Pullout Behaviour of Circular Plate Anchors in Sand: A Small Scale Experimental Investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelin Ramani Sujatha ◽  
R. Balamuruga
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Circular Plate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pullout Behaviour ◽  
Plate Anchors

Experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of circular plate anchors embedded in sand

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ilamparuthi ◽  
E A Dickin ◽  
K Muthukrisnaiah
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Circular Plate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Uplift Capacity ◽  
Rupture Surface ◽  
Sand Surface ◽  
Plate Anchors ◽  
Loose Medium

An experimental investigation of the uplift behaviour of relatively large scale model circular plate anchors up to 400 mm in diameter embedded in loose, medium-dense, and dense dry sand is described. Uplift capacity is strongly influenced by anchor diameter, embedment ratio, and sand density. In tests on shallow half-cut models, a gently curved rupture surface emerged from the top edge of the anchor to the sand surface at approximately ϕ/2 to the vertical, where ϕ is the angle of shearing resistance. For a deep anchor, a balloon-shaped rupture surface emerged at 0.8ϕ to the vertical immediately above the anchor and was confined within the sand bed. The load-displacement behaviour of full-shaped models was three-phase and two-phase for shallow and deep anchors, respectively. Alternative methods of determining the critical embedment ratio are considered, and values of 4.8, 5.9, and 6.8 are proposed for loose, medium-dense, and dense sand, respectively. Empirical equations are presented which yield breakout factors similar to those from many published laboratory and field studies.Key words: circular anchor, uplift capacity, sand, critical embedment ratio, failure mechanism.

An Experimental Investigation on Cylinder VIV Trajectories Under Different Model Scale

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zh. Kang ◽  
Yunhe Zhai ◽  
Ruxin Song ◽  
Liping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Natural Vibration ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Natural Vibration Frequency ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Initial Research

In this paper, model tests were carried out to investigate two degrees of freedom VIV of horizontally-laid cylinders with diameters of 5cm, 11cm, 20cm and length 120cm and compared their vibration trajectories. The test results showed that the in-line and cross-flow vibration frequency of different scale cylinders demonstrate “multi frequency” phenomenon, that is, the in-line vibration frequency is not only twice but also once or four times as much as the cross-flow vibration frequency in some scale, natural frequency and reduced velocity conditions. Also, the cross-flow multi-frequency vibration phenomenon occurred. The trajectory of the vibration cylinder differentiated from the traditional “8” shape accordingly. The vibration trajectory, especially of small-scale cylinder, changed in most conspicuous manner. Through the initial research and analysis, it was found that in addition to in-line and cross-flow natural vibration frequency and the flow velocity, the shape of cylinders was also one of the main causes leading to different vibration trajectory forms.

Experimental Investigation of Bioenergy Production from Small-Scale Gasification of Landfill-Diverted Wood Wastes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 6885-6901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer V. Littlejohns ◽  
James Butler ◽  
Luis Luque ◽  
Kevin Austin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bioenergy Production

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of the wind direction influence on the cooling of photovoltaic panels integrated in double skin façades

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03045
Author(s):  
Sebastian Valeriu Hudișteanu ◽  
Cătalin George Popovici
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Reference Velocity ◽  
Double Skin

The paper presents a wind tunnel experimental investigation of a small-scale building model (1:30). The main objective of the study is to determine the influence of the reference wind direction over the ventilation inside the double skin façade (DSF) channel. The analyzed system consists of a building equipped with photovoltaic panels as the exterior glazing of DSF. The tests were achieved by conceiving and implementation of an experimental program using a wind tunnel with atmospheric boundary layer. The aim is to determine with acceptable probability the velocities that can be reached in the ventilated façade channel during the warm season and to establish a correlation between the external reference velocity magnitude and direction and the velocity field generated inside the channel of the façade. Measurements were carried out for the reference wind speed, total, dynamic and static pressure both in the reference point and inside the façade channel. The results of the investigation highlighted the correlation between the velocity and direction of the reference wind and the dynamics of the air movement inside the double skin façade. The measurements showed that for the analyzed configuration of the double skin façade, there is an optimal wind direction that ensures the best cooling effect to photovoltaic panels. Also, the convective heat transfer coefficients were determined under these conditions. The decrease of the photovoltaic panel’s temperature determines a raise of its efficiency and generated power.

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