTACs) of the low molecular weight solutes urea (MTACurea) and creatinine (MTACcr) were calculated. The clearances of albumin (Clalb) and IgG (ClIgG), glucose absorption, and fluid transport were computed. Coefficients of intraindividual variation (Vc) were calculated for these parameters. Results The main complications were catheter obstruction and/or dislocation. Five rabbits underwent uncomplicated PD during a 4-week period. Fifteen SPARs in 15 stable rabbits were performed and analyzed to obtain normal values. Means and standard deviations of the transport parameters were as follows: MTACurea 2.24 ± 0.57 mL/min, MTACcr 1.61 ± 0.30 mL/min, Clalb 52.9 ± 17.2 μL/min, ClIgG 44.5 ± 22.9 μL/min. The transcapillary ultrafiltration rate was 0.66 ± 0.13 mL/min and the lymphatic absorption rate 0.47 ± 0.26 mL/min. The parameters of solute transport were upscaled to those in humans using two different methods. MTACs of low molecular weight solutes in rabbits and patients were of the same order of magnitude, but the clearance of albumin was approximately four times higher in rabbits than in patients, and that of IgG eight times. In all rabbits sieving of sodium was observed. The dialysate/plasma (D/P) of sodium decreased to a minimum at 40 min ( p < 0.003 vs the initial value), followed by a rise to 60 min. The minimal value was 0.884 ± 0.002. The coefficients of variation calculated on 7 rabbits that underwent two or more SPARs were similar to those assessed from the patient data. This indicates stability of the model and reproducibility of the SPAR. Conclusion The conscious rabbit model for PD can be used for repeated studies on peritoneal transport.

scholarly journals CKD Increases Carbonylation of HDL and Is Associated with Impaired Antiaggregant Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1462-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nans Florens ◽  
Catherine Calzada ◽  
Sandrine Lemoine ◽  
Marie Michèle Boulet ◽  
Nicolas Guillot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blocking Antibody ◽  
Protein Adduct

BackgroundCKD is associated with increased oxidative stress that correlates with occurrence of cardiovascular events. Modifications induced by increased oxidative stress particularly affect circulating lipoproteins such as HDL that exhibit antiatheromatous and antithrombotic properties in vitro.MethodsTo explore the specific role of oxidative modifications of HDL in CKD and their effect on the platelet-targeting antiaggregant properties of HDL, we used a CKD (5/6 nephrectomy) rabbit model. For ex vivo assessment of the antiaggregant properties of HDL, we collected blood samples from 15 healthy volunteers, 25 patients on hemodialysis, and 20 on peritoneal dialysis. We analyzed malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal protein adduct levels. Platelet aggregation and activation were assessed by aggregometry, thromboxane B2 assay, or FACS. We modified HDL from controls by incubating it overnight at 37°C with 100 µM of HNE.ResultsHDL from CKD rabbits and patients on hemodialysis had HNE adducts. The percentage of platelet aggregation or activation induced by collagen was significantly higher when platelets were incubated with HDL from CKD rabbit and hemodialysis groups than with HDL from the control group. In both rabbits and humans, platelet aggregation and activation were significantly higher in the presence of HNE-modified HDL than with HDL from their respective controls. Incubation of platelets with a blocking antibody directed against CD36 or with a pharmacologic inhibitor of SRC kinases restored the antiaggregative phenotype in the presence of HDL from CKD rabbits, patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and HNE-modified HDL.ConclusionsHDL from CKD rabbits and patients on hemodialysis exhibited an impaired ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, suggesting that altered HDL properties may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk in this population.

scholarly journals An experimental, non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis

2008 ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
S Zunic-Bozinovski ◽  
Z Lausevic ◽  
S Krstic ◽  
N Jovanovic ◽  
J Trbojevic-Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Catheter Obstruction ◽  
Dialysis Solutions ◽  
Dialysis Fluids ◽  
Infusion System

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well established method of depuration in uremic patients. Standard dialysis solutions currently in use are not biocompatible with the peritoneal membrane. Studying effects of dialysate on peritoneal membrane in humans is still a challenge. There is no consensus on the ideal experimental model so far. We, therefore, wanted to develop a new experimental non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis, which would be practical, easy to conduct, not too costly, and convenient to investigate the long-term effect of dialysis fluids. The study was done on 17 healthy Chinchilla male and female rabbits, anesthetized with Thiopental in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body mass. A catheter, specially made from Tro-soluset (Troge Medical GMBH, Hamburg, Germany) infusion system, was then surgically inserted and tunneled from animals' abdomen to their neck. The planned experimental procedure was 4 weeks of peritoneal dialysate instillation. The presented non-uremic rabbit model of peritoneal dialysis is relatively inexpensive, does not require sophisticated technology and was well tolerated by the animals. Complications such as peritonitis, dialysis fluid leakage, constipation and catheter obstruction were negligible. This model is reproducible and can be used to analyze the effects of different dialysis solutions on the rabbit peritoneal membrane.

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