Behavioural and biochemical effects of one-week exposure to aflatoxin B1 and aspartame in male Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-305
Author(s):  
N.S. Souto ◽  
M. Dassi ◽  
A.C.M. Braga ◽  
E.V.F. Rosa ◽  
M.R. Fighera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Gst Activity

Food products are susceptible to contamination by mycotoxins, and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) stands as the most toxic among them. AFB1 intoxication results in distinct signs, including widespread systemic toxicity. Aspartame (ASP) is an artificial sweetener used as a sugar substitute in many products, and compelling evidence indicates ASP can be toxic. Interestingly, mechanisms underlying ASP and AFB1 toxicity involve oxidative stress. In this context, concomitant use of ASP and AFB1 in a meal may predispose to currently unidentified behavioural and biochemical changes. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of AFB1 (250 μg/kg, intragastrically (i.g.)) and/or ASP (75 mg/kg, i.g.) exposure for 7 days on behavioural and biochemical markers of oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. AFB1 and/or ASP increased hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity when compared to controls. In the kidneys, increased GST activity was detected in AFB1 and AFB1+ASP groups. In addition, AFB1 and or ASP elicited behavioural changes in the open field, marble burying and splash tests, however no additive effects were detected. Altogether, present data suggest AFB1 and ASP predispose to anxiety- and obsessive-compulsive-like symptoms, as well as to enzymatic defence system imbalance in liver and kidney of Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Bromuconazole caused genotoxicity, hepatic and renal failure via oxidative stress process in Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karima RJIBA ◽  
Hiba Hamdi ◽  
Asma M’nassri ◽  
Yosra Guedri ◽  
Moncef Mokni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Abstract Bromuconazole is a triazole pesticide used to protect vegetables and fruits against diverse fungi pathologies. However, its utilization may be accompanied by diverse tissues injuries. For this, we tried to examine bromuconazole effects in liver and kidney tissues by the evaluation of biochemical and histopathological modifications also by genotoxic and oxidative stress analysis. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of 6 animals. The control group received daily a corn oil (vehicle) orally. Three oral Bromuconazole doses were tested (1, 5 and 10 % of LD50) daily for 28 days. Bromuconazole increased the plasma activities of transaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and uric acid levels. histopathological check showed that Bromuconazole caused organs failure. This study make known that Bromuconazole caused conspicuous DNA damage either in hepatic and kidney tissues, with a significant increase in malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels followed by the increase in the enzymatic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in a dose dependent manner. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (GPx) activities were also recorded. Our results highlight that bromuconazole exposure induced genotoxic damage and organs failure that may be caused by the disturbances of oxidative stress statue in liver and kidney tissues.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Curative Effects of Chlorophyll fromSauropus androgynus(L) Merr Leaf Extract and Cu-Chlorophyllin on Sodium Nitrate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparmi Suparmi ◽  
Minidian Fasitasari ◽  
Martanto Martosupono ◽  
Jubhar Christian Mangimbulude
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Rbc Count

Sodium nitrate (NaNO2) widely used as food additive for coloring and preserving meat has been reported to induce oxidative stress and cause histopathologic changes, nitrosative tissue damage, and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney. Therefore, the present study compared the curative effect of chlorophyll fromSauropus androgynus(L) Merr and Cu-chlorophyllin as antioxidant in NaNO2-induced female Wistar rats based on haematological, serum biochemical, and histological evaluation. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups of five rats each. NaNO2were given at a subacute dose of 50 mg/kg bw intraperitoneally for 10 days. Chlorophyll fromS. androgynusand Cu-chlorophyllin from K-Liquid™ were given in the following 14 days at the two doses: 0,016 mg/mL and 0.008 mg/mL. NaNO2exposure resulted in significant reductions (p<0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and red blood cell (RBC) count, transferrin, and ferritin and elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and schistocytes percentage with insignificant reductions in serum albumin and transferrin levels. Histology of kidney and liver were changed insignificantly (p>0.05) to normal values. Chlorophyll fromS. androgynusand Cu-chlorophyllin possess antioxidant potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium nitrate.

scholarly journals Impairment of Hepatic and Renal Functions by 2,5-Hexanedione Is Accompanied by Oxidative Stress in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Adedara ◽  
Amos O. Abolaji ◽  
Blessing E. Odion ◽  
Isioma J. Okwudi ◽  
Abiola A. Omoloja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Toxic Metabolite ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Aminotransferases ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase

2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is the toxic metabolite of n-hexane which is widely used as solvent in numerous industries. The present study elucidated the precise mechanism of 2,5-HD in hepatorenal toxicity by determining the involvement of oxidative stress in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% 2,5-HD in drinking water for 21 days. Exposure to 2,5-HD caused liver and kidney atrophy evidenced by significant elevation in serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and electrolytes levels compared with control. The marked dose-dependent increase in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was accompanied with significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in 2,5-HD-exposed animals when compared with the control. Administration of 2,5-HD significantly diminished glutathione (GSH) level but increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) concomitantly with marked elevation in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver and kidney of the treated groups compared with control. These findings suggest that undue exposure to 2,5-HD at environmentally relevant levels may impair liver and kidney functions through induction of oxidative stress.

Cobalt chloride toxicity elicited hypertension and cardiac complication via induction of oxidative stress and upregulation of COX-2/Bax signaling pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Oyagbemi ◽  
TO Omobowale ◽  
OV Awoyomi ◽  
TO Ajibade ◽  
OO Falayi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cobalt Chloride ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Protein X ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ppm Level

Cobalt is a ferromagnetic metal with extensive industrial and biological applications. To assess the toxic effects of, and mechanisms involved in cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced cardio-renal dysfunctions. Male Wistar rats were exposed orally, daily through drinking water to 0 ppm (control), 150 ppm, 300 ppm, and 600 ppm of CoCl2, respectively. Following exposure, results revealed significant ( p < 0.05) rise in markers of oxidative stress, but decreased activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and reduced glutathione content in cardiac and renal tissues. There were significant increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure at the 300- and 600-ppm level of CoCl2-exposed rats relative to the control. Prolongation of QT and QTc intervals was observed in CoCl2 alone treated rats. Also, there were significant increases in the heart rates, and reduction in P wave, and PR duration of rats administered CoCl2. Histopathology of the kidney revealed peritubular and periglomerular inflammation, focal glomerular necrosis following CoCl2 exposure. Further, cyclooxygenase-2 and B-cell associated protein X expressions were upregulated in the cardiac and renal tissues of CoCl2-exposed rats relative to the control. Combining all, results from this study implicated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis as pathologic mechanisms in CoCl2-induced hypertension and cardiovascular complications of rats.

scholarly journals The beneficial effect of a phytonutrient-rich product against cadmium chloride-induced hepatorenal toxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Omotayo Babatunde Ilesanmi ◽  
Ridwan Abiodun Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract. This study was designed to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of trévo, on cadmium-induced renal and hepatic injury in male Wistar rats. Methods. Fifteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five rats per group. Group I (control); group II (35mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2); Group III (2 ml/kg trévo+ CdCl2. The rats were treated with trévo (2ml/kg orally) and administered CdCl2 3 hrs later. Twenty-four hours after the last administration rats were sacrificed and blood was collected via cardiac puncture and processed for hematological parameters and assessment of urea, creatinine (CREA), and uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin (ALB). The liver and kidney were excised and processed for markers of oxidative stress. Results intraperitoneal administration of 35 mg/kg of CdCl2 caused a significant increase in serum concentration of urea, CREA, UA, AST, ALT, while the concentration of ALB was significantly lower (P<0.0001). CdCl2 caused a significant reduction in packed cell volume, hemoglobin while the total white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were increased. Oxidative stress was significantly pronounced in the liver and kidney of rats exposed to CdCl2 as observed in the high concentration of malondialdehyde, decreased concentration of glutathione, the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase. Pretreatment with trévo was able to significantly prevent the anemic, oxidative damage, renal and hepatic injury initiated by CdCl2. Conclusions. The study reveals that trévo is effective in attenuating cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male Wistar rats.

Chemoprotective Effects of Propolis on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Oxidative Damage and Hepatotoxicity by Modulating TP53, Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Seval Yilmaz ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Emre Kaya ◽  
Mustafa Ozkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Gst Activity

Objective: This study aimed to detect hepatic oxidative damage caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as well as to examine how propolis protects against hepatotoxic effects of AFB1. Method: Rats were split into four groups as control group, AFB1 group, propolis group, AFB1+ propolis group. Results: There was significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and tumor suppressor protein (TP53) gene expression, Glutathione (GSH) level, Catalase (CAT) activity, CAT gene expression decreased in AFB1 group in blood. MDA level and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, GST and TP53 gene expressions increased in AFB1 group, whereas GSH level and CAT activity alongside CAT gene expression decreased in liver. AFB1+propolis group showed significant decrease in MDA level, GST activity, TP53 and GST gene expressions, GSH level and CAT activity and CAT gene expression increased in liver compared to AFB1 group. Conclusion: These results suggest that propolis may potentially be natural agent that prevents AFB1- induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

Aortic-banding induces myocardial oxidative stress and changes in concentration and activity of antioxidants in male Wistar rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (23) ◽  
pp. 2187-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria H.V.M. Jacob ◽  
Mauro R.N. Pontes ◽  
Alex S.R. Araújo ◽  
Jaqueline Barp ◽  
Maria C. Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Aortic Banding ◽  
Myocardial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Anticarcinogenic effect of probiotic fermented milk and chlorophyllin on aflatoxin-B1-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1006-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
V. Verma ◽  
R. Nagpal ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
P. V. Behare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Aflatoxin B

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of probiotic fermented milk (FM) containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, alone as well as in combination with chlorophyllin (CHL) as an antioxidant agent in male Wistar rats administered aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1). AFB1 was injected intraperitoneally at the rate of 450 μg/kg body weight per animal twice a week for 6 weeks, maintaining an equal time interval between the two consecutive AFB1 administrations. A total of 125 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to five groups, each group having twenty-five animals. Group I was offered FM containing L. rhamnosus GG and L. casei strain Shirota. Group II was administered AFB1 and served as the control group; group III was administered FM-AFB1, in which besides administering AFB1, FM was also offered. Group IV was offered CHL and AFB1, and group V was offered both FM and CHL along with AFB1. The rats were euthanised at the 15th and 25th week of the experiment and examined for the biochemical and hepatopathological profile. A significant reduction in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was observed in the FM–CHL–AFB1 group compared with the AFB1 control group. FM alone or in combination with CHL was found to show a significant (P < 0·05) hepatoprotective effect by lowering the levels of TBARS and by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase, indicating that probiotic FM alone or in combination with CHL possesses a potent protective effect against AFB1-induced hepatic damage.

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